posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
SO BLACKS WERE BETTER OFF WHEN WHITES CONTROL SOUTH AFRICA IS THAT WHAT YOU ARE TRYING TO SAY.I SEE SOME SEWLF HATRED ON YOUR PART DOUG.

THINGS ARE WAAAAY MUCH BETTER FOR BLACKS IN SOUTH AFRICA TODAY THAN THEY WERE IN 1980,1990 AND 1993.THAT IS SOME STROMFRONT CRAP YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT.YOU DO NOT SEE PROGRESS IN ANYTHING AND I AGREE WITH YONIS AND Sundiata UP TO A POINT ON THIS. YOU ARE HELPLESS.
HERE IS A BASIC DETAIL PLAN OF THE OWNERSHIP AND OTHER THINGS.IT'S ALOT SO TAKE YOUR TIME AND READ.
THERE WASA LOT MORE BUT IT WAS TOO MUCH AND I SPENT TO MUCH TIME ALREADY FINDIG THIS INFO AND COPYING IT.SO LET THIS INFO SINK IN ABOUT THE PLAN.AFTER READING THIS YOU SHOULD GET A MORE CLEAR IDEA.IF YOU DO NOT GET IT.TOO BAD.THERE IS NOTHING I COULD SAY I DO FOR YOU.I AM LEAVING BECAUSE I KEPT HAVING TO FIND INFO LIKE THIS ON THIS FORUM AND CERIAN FOLKS JUST DO NOT WANT TO LISTEN .SO AFTER THIS JUST LEAVE ME ALONE.BYE.

THAT IS 2001 CENSUS,SINCE THEN BLACKS GREW IN NUMBERS.
THE LAST TIME I CHECK THERE WERE 40% OF BLACKS IN SOUTH AFRICA WHO WERE POOR.
I DID NOT READ ALL THAT BY THE WAY BECAUSE THE MINUTE YOU PUT UP A 2001 CENSUS,I KNEW YOU WAS TELLING OUTDATED INFO.RECENT STUDIES SAY MORE BLACKS ARE GOING INTO THE MIDDLECLASS MORE AND MORE.BY THE WAY WHO GOIN TO CALL A BLACK PERSON IN THE CONGO OR GABON A NIGGER.THEY WILL GET THIER HEADS BASHE IN.YOU ARE BRINGING AMERICAN PROBLEMS TO AFRICA.AFRICANS IN THEIR COUNTRIES ARE THE ELITE,NOT WHITES.IN RAW NUMBERS THEIR ARE MORE BLACKS IN THE MIDDLE CLASS AND ARE RICH THAN WHITE SOUTH AFRICANS.


HERE IS A CLEARER PLAN.

INTRODUCTION - THE TRANSFORMATION IMPERATIVE

1.1 Our country requires an economy that can meet the needs of all our economic

citizens – our people and their enterprises – in a sustainable manner. This

will only be possible if our economy builds on the full potential of all persons

and communities across the length and breadth of this country. Government’s

objective is to achieve this vision of an adaptive economy characterised by

growth, employment and equity by 2014.


It is crucial to understand the magnitude of what took place in our past in order to understand why we need to
act together as a nation to bring about an economic transformation in the interest

of all.


c
1.3 The vision of an economy that meets the needs of the people in a more equitable
manner goes back to the Freedom Charter of 1955. This was refined and
developed in the contemporary context in the Reconstruction and Development
Programme (1994). The need to effect redress in the interests of equity is also
embodied in our Constitution. Subsequently, government has outlined broad
economic strategies to transform the economy by 2014. These strategies include
the Microeconomic Reform Strategy and a range of specific strategies such as the
Integrated Manufacturing Strategy and the National Research and Development
Strategy.


1.4 The period since 1994 has seen the South African economy undergo profound

restructuring. Ten years of consistent economic growth has been recorded.


Macroeconomic stabilisation has largely been achieved, providing a platform for
accelerating the growth rate. The economy has become increasingly integrated

into global markets and has become a successful exporter of manufactured

goods and value-added services. South Africa is now able to position itself as an
advanced manufacturing economy.


an economic transformation strategy must form part of government’s strategic


approach to globalisation to ensure that we benefit from these processes and

not suffer deleterious effects. More than just an economic imperative, the

deracialisation and engendering of our economy is a moral requirement in

keeping with the values and principles of equity enshrined in our Constitution.

