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Ancient Egypt Africa Cultural Diffusion ?
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Swenet: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by AncientGebts: I got two Mod warnings just now, [qb]so I'm finished. :) [/qb][/QUOTE]AncientGebts, real quick, before you go. The author below is part of a group of scholars who claim to have found words in ancient Egyptian that preserve an older layer of ancient Egyptian that was spoken before the Egyptian script was invented. Do you recognize the words below? There is a supposedly prehistoric set, and a historic set. Does one set, or maybe both, resemble any Ethiopian language you know? [i]Finally, we ask whether the Upper Egyptian Proto Dynastic language was the earliest form of Egyptian concerning which we have any evidence. That such earlier forms would be spoken in Egypt is stated by Butzer (1976: 11) who asserts that there is no reason to doubt that the Predynastic peoples of the Egyptian Nile valley spoke Egyptian. He bases this conclusion both on the linguistic separateness of Egyptian within Afroasiatic and the cultural continuity revealed by the archeological record. The Egyptian writing system itself at the earliest time that we find it gives evidence of a fairly long previous development. A blank piece of papyrus has been found in a tomb of the Second Dynasty showing that even at that time hieratic must have existed as a writing system alongside of hieroglyphic. James (1979: 464) argues that this is an indication that long texts could have been written as early as the initial part of the First Dynasty. The [b]most powerful indications, however, derive from the earliest hieroglyphic writing[/b] itself. Certain symbols [b]have phonetic values which are different from the ideas they represent as expressed even in the language of the Pyramid texts[/b]. That these phonetic readings actually expressed the sounds of words that existed in Predynastic Egyptian [b]is shown by the fact that several of them have cognates in other branches of Afroasiatic[/b]. [b]Among these are d 'hand'[/b] (Gardiner 1957: D 46) with which we may compare Akkadian idu, Arabic and Hebrew yad, etc., [b]whereas throughout the historic period the word for hand was drt[/b] which survives with the usual phonetic changes into Coptic. [b]Another is Gardiner F 21 'ear of ox'[/b] with the phonetic value Pdn cognate with Arabic Pudn, Hebrew Pozen, etc. all meaning 'ear' , [b]whereas the historic word is an obvious new derivative formation[/b] m.sdr literally 'place of lying down or sleeping' .9 To these and others cited in Vycichl (1934) we may add [b]the symbol for 'foot' (Gardiner D 58) to indicate the sound b[/b], a probable cognate to the root bV 'come' or 'go' found in all other branches of Afroasiatic (Greenberg 1963: 54, no. 20 'to come'). [b]In historic times the Egyptian word for 'foot] is rd.[/b][/i] https://copticsounds.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/were-there-egyptian-koines.pdf [/QB][/QUOTE]
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