posted
Have any of you guys done any research on the Barbary Coast, who they were, etc? These Africans were enslaving Euros by the millions and I am curious to see any non euro research on the subject.
Posts: 1296 | From: the planet | Registered: May 2011
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This is a study that digs deeply into this "other" slavery, the bondage of Europeans by north-African Muslims that flourished during the same centuries as the heyday of the trans-Atlantic trade from sub-Saharan Africa to the Americas. Here are explored--perhaps for the first time--the actual extent of Barbary Coast slavery, the dynamic relationship between master and slave, and the effects of this slaving on Italy, one of the slave takers' primary targets and victims. While Africans laboured on sugar and cotton plantations the European slaves were put to work in quarries, building sites and galleys and endured malnutrition, disease and maltreatment. Ruling pashas, entitled to an eighth of all captured Christians, housed them in overcrowded baths known as baños and used them for public works such as building harbours and cutting trees. They were given loaves of black bread and water. The pasha's female captives were more likely to be regarded as hostages to be bargained for ransom but many worked as attendants in the palace harem while awaiting payment and freedom, which in some cases never came. Some slaves bought by private individuals were well treated and became companions, others were overworked and beaten. "The most unlucky ended up stuck and forgotten out in the desert, in some sleepy town such as Suez, or in the Turkish sultan's galleys, where some slaves rowed for decades without ever setting foot on shore," The Barbary pirates, sometimes called Barbary corsairs or Ottoman corsairs, were pirates and privateers who operated from North Africa, based primarily in the ports of Tunis, Tripoli and Algiers. This area was known in Europe as the Barbary Coast, a term derived from the name of its Berber inhabitants. Some corsairs were European outcasts such as John Ward, Zymen Danseker and Henry Mainwaring. Hayreddin Barbarossa and Oruç Reis, the Barbarossa brothers, who took control of Algiers on behalf of the Ottomans in the early 16th century, were also famous corsairs.
Hayreddin Barbarossa Pasha, Barbary Pirate, Ottoman admiral. aka "red beard Hayreddin Barbarossa dominated the Mediterranean for decades. He was born on the island of Lesbos/Mytilini and died in Istanbul (Constantinople), the Ottoman capital and given the title "Pasha" Sources refer to Khizr as a Greek, as a Turk, or as an Albanian by origin
Abd el-Ouahed ben Messaoud, Moorish ambassador of the Barbary States to the Court of Queen Elizabeth I of England. Posts: 42918 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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posted
I'm the one who told you about that book and then you posted on here asking if it was true lol, and no it isn't the best book on the subject.
Posts: 1296 | From: the planet | Registered: May 2011
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posted
I'm quite surprised that no one suggested this gem. Perfect for today's youth - no reading required.
The Wind and the Lion is a 1975 adventure film. It was written and directed by John Milius and starred Sean Connery, Candice Bergen, Brian Keith and John Huston. It was based somewhat on the real-life Perdicaris incident of 1904.
This movie blends historic facts into a violent fictional adventure in which an American woman, Eden Perdicaris (played by Bergen), and her two children are kidnapped by Arab brigand Mulai Ahmed er Raisuli (Connery), prompting American President Theodore Roosevelt (Keith) to send an armed invasion and rescue mission to Morocco. (The real Perdicaris incident involved the kidnapping of a middle-aged man and his stepson, who were not harmed.)
(Connery made a very dashing Mulai Ahmed er Raisuli).
As a matter of fact, this case demonstrates one of the reasons why we all, not just Albinos, so love make-believe.
The real Mulai Ahmed er Raisuli was just a prideful, but down on his luck Black man, trying to make a living.
As a matter of fact, this case demonstrates one of the reasons why we all, not just Albinos, so love make-believe.
The real Mulai Ahmed er Raisuli was just a prideful, but down on his luck Black man, trying to make a living.