1.8 Progress has been recorded in undoing the legacy of the past, however, the

extent to which this economic success has been shared by all of our people is
still inadequate for the requirements of a stable and prosperous society. The time
is right for the introduction of a comprehensive and focused strategy for broadbased

black economic empowerment.

1.9 Black economic empowerment is already an unfolding process in our economy,
however, this document outlines the more comprehensive and focused strategy

that is now needed and adds impetus to the process by providing greater clarity

and certainty. The document begins with an analysis of the legacy of dispossession

and disempowerment that characterised our economic development until 1994.

It is essential that we understand this in order to comprehend actions which are

needed for success. The steps taken to overcome this legacy are examined and

lessons from this experience are extracted.


Notes
South Africa’s Economic Transformation: A Strategy for Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment
12
A STRATEGY FOR BROAD-BASED BLACK ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 In the previous chapter it had been established that South Africa needs a focused
BEE strategy to achieve the broad-based economic empowerment of black
persons - a generic term, which means indigenous Africans, Coloureds and
Indians - in our country. This will facilitate growth, development and stability in our
economy. This chapter sets out the core components of such a strategy in order
to provide greater clarity and a measure of certainty to the process of BEE which
is currently unfolding.
3.1.2 This chapter will outline government’s approach to the definition and
measurement of BEE as well as the policy instruments that will be utilised
to achieve our objectives. The strategy also emphasises the importance of a
partnership approach to achieving BEE and as such the document specifically
addresses the question of sector charters and partnerships. The financing of
BEE is also discussed and the financial instruments are spelt out in the attached
appendices.
3.2 Defining Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment
3.2.1 The challenge in defining black economic empowerment is to find the appropriate
balance between a very broad definition and an overly narrow one. To define
BEE too broadly equates BEE with economic development and transformation
in general. The strategy is then commensurate with the totality of government’s
programme of reconstruction and development. To define BEE too narrowly
limits it to a set of transactions transferring corporate assets from white to black
ownership.
3.2.2 Accordingly, government defines BEE as an integrated and coherent socioeconomic
process that directly contributes to the economic transformation of
South Africa and brings about significant increases in the numbers of black
people that manage, own and control the country’s economy, as well as significant
decreases in income inequalities.
3.2.3 Thus BEE process will include elements of human resource development,
employment equity, enterprise development, preferential procurement, as well as
investment, ownership and control of enterprises and economic assets.
3.3 Policy objectives of BEE
The successful implementation of the BEE strategy will be evaluated against the
following policy objectives:
• A substantial increase in the number of black people who have ownership and
control of existing and new enterprises,
• A substantial increase in the number of black people who have ownership and
control of existing and new enterprises in the priority sectors of the economy that
government has identified in its microeconomic reform strategy2 ,
• A significant increase in the number of new black enterprises, black-empowered
enterprises and black-engendered enterprises,
• A significant increase in number of black people in executive and senior
management of enterprises,
2 These sectors include agriculture and agro-processing, mining, minerals and metals beneficiation, clothing and textiles, automobiles
and components, aerospace, information and communication technology sector, chemicals, cultural industries including media, film,
music and crafts, as well as high value-added services.


