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Nubians found Civiliztion in Middle East
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Doug M: [QB] But what AREA and WHAT groups in particular are we talking about? Does Mr Winters REALLY mean that they came from somewhere between the 1st and 5th cataract of the Nile? What about the western Deserts, eastern deserts or areas in what is now Ethiopia and Somalia? Read carefully and you will see that Nubia is being used as a catch phrase for "black african". [QUOTE] [b]1)Trenton W. Holliday,in "Evolution at the Crossroads: Modern Human Emergence in Western Asia, American Anthropologist,102(1) [2000], tested the hypothesis that if modern Africans had dispersed into the Levant from Africa, "tropically adapted hominids" would be represented in the archaeological history of the Lavant, especially in relation to the Qafzeh-Skhul hominids. This researcher found that the Qafzeh-Skhul hominids (20,000-10,000),were assigned to the Sub-Saharan population, along with the Natufians samples (4000 BP). [/b]Holliday also found African fauna in the area. Holliday confirmed his hypothesis that the replacement of the Neanderthal people were Sub-Saharan Africans. The founders of civilization in South West Asia were the Anu people, archaeologists call Natufians. By 13,000 BC, according to J.D. Clark ("The origins of domestication in Ethiopia", Fifth Panafrican Congress of prehistory and quaternary Studies, Nairobi,1977) the Natufians were collecting grasses which later became domesticated crops in Southwest Asia. In Palestine the Natufians established intensive grass collection. The Natufians used the Ibero-Maurusian tool industry (see F. Wendorf, The History of Nubia, Dallas,1968, pp.941-46). These Natufians , according to Christopher Ehret ( "On the antiquity of agriculture in Ethiopia", Jour. of African History 20, [1979], p.161) were small stature folk who spread agriculture throughout Nubia into the Red Sea. [b]2) The Natufians took the Ibero-Maurusian tools into Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. The Natufians practiced evulsion of the incisors the same as Bantu people and inhabitants of the Saharan fringes.[/b] [b]3)The modern civilizations of the Middle East were created by the Natufians.Since the Natufians came from Nubia, they can not be classified as Euorpeans.[/b] This shows that there were no European types in the Middle East Between 20,000-4,000BP. Moreover, we clearly see the continuity between African culture from Nubia to the Levant. [/QUOTE]In my mind the items in bold indicate that the "Natufians" were people from Africa in General around Ethiopa and somehwere south of the Sahara (1 and 2). But 3), Nubia, is being used, as I said before, as a delimiter for African, which was ALREADY stated in 1 and 2, thereby stressing the sub-saharan markers and rendering the need to use Nubia as a reinforcement of "non European derived African" as unecessary. Therefore, the Natufians could be from anywhere between North Africa, Ethiopia and the Sudan, which is a LARGE area and NOT just Nubian. This is especially so since the papers cited are more making the claim for the antiquity of Ethiopian, not "Nubian" agriculture in Africa. I also understand what you guys are saying, but the wording of some of these papers just is annoying. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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