Raisuni's first victim was Walter Harris, an Englishman who already knew Raisuni. Raisuni demanded not money, but the release of several of Raisuni's men held in prison; Harris was released after only three weeks captivity. Many of Raisuni's other victims of this time were Moroccan military and political officials; his men only rarely kidnapped Europeans. In between kidnappings, Raisuni extorted villagers living in territories controlled by his followers, executing those who refused to pay. Raisuni also periodically maintained a small fleet of boats for seagoing piracy; however, he was less successful in this endeavor than in his kidnapping and extortion schemes. In 1904, Raisuni was propelled onto the international stage during what was to be known as the "Perdicaris Incident." This is when he kidnapped the Greek-American expatriate Ion Perdicaris and his stepson Cromwell Varley and held them for a ransom of $70,000. American President Theodore Roosevelt, then running for re-election, made political capital out of the incident, sending a squadron of warships to Morocco to force Abdelaziz's compliance with Raisuni's demands, famously proclaiming "Perdicaris Alive or Raisuli Dead!" After a near-confrontation between the government of Morocco and troops of the United States of America, Raisuni received his ransom money and concessions; he was appointed Pasha of Tangier and Governor of Jibala province, and all of his imprisoned followers were released. However, Raisuni was ousted from the post in 1906 due to corruption and cruelty to his subjects; a year later he was again declared an outlaw by the Moroccan government. Shortly after his dismissal, Raisuni kidnapped Sir Harry "Caid" Maclean, a British army officer serving as a military aide to the Sultan's army. Raisuni ransomed Maclean for £20,000 from the British government.For years, Raisuni continued to antagonize the Moroccan government, even after Abdelaziz's forced abdication. He briefly regained favor with the Moroccan government, by siding with Mulay Hafid's overthrow of Abdelaziz, and was restored again as Pasha of Tangier. However, at the instigation of the Spanish government, the Sultan removed Raisuni from his post in 1912. Mulay Hafid
In 1913, Raisuni led several Rif tribes in a bloody revolt against the Spanish, and continued a sanguine guerilla conflict against them for almost eight years. His men were finally defeated by Colonel Manuel Fernandez Silvestre, later infamous as the Spanish commander at the Battle of Annual. During World War I, Raisuni was reportedly in contact with agents of the German government to lead a tribal rebellion against France. Responding to these rumors, French troops launched a punitive expedition into Spanish Morocco in May 1915, which dispersed Raisuni's followers but failed to capture Raisuni himself. In September 1922, and after an interview with Colonel José Villalba Riquelme he submitted to the Spanish authorities and subsequently was one of Spanish leaders in the Rif War of the 1920s. He was intensely jealous of Abd el Krim and his growing popularity with the Rif peoples, hoping to gain control of Western Morocco with a Spanish victory. In January 1925, Krim's followers attacked Raisuni's palace, killing most of his guards and capturing Raisuni. He was reportedly dead by the end of April 1925, having suffered from dropsy for several years. Rumors of his survival persisted, however, as Raisuni had been erroneously reported dead in 1914 and 1923. He is still regarded as a folk hero by many in Morocco, although his reputation is mixed at best.
Posts: 42918 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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by Emrah Safa Gürkan Department of History Bilkent University, Turkey June 2006 Muur!
so we as black people have to see if we want to side with the Turks or the Habsburgs, the Habsburgs as we recall, Germanics who sanctioned the Trans Atlantic Slave trade and the colonization of the Americas
Hundreds of thousands of Europeans were captured by Barbary pirates and sold as slaves in North Africa and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 19th centuries. These slave raids were conducted largely by Arabs and Berbers rather than Ottoman Turks. However, during the height of the Barbary slave trade in the 16th and 17th centuries, the Barbary states were subject to Ottoman jurisdiction and ruled by Ottoman pashas. Furthermore, many slaves captured by the Barbary corsairs were sold eastward into Ottoman territories before, during, and after Barbary's period of Ottoman rule.
Posts: 42918 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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posted
Sometimes it's just tough for an African to make a living!