Notes
13
• An increasing proportion of the ownership and management of economic
activities vested in community and broad-based enterprises (such as trade
unions, employee trusts, and other collective enterprises) and co-operatives
• Increased ownership of land and other productive assets, improved access
to infrastructure, increased acquisition of skills, and increased participation in
productive economic activities in under-developed areas including the 13 nodal
areas identified in the Urban Renewal Programme and the Integrated Sustainable
Rural Development Programme,
• Accelerated and shared economic growth,
• Increased income levels of black persons and a reduction of income inequalities
between and within race groups.
3.4 Key principles
The strategy is underpinned by four key principles.
3.4.1 Black Economic Empowerment is broad-based.
Societies that are characterised by racial or ethnically defined wealth disparities
are not likely to be socially and politically stable. The process of BEE seeks to
accelerate the deracialisation of the South African economy and fast track the
re-entry of historically marginalised communities into the mainstream of the
economy.
3.4.2 Black Economic Empowerment is an inclusive process.
A more equitable economy will benefit all South Africans, individuals and
enterprises. The process of BEE is an inclusive one, and all enterprises
operating within South Africa can, and indeed should, participate in this process.
This strategy will be implemented throughout all sectors of the economy and
is not limited only to those enterprises that derive income from government
procurement or those where the sector is regulated by government.
3.4.3 Black Economic Empowerment is associated with good governance.
A fundamental part of our economic reform and transformation is improving
the quality and transparency of all economic activity. Accordingly, BEE must
be associated with and ensure the highest standards of corporate governance.
Concerted efforts will be made to ensure that the quality of corporate boards
and governance is improved.
3.4.4 Black Economic Empowerment is part of our growth strategy.
3.4.4.1 Economic growth, development and BEE are complementary and related
processes. Government’s approach is that BEE must be an inclusive process
and not an exclusive process. No economy can grow by excluding any part of its
people and an economy that is not growing cannot integrate all of its citizens in a
meaningful way. As such this strategy stresses a BEE process that is associated
with growth, development and enterprise development, and not merely the
redistribution of existing wealth.
3.4.4.2 New, inclusive patterns of wealth accumulation must come from both existing
economic activity and new economic activity. Thus we need higher levels of
investment that generates a substantial amount of new economic activities. At
the same time, ownership patterns must change.
3.4.4.3 An effective and successful process of BEE and accelerated economic growth
are mutually reinforcing objectives. The absence of shared economic growth will
Notes
South Africa’s Economic Transformation: A Strategy for Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment
14
continue to generate a lower rate of growth as it will continue to restrict levels of
demand in the economy, in turn reducing the multiplier effects of investment and
the accelerator effects of higher levels of domestic consumption.
3.4.4.4 The deracialisation of our economy is geared towards enhancing the economic
growth of the country. In accordance with this principle, BEE will be pursued in
such a way as to ensure that where ownership is transferred the proceeds from
the sale of assets are reinvested in the South African economy.
3.4.4.5 In order to grow our economy, more enterprises are needed to produce valueadded
goods and services, to attract investment, to employ more of our people in
productive activities. Thus, a core component of the BEE strategy is the creation
and nurturing of new enterprises undertaking new forms of economic and value-
adding activities. We seek in BEE a new vitality in our economy by facilitating new
entrants to all aspects of the economy.
3.5 Policy instruments to achieve BEE
3.5.1 Government will utilise a number of policy instruments to achieve its objectives
in respect of BEE. These include legislation and regulation, preferential
procurement, institutional support, financial and other incentive schemes. In
addition, government will seek partnerships with the private sector to accelerate
the BEE process.
3.5.2 Legislation
Government will introduce into Parliament a Broad-Based Black Economic
Empowerment Bill to establish an enabling framework for the promotion of BEE
in South Africa. In particular, the legislation will allow the Minister of Trade and
Industry to issue guidelines and codes of good practice on BEE, as well as
establish a BEE Advisory Council to advise the President on the implementation
of BEE and related matters.
3.5.3 Regulation
Government will utilise various regulatory means to achieve its BEE objectives.
3.5.3.1 Government will use a ‘balanced scorecard’ to measure progress made in
achieving BEE by enterprises and sectors. The use of a common scorecard by
different stakeholders provides a basic framework against which to benchmark
the BEE process in different enterprises and sectors. The scorecard will measure
three core elements of BEE:
• Direct empowerment through ownership and control of enterprises and
assets,
• Human resource development and employment equity,
• Indirect empowerment through preferential procurement and enterprise
development.
3.5.3.2 The scorecard also allows government departments, state-owned enterprises,
and other public agencies, to align their own procurement practices and individual
BEE strategies. The scorecard also facilitates the process of setting measurable
targets for BEE.
3.5.3.3 The scorecard will be issued as a Code of Good Practice in terms of the
forthcoming enabling legislation. The code will allow for a measure of flexibility in
order that it can be adapted to the particular circumstances of specific sectors or
enterprises, while at the same time bringing a measure of standardisation to the
definition and measurement of BEE.

---

quote:

---

Blacks are getting poorer in South Africa while whites are getting richer, a new survey has found.

Incomes in South African black households fell by 19% between 1995 and 2000, while white household incomes rose by 15%, according to the development research body id21.

Last year, two out of three black households in Cape Town townships did not have enough food to eat.

"On a psychological identity level, political liberation did mean a lot," the report's co-author Cobus de Swardt told BBC News Online.

The bottom two-thirds of black people in South Africa have seen a substantial decline in their incomes as linked to inflation
Cobus de Swardt
"But poor black people are still isolated from the dynamic economic centres."

The research, carried out by the University of Western Cape, surveyed black townships around Cape Town, where it found 76% of households living below the poverty line of R352 ($42) per month.

Over half of these households had no waged income, and almost one third reported that the main breadwinner had lost a job in the previous year.

