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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Super car: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Ayazid: I have a question for you: can you prove the opposite(with peer reviewed corroboration)?[/QUOTE] Okay: [QUOTE]In this paper, the Middle Paleolithic and the transition to the Upper Paleolithic in the [b]Lower Nile Valley[/b] are described. It is argued that the Middle Paleolithic or, more appropriately, Middle Stone Age of this region starts with the arrival of new populations from [b]sub-Saharan Africa[/b], as evidenced by the nature of the Early to Middle Stone Age transition in stratified sites. Throughout the late Middle Pleistocene technological change occurs leading to the establishment of the Nubian Complex by the onset of the Upper Pleistocene. After a period of significant population expansion during the Last Interglacial, the arid conditions of Stage 4 have forced technological adaptation and contraction of population groups into the Nile Valley. In this context, the initial Upper Paleolithic emerges. The paper ends with an interpretation of the causes of the transition and of the impact of this event in adjacent regions. - VAN PEER P. Source: [URL=http://www.mzm.cz/Anthropologie/abstrakty/2004-3/04-3VanPeer215.htm]http://www.mzm.cz/Anthropologie/abstrakty/2004-3/04-3VanPeer215.htm[/URL][/QUOTE] and... [QUOTE][b]Intra-population and temporal variation in ancient Egyptian crania.[/b] S.R. Zakrzewski. Department of Archaeology, University of Southampton, UK. The level of morphological variation within a population is the result of factors such as population expansion and movement. Traditionally Egyptologists have considered ancient Egypt to have a homogeneous population, with state formation occurring as a result of local processes without influence from migration. This paper tests this hypothesis by investigating the extent of biological relationships within a series of temporally successive Egyptian skeletal samples. Previous studies have compared biological relationships between Egyptians and other populations, mostly using the Howells global cranial data set. In the current study, by contrast, the biological relationships within a series of temporally-successive cranial samples are assessed. The data consist of 55 cranio-facial variables from 418 adult Egyptian individuals, from six periods, ranging in date from c. [b]5000 to 1200 BC. These were compared with[/b] the 111 [b]Late Period crania (c. 600-350 BC)[/b] from the Howells sample. Principal Component and Canonical Discriminant Function Analyses were undertaken, on both pooled and single sex samples. [b]The results suggest a level of local population continuity exists within the earlier Egyptian populations, but that this was in association with some change in population structure, reflecting *small-scale* immigration and admixture with new groups. Most dramatically, the results also indicate that the Egyptian series from Howells global data set are morphologically ***distinct*** from the Predynastic and Early Dynastic Nile Valley samples (especially in cranial vault shape and height), and thus show that this sample cannot be considered to be a typical Egyptian series.[/b] This research was funded by the Wellcome Trust (Bioarchaeology Panel), Durham University (Addison-Wheeler Fellowship) and by University of Southampton."[/QUOTE] want more... [QUOTE][b]None of Keita's work suggests the penetration of West Asian or European types being a factor in the creation of Dynastic Egypt.[/b] Both Keita (1993) and Hassan (1988) have suggested that Saharan elements played a role in the modification of Badari and early Nakada types during the late Nakada period... According to Keita (1990) and Livingstone (1967), the Haratin are among the major descendants of the original Saharans. Close similarity in ABO serology between modern Haratin populations and those of ancient Egyptian. [URL=http://asiapacificuniverse.com/pkm/anthro.htm]http://asiapacificuniverse.com/pkm/anthro.htm[/URL] [/QUOTE] Now, let's see your corroboration, a request which you continue to dodge! [This message has been edited by Super car (edited 23 March 2005).] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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