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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Dalia: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Kamal211: [qb] who are Amnesty Internation [/qb][/QUOTE][b]History of Amnesty International[/b] Amnesty International was founded in 1961 by Peter Benenson in England. Benenson had long been active in the area of human rights. In 1959 he had founded Justice, an organization of British lawyers who advocated observation of and adherence to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In November 1960, two Portugese students were arrested by the Portugese dictatorship and sentenced to seven years in prison for the crime of raising glasses in a public toast to freedom. Benenson was very bothered by this incident, and decided that the only way to make a difference for these "prisoners of conscience" would be to bombard the Portugese goverment with letters. By the beginning of 1961, this initiative was launched into a full fledged campaign on behalf of all religious and political prisoners. Two men joined Benenson in his mission: Eric Baker and Louis Bloom. They called their campaign "Appeal for Amnesty" and their basic goal was to promote freedom of opinion. On May 28 of that year, Benenson published a soon to be famous article in the London Observer. It was entitled "The Forgotten Prisoners" and resulted in a worldwide call to arms for this cause. Within several days, similar or identical articles were printed in France, the U.S., Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden, Holland, Italy, South Africa, Belgium, Ireland, and India. Letters and donations began to pour in. The original system was that people who wished to get involved would "adopt" a specific prisoner. In addition to writing letters to the government involved on the prisoner's behalf, they would also correspond with the prisoner and his family. Benenson eventually changed the name of his organization to "Amnesty International." He had a British artist design an emblem-- a candle encircled by barbed wire. The inspiration for this emblem was the Ancient Chinese proverb, "Better to light a candle than to curse the darkness." By the end of 1962, Amnesty International had branches throughout Europe, as well as in Australia and the United States. By the early 1970's, Amnesty International had changed. Benenson was no longer affiliated. The focus was still prisoners of conscience, but the impact was far greater. Human rights had now become a valid issue in the eyes of the whole world. Amnesty International's position was reaffirmed when Jimmy Carter ran for president and made human rights issues the focus of his presidency. Today, Amnesty International's main office remains in London. The Secretary General is presently Pierre Sane. There are more than one million members worldwide. [URL=http://www.wellesley.edu/Activities/homepage/amnesty/historyai.html]Source[/URL] See also: http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1977/amnesty-lecture.html [/QB][/QUOTE]
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