---

quote:

---

However, the SAIRR Survey 2002/03, published in 2004, suggests that income
accruing to the upper middle strata is increasing, while the share of that of the lower
middle strata is decreasing. Hence, average annual income of heads of households
from managerial, professional, technical and administrative grades increased from
R116 000 per year to R150 000 (29,3%) between 1995 and 2000 (at year 2000 market
prices), while decreasing from R79 000 to R59 000 for those from clerical and
sales grades.
The recent study of 750 black professionals aged 21 – 39 years in the LSM7 by the
School of Management Studies of the University of Cape Town suggests that black
South Africans are the future engine/stimulus of the growth of the economy.

---

quote:

---

JOHANNESBURG, Oct 16 (IPS) - Twelve years after the demise of apartheid, poverty remains one of the main challenges facing South Africa -- although opinions vary about how widespread it is.

"Poverty has increased in all the racial groups. A lot of people in each of these racial groups experience the same problems," Hassen Lorgat, in charge of campaigns and communications at the South African National NGO Coalition (SANGOCO), told IPS. This body is headquartered in the financial hub of Johannesburg.

Greg Ruiters of the Institute for Social and Economic Research at Rhodes University, in the Eastern Cape province, has a slightly different view.

"Absolute poverty is not as bad as it used to be under apartheid," he said in an interview with IPS. But,"Relative poverty between the rich and poor is increasing. This is worrying."

The Congress of South African Trade Unions links poverty to joblessness.

"Unemployment, whether you take the strict figure of 27 percent which excludes those too discouraged to look for work, or the more realistic expanded definition of 41 percent, is still far too high," Bheki Ntshalintshali, deputy general secretary of the organisation, told the South African Municipal Workers Union in the coastal city of Port Elizabeth this August.

"Too many of our families and communities suffer the misery of grinding poverty simply because there are no jobs to bring in money to put food on the table."

Poverty levels also result from the lingering effects of institutionalised segregation, which locked black South Africans out of the economy to a large degree.

"I don't think the situation has changed," Cathy Gush, director of the Centre for Social Development at Rhodes University, told IPS. "From experience in the communities we work in, the situation hasn't improved."

A discussion document, the 'Macro-Social Report', published by government in June, also highlights the challenges that lie ahead in helping majority blacks to escape poverty.

"While there has been a significant and rapid advance of Africans into and within the middle strata, the reality is that the population belonging to the strata among Africans is 7.8 percent, while it is 15.6 percent for coloureds (mixed race), 20.7 percent for Indians and 33 percent for whites," the report notes.

Blacks make up 78 percent of South Africa's population of 46.9 million people, whites 9.6 percent, coloureds 8.9 percent and Indians 2.5 percent, according to official statistics.

The factors underpinning poverty in South Africa and other parts of the world will come under the spotlight Tuesday, during the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty.

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
The mid-2007 population is estimated at approximately 47,9 million. (The census figure for October 2001 was 44,8 million.) Africans are in
the majority (nearly 38,1 million) and constitute 80 percent of the total South African population.
Fifty-one per cent (approximately 24, 3 million) of the population is female.
The provincial estimates show that KwaZulu-Natal has the largest share of the population (approximately 21%), followed by Gauteng (20%).

http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/statskeyfindings.asp?PPN=P0302&SCH=3952

you could always find someone who says nothing has change.whites say that too in america and they have nothing to complain baout really except they power in the world going down.

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
IN FACT it will take time for the average black family to make as much as white but on thing is overlooked,the growth of the wealth has to get larger an the need for more ownership,but even if this gap closes there will still be those who were damage from the past and will never trust any system.whites are the small group and are highly educated so of course they would have %wise higher incomes than most in the country.even if most of the wealth was under control of blacks.it is not necessary for blacks has awhole to out do whites in the income department, or at least anytime soon.asians in the u.s. have higher incomes than whites in america on average but that does not mean they control the country or most of the land or businesess.

just because you control the land or most of it or most of the resoures does not mean you can't have much or most of the pie.it is other factors that come in to play.

blacks in england to better than whites and are called the asians of britian,whatever that mean.so it is not as simlple as certain folks try to make it.i guess you could anything on the computer to support your views.that is what you are about always talking and finding negative stuff.i am aware of the negative but when i post updated news for 2007 or 08 you give stuff from 2000 an earlier.i guess you do not believe in updates.i guess that's your job. black bussinese are being craeted and blacks are being push in to white owned companies more and more so you get enough in so they could take over in time but you want it the quick way and to mess up the master plan.you have to think ahead.and alot id happening and many are Benefiting that is the point i disagree with you on and you are stuck on this,no no they are not.well they are and they will do fine with out you.i am done.bye
anyway-


Key findings: P0302 - Mid-year population estimates, 2007
The mid-2007 population is estimated at approximately 47,9 million. (The census figure for October 2001 was 44,8 million.) Africans are in
the majority (nearly 38,1 million) and constitute 80 percent of the total South African population.

