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Nubians do not cluster with Nilo-Saharans. They cluster with Afro-Asiatics
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Yatunde Lisa: [QB] ^^^^ Dr. Winters...I pray that all is well with you. You have all of my respect as a person who have followed this blog and watched your videos for years... Have you seen the following..? It seems to converge with your Kushite hypothesis [QUOTE] Monday, September 21, 2015 [b]Vasco-Nubian[/b] Maju, who is in addition to being a public intellectual, a Basque person who is fluent in the Basque language, discusses the possibility that the hypothetical Vasconic language family of which Basque is a part and all other members are extinct, may be derived from the Nilo-Saharan Nubian languages of Africa, with substantial later contributions from Proto-Indo-European (as opposed, for example, to its later variants), i.e. a Vasco-Nubian hypothesis. He suggests a Mesolithic (i.e. immediately pre-invention of farming) presence in the Levant of Nilo-Saharan language speakers, whose language becomes the language of the first farmers of Europe and then is bit by bit replaced by Indo-European languages at a later date. He makes an effort at mass lexical comparison with a Swadesh list of words that shows a much stronger than random chance relationship. I've looked at the phonetics and grammar and it isn't too much of a stretch on that front at that time depth. [/QUOTE] http://dispatchesfromturtleisland.blogspot.com/2015/09/vasco-nubian.html [QUOTE] eptember 17, 2015 Vasco-Nubian? This is something I've been chewing on for more than a year now and yet never got myself to blog about (although I have mentioned in private or in comments here and there). Impelled by the minor but quite apparent NE African influence, genetic and cultural, on the Neolithic peoples of the Levant, whose offshoots eventually landed in Greece triggering the European Neolithic, I decided in the Spring of 2014 to explore, via mass-lexical comparison, if Basque language (and by extension the wider Vasconic family, which I believe now to be that of mainline European Neolithic) might have any relation with Nubian languages. I did not expect to find anything but noise but to my surprise the number of apparent cognates is quite significant. My primary analysis was this one but now I have combined it with a comparison with Proto-Indoeuropean (PIE), which is also very probably related to the roots of Vasconic: LINK (open office spreadsheet). The synthesis is as follows: Of course the "cognates" are only apparent cognates at this stage of the research and the evaluation is necessarily subjective. But judge yourselves. If we discard the "weak" apparent cognates, the vocabulary correlation between Basque and Nubian and between Basque and PIE is pretty similar. But, in my understanding, both are well above the noise threshold, an example of which could be the PIE-Nubian apparent cognates, which are many many less. I must say anyhow that the oblique apparent cognates, that is when one word sounds much not like its strict synonym but a related one (for example words meaning hot and fire), look all very solid and most intriguing. Also, when attributing probabilities to origins of Basque words, Nubian appears to be at the origin of almost double the words (26%) that can be attributed to PIE (15%). Of course, for lack of data or because they actually have other origins, the unknown origins apply to the majority of words (56%), double than the Nubian origin ones. However Nubian here is constituted of three different languages (Dilling, Nobiin and Midob), while PIE is just a single theoretical construct. This last must be done this way because many modern and historical IE languages, notably in Europe, have other Vasconic substrate influences, which must be studied separately from general PIE-Vasconic shared vocabulary. This kind of late Vasconic influence is very much unlikely in the case of Nubian instead. In any case I don't know of any a proto-Nubian Swadesh list readily available. Finally I must mention that because the PDF format is horrible for copy-pasting, I chose to re-transcribe the Nubian words according to my best approximation using a normal keyboard (not always the same characters that the original list uses). Strongest Basque-Nubian apparent simple cognates Basque - Nubian languages (English) azal - àzì, àzzì-di (bark) haragi - árízh (meat) odol - ógór, èggér (blood) buru - úr (head) oin - ó:y (foot) esku - ish-i, ès-sì (hand) hil* - di-ìl (to die) euri - are, ara, áwwí, áré, árí, áró (rain) harri - kugor, kakar (stone) [notice also the pre-IE root *kharr- speculated to be at the origin of Karst, etc.] lur - gùr (soil, ground) haize - irsh-i, éss-í (wind) There are some others that are shared with Indo-European and with similar subjective "weight", not listing them here to keep things clear. There are also other apparent cognates that are arguably less clear like bat - be (one) that I'm also skipping here but you can find in the spreadsheet. *Hil (meaning both to die and to kill in Basque, which can't be confused because they conjugate differently) seems ancestral to English ill and kill (this one via a Germanic precursor). The intriguing oblique cognates Notice that these words do not mean the same, yet their meanings seem strikingly related. Nubian (English) - Basque (English) hor, koy, kà:r (tree) - harri (stone) [notice that zuhaitz (tree) can be interpreted etymologically as zur-haitz = wood-rock, so the relation is not that weird] ok-i, og (breast) - ogi (bread) a-l (heart) - ahal (can (verb), potential, power) azh, àz-ír, àzza (to bite) - (h)ortz (tooth), aitz (rock, peak) [some argue that originally "to cut", present in many cutting tool names: aizkor = axe, aitzur = hoe, aizto = knife, etc.*] shu, zhúù (to walk) - joan (to go) [often pronounced jun or shun] é:zhi (water) - heze (wet) [also archaic particle *iz-, meaning "water" by all accounts: itxaso = sea, izurde = dolphin, izotz = ice, and common in Vasconic river toponymy] zhuge (to burn) - su (fire) zhùg, sù, sú:w (hot) - su (fire) úr-i, úrúm (black) - urdin (blue) [archaic also green, grey] *This one is an obvious and very prevalent Vasconic substrate infiltrator in Western IE languages: axe, adze, azada (hoe in Spanish), etc. How can this be possible? It is of course a mere working hypothesis and ultimately you judge but I find it hard to disdain. However there is no apparent connection, notably no significant genetic connection, between Basques and Nubians. So how can we explain this? I have it reasonably clear myself, so I made a map to explain it: [/QUOTE] http://forwhattheywereweare.blogspot.com/2015/09/vasco-nubian.html [/QB][/QUOTE]
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