Xebecs were ships similar to galleys used by Algerian Berber corsairs and Barbary pirates having both lateen sails and oars for propulsion. Early xebecs had two masts; later ones three. Xebecs featured a distinctive hull with pronounced overhanging bow and stern, and rarely displaced more than 200 tons, making them slightly smaller and with slightly fewer guns than frigates of the period.
They built them with a narrow floor to achieve a higher speed than their victims, but with a considerable beam in order to enable them to carry an extensive sail-plan. The lateen rig of the xebec allowed for the ship to sail close hauled to the wind often giving it an advantage in pursuit or escape. The use of oars or sweeps allowed the xebec to approach vessels who were becalmed. When used as corsairs they carried a crew of 300 to 400 men and mounted perhaps 16 to 40 guns according to size. In peacetime operations, the xebec could transport merchandise.
Once a Corsair xebec had located a victim, it would close rapidly and probably fire a few shots off. If this failed to affect surrender, then the crew of 200 to 450 would board and waste the enemy party. North African Corsair vessels primarily relied on their speed and ability to dispatch large numbers of soldiers onto the enemy's deck. Given the weakness of a xebec's light hull a prolonged gun battle was not an option.
Somali Pirates are now known to be using "mother ships" so they can launch attacks further out at sea. They use small, fast speedboats to get around and work in crews of 10 or so. They have RPGs (rocket-propelled grenades) machine guns and assault rifles.
Once they find a good target, they launch hooks and rope ladders up to board the ship and overwhelm the crew. They often attack at night.
posted
Black people should be hijacking and pirating Albino Ships, trucks, planes, and trains all over the world.
We should abandon celebrating silly White holidays (Easter, Xmas, Independence Day, etc) and replace them with black-centric solidarity exercise days/weeks like;
- Pirate week: Where all blacks go and pirate something of value from whites.
- Adopt an Euro-Albino Week: Where each black family kidnaps albino whites and infect them with black thought before ransoming them back to their parents.
- White Suffrage Month (Replace black History Month): Where all black families spend zero dollars for Albino goods and services for 30 straight days.
Posts: 4693 | From: Saturn | Registered: Apr 2012
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quote:Originally posted by Narmerthoth: Black people should be hijacking and pirating Albino Ships, trucks, planes, and trains all over the world.
We should abandon celebrating silly White holidays (Easter, Xmas, Independence Day, etc) and replace them with black-centric solidarity exercise days/weeks like;
- Pirate week: Where all blacks go and pirate something of value from whites.
- Adopt an Euro-Albino Week: Where each black family kidnaps albino whites and infect them with black thought before ransoming them back to their parents.
- White Suffrage Month (Replace black History Month): Where all black families spend zero dollars for Albino goods and services for 30 straight days.
*slow clap*
Posts: 1296 | From: the planet | Registered: May 2011
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posted
The inhabitants of the modern Riff in Morocco are descendants of the Moors who have absorbed their slave populations from Europe and elsewhere.
Here is again description of the Moors of the 8th century from the Riff mountains in the northern tip of Morocco.
“ They [i.e. the Syrian Arabs] decided on their own initiative to hasten to the sea, crossing the territory of the Moors to attack Tangiers with the Swords. But the army of the Moors, realizing this immediately burst forth from the mountains to the battle naked girded only with loin-cloths covering their shameful parts. When they joined with each other in battle at the Nava river, the Egyptian horses immediately recoiled in flight, as the Moors on their beautiful horses revealed their repulsive colour and gnashed their white teeth. Despairing, they launched another attack, the Arab cavalry again instantly recoiled due to the colour of the Moors’ skin.” from "Latin Chronicle of 754" "Chonica Mozarabica" cited on p. 71 of the book, Ibn Garcia’s Shu’ubiyya Letter: Ethnic and Theological Tensions in Medieval al-Andalus by Goran Larsson 2003 published by Brill.
It just shows what goes around comes back around. maybe black people need to repent and apologize to somebody's ancestors instead of complaining and bringing back on themselves more negative karma and ancestral retaliation like Diop said.