Fifty-one per cent (approximately 24, 3 million) of the population is female.
The provincial estimates show that KwaZulu-Natal has the largest share of the population (approximately 21%), followed by Gauteng (20%).


Black S. Africans Benefit From Economy

Thursday September 27, 6:15 am ET

By Celean Jacobson, Associated Press Writer
Business in Soweto Booms As Black South Africans Reap the Benefits of Growing Economy /


"The Black Middle Class is a mirage,” a caller emphatically announced as I tuned into a radio talk show recently.
What was being discussed was BusinessMap’s recent research report BEE 2007 - Empowerment and its
Critics. The report analyses the number of Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) equity deals that have taken



The Black Middle Class: fact or fiction?
Friday, 11 May 2007

"The Black Middle Class is a mirage,” a caller emphatically announced as I tuned into a radio talk show recently. What was being discussed was BusinessMap’s recent research report BEE 2007 - Empowerment and its Critics. The report analyses the number of Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) equity deals that have taken place over the past year. However the interview didn't really focus on this aspect, but rather around whether a significant Black Middle Class was emerging in South Africa.

As many callers phoned in to say it was a mirage, as phoned in to say it was a reality.

Clearly it would be inappropriate to use as the measure the number of BEE deals brokered, but are there other measures that give real evidence of this emerging group of people?

Let's begin by agreeing that the middle-class is generally accepted as Living Standards Measures (LSM’s) 7, 8 & 9, families that earn between R6,880 and R12,647 per month. LSM’s are researched annually by the South African Advertising Research Foundation and range from Level 1 to Level 10 with Level 1 and 2 being extreme poverty, Level 3 being poor, Level 4,5 & 6 being lower income, Level 7, 8 & 9 being middle income and Level 10 being upper income.

The chart below was produced by the South African Advertising Research Foundation and illustrates how the demographics of families residing at each level have changed between 1994 and 2006.

SA Good News"The rich have become richer and the poor, poorer,” another caller announced as I listened further on the radio talk show. But the table above tells a different story. Yes, the richer have become richer, but the poor have not become poorer. On the contrary, it is estimated that some 500,000 families have moved out of LSM’s 1, 2 & 3 in to LSM’s 4, 5 & 6 and that some 400,000 families have moved out of LSM’s 4, 5 & 6 into LSM’s 7, 8 & 9. What has happened though is that the rich have become richer faster than the poor have become less poor. This was covered recently in the Sunday Times in a report which stated that South Africa is one of the most upwardly mobile societies in the world!

Is there evidence of this? Absolutely. Car sales in South Africa have gone from 365,000 new units in 2003 to 730,000 new units sold last year (2,000 new cars on our roads each day!). What’s more, eighty percent of the buyers were black. The sale of home appliances is also exploding and our property price improvement tops the global rankings. While there is a reasonable supply of houses in the R2m plus bracket at the top end, and in the R50 000 to R400 000 bracket at the bottom end, there is a chronic shortage of mid-priced houses – further evidence of a growing middle class. Once again, most of these aspirant owners are black. There are an estimated 23 million cell phone users in the country. The tax net has grown from 2.3 million taxpayers in 1994 to nearly 7 million today, and this is expected to grow to 10,5 million by 2010. Do the maths – the numbers indicate a growing middle class!

Need further evidence? Read the article in the FM entitled Soweto rising which tells us that there has been a huge economic turnaround in Soweto, most evident in the dramatic growth in retail space. Shopping malls are popping up everywhere, with more planned. Until about five years ago, infrastructural development and private investment was considered too risky. This perception changed when studies showed that the living standards of many blacks were moving up to the “middle class level”. Various malls around Soweto are now providing shopping and entertainment previously only available in the leafy suburbs.

Our economy is now growing at around 5%, whereas our population is predicted to stabilise at between 45m and 48m people over the next 20 years. (Our population is growing at less than 1% per annum, not because of HIV/Aids - although that has an influence - but mostly because of rapid urbanisation and improved education opportunities). Our economy is growing five