quote:Originally posted by One Third African: The evidence for modern Berber-speakers being descended from a bottleneck around the time of the Punic Wars makes me wonder if they themselves are of significant Punic ancestry. I am no expert on the history of the Punic Wars, but I don't see the Romans targeting indigenous tribes in the North African interior for extermination if their main enemy was Carthage. What I can see happening is a wave of Punic citizens from the Carthaginian cities fleeing into the interior and mixing with the native North Africans. That would explain why modern Berbers in Northwest Africa have so much ancestry from this bottleneck that correlates to the Punic Wars.
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(independent research article, Academia.edu )
The male lines of the Maghreb: Phoenicians, Carthage, Muslim conquest and Berbers .
Abstract In this document i analysed Y-DNA from yfull and ftdna from the Maghreb. I conclude that the present descendants of E-M81 originate from Phoenicia. The majority of males in the Maghreb has a Y-DNA that descends from a male line ancestor that lived in Phoenicia about 500 BCE. This founding father effect is extremely strong and a similar founding mother effect is absent. About 20% has a YDNA that originates in Hejaz (Arabia) and arrived at the Muslim Conquest of the Maghreb. The Berber population has a lower Y-DNA percentage from Hejaz. I see no indication that the present population has Y-DNA that descends from the population from the Maghreb from the period before the arrival of the Phoenicians. The Berber and Tuareg languages descend from the Phoenician language, and the Tuareg language had the least influence from other languages. A timescale correction of yfull +10% is more likely than a timescale of yfull without correction or a timescale correction of yfull +20%. Introduction In this analysis I downloaded the data of all individual persons in the https://yfull.com/tree website [1] on February 15 2019 and concentrated on the people from the countries of Mauritania, Morocco, Algeria, Libya and Tunisia. This resulted in a set of 80 samples, which is less than 1 percent of the number of samples in the yfull tree. In this document I used the time estimates of yfull [2] as a base and successive bootstraps to determine accuracies. The next step was to see which of the data has characteristics of people whose descendants lived in the Maghreb. This means that two or more Maghreb samples were neighbours in the phylogenetic tree. I define two neighbours as two (or more) samples that can have a shared ancestor, while the other samples in phylogenetic tree do not descent from this shared ancestor. For this comparison we omit the samples that have an unknown origin (since I don’t know if they are inside of the Maghreb or outside of the Maghreb). It appeared that we have ten groups of neighbouring Maghreb samples. Since the majority of the present population of the Maghreb descends from one branch (E-PF2546, part of E-M81), we split the analysis of E-M81 in two parts: the analysis of E-PF2546 (1) and the analysis of the non-EM81 branch splits of the Maghreb (2)
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