"The most unlucky ended up stuck and forgotten out in the desert, in some sleepy town such as Suez, or in the Turkish sultan's galleys, where some slaves rowed for decades without ever setting foot on shore," One can certainly not say this type of thing is any less pitiful than one happened to black slaves.
Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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Minus the "Arab enslavers" who wouldn't have had any power or control or much of a presences in the area, it is very interesting.
Posts: 1296 | From: the planet | Registered: May 2011
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It is funny you said "maybe black people need to repent and apologize to somebody's ancestors instead of complaining and bringing back on themselves more negative karma and ancestral retaliation like Diop said.". It is hard to do that when history has been obfuscated to such a degree, that most no longer remember what happened.
I don't think ANYONE needs to apologize, those who did all this are dead. What needs to happen is, true history needs to be presented. Present who these people were. They were black, say that CLEARLY, don't try and hide it with modern day mixed race people living in Morocco, proclaiming them to have been the ones who did all this. The same goes for the rest of North Africa, which was markedly blacker back then. Once the truth comes out, people are now on a equal footing. Whites are no brighter, stronger or better than Africans, nor do Africans hold the moral high ground to whites. We all did some terrible stuff. Now lets move forward.
Posts: 1296 | From: the planet | Registered: May 2011
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It is funny you said "maybe black people need to repent and apologize to somebody's ancestors instead of complaining and bringing back on themselves more negative karma and ancestral retaliation like Diop said.". It is hard to do that when history has been obfuscated to such a degree, that most no longer remember what happened.
I don't think ANYONE needs to apologize, those who did all this are dead. What needs to happen is, true history needs to be presented. Present who these people were. They were black, say that CLEARLY, don't try and hide it with modern day mixed race people living in Morocco, proclaiming them to have been the ones who did all this. The same goes for the rest of North Africa, which was markedly blacker back then. Once the truth comes out, people are now on a equal footing. Whites are no brighter, stronger or better than Africans, nor do Africans hold the moral high ground to whites. We all did some terrible stuff. Now lets move forward.
I think we all need to read Robert Davis book thoroughly White Slaves Muslim Masters as I hadn't noticed before where he talks about Berbers from the mountains and Tuareg raided rural Maghreb plantations or towns to take European slaves from the Moors which by that time meant Arabized slave holders by the 1600s back with them. "...these nomads who often took their captives far into the interior ...p. 87.
He felt most European slaves in Morocco were British.
He also wrote in something called "British Slaves on the Barbary Coast", in which he mentions, "Thousands of Dutch, Germans and British 'languished for years in the chains of Barbary,' without the aid of organised clergy or state funds for their release."
Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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by Emrah Safa Gürkan Department of History Bilkent University, Turkey June 2006 Muur!
so we as black people have to see if we want to side with the Turks or the Habsburgs, the Habsburgs as we recall, Germanics who sanctioned the Trans Atlantic Slave trade and the colonization of the Americas
Hundreds of thousands of Europeans were captured by Barbary pirates and sold as slaves in North Africa and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 19th centuries. These slave raids were conducted largely by Arabs and Berbers rather than Ottoman Turks. However, during the height of the Barbary slave trade in the 16th and 17th centuries, the Barbary states were subject to Ottoman jurisdiction and ruled by Ottoman pashas. Furthermore, many slaves captured by the Barbary corsairs were sold eastward into Ottoman territories before, during, and after Barbary's period of Ottoman rule.
As well, much of Ottoman armies in North Africa were themselves descendants of European slaves as well or Slavic peoples i.e. Circassians, Albanians, etc.
Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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The real Mulai Ahmed er Raisuli was just a prideful, but down on his luck Black man, trying to make a living.
lol! sad but true, I guess. The Mulay Ahmed was a somewhat modified descendant of the Riff Berbers described in the 754 Cronica Mozarabica as of "revolting color" capable of scaring horses when they "gnashed their white teeth". Of course, not all Riff Berbers today of course look like Ahmed.
Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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posted
Chattel slavery as we know it did not originate in Africa at any form throughout any period of history. The African enslavement of Western Europeans in the Barbary Wars was only a small portion of the slave trading world of the day. Most slavery was practiced by Europeans and Asians among their own kind as opposed to Africans enslaving Europeans. And it must be remembered again that the word Slave comes from SLAV, because of the fact that so many Slavic people were captured and sold into Slavery by various European Empires along with various Islamic groups, like the Turks. Therefore Africans owe no one any apologies for creating a system of slavery because they did not create the system of slavery we know today. And in all reality, many of the military slaves in Islam were nothing more than mercenaries.
African slavery was a reference to the practice of taking "war captives" who were then forced into obligatory service to the winning party. The Muslims then expanded this concept during their expansion and holy war against non believers which turned any non believer into a potential slave for not being a Muslim. This produced a system of taking women as sex slaves or concubines and males as war slaves. The populations primarily subjected to this form of treatment were Europeans and Asian groups like the Slavs and Turks. Once the Turkish slaves overthrew their former masters and became the champions of Islam they continued enslaving other Europeans, especially Slavic folk and various eastern European folks. Once they gained dominion over North Africa they then started exporting those slaves there as well, which only represented an expansion of the slave trading networks that already existed in Eastern Europe and Asia. The Turks spent most of the period between 1300AD and 1600 AD fighting various wars in Eastern Europe as part of the expansion of the Ottoman empire and in the process set up various slave trading networks within its borders.
The Barbary Wars were originally started by the Africans who had been expelled from Spain by the Spanish and other Christian groups. They went to the Turks and asked them for assistance and as a result this is how the Turks began to gain control over Islamic north Africa. This episode only represents the major export of Western Europeans into Turkish slave networks, but there were already many more Eastern European slaves within this network and a great many of these were also brought into North Africa and had nothing to do with the Barbary Pirates. Most of the Eurasian bloodlines in North Africa trace back to East African slaves from the Turkish trading networks, not any Western Europeans captured by the Barbary Pirates.
Basically, because of the way Islam expanded and its use of the concept of Slavery as a way of dealing with those who did not convert to Islam, they gave rise to the notion that religious authority could be used to sanction slavery of unconverted peoples. This was not an African phenomenon. It is from this idea of religious sanctioned enslavement of Non believers that Christians were called by the pope to subjugate and oppress all non Christians in Africa and the New World, which began the became the basis of chattel slavery. But there was also one other key difference between Islamic slavery and the latter Chattel slavery. Chattel slavery was built around economic exploitation for the purposes of enriching the coffers of the royals who operated under sanction of the pope in annexing new lands outside of Europe into their empires. And as part of this sanction from the pope to subjugate those who did not convert to Christianity, they decided to also create a systematic way of generating profit from those people who had no rights or privileges under the newly imposed Christian imperial system. Islam had no concept of slavery for profit. While it certainly did have a concept of conquest for profit, most of the slaves were military slaves or folks pressed into service to continue the expansion of Islam into new lands and because of this, many former slaves rose up to become conquerors. That had no parallel in the West. In Western slavery, the slave was not even fully human and therefore not even qualified to be considered as one of God's children and therefore was only fit to be used as a pack mule or beast of burden for the profit of the crown. That has absolutely no parallel in African or Islamic patterns of enslavement.
Posts: 8889 | Registered: May 2005
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posted
^ Correct. In the traditional practice of slavery in Africa, slaves still retained human rights and were basically indentured servants. Such was the case in ancient Egypt, another African society.
By the way, LOL @ the lyinass suddenly speechless after Dana's initial post busted her lies. Posts: 26237 | From: Atlanta, Georgia, USA | Registered: Feb 2005
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The Mulay Ahmed was a somewhat modified descendant of the Riff Berbers described in the 754 Cronica Mozarabica as of "revolting color" capable of scaring horses when they "gnashed their white teeth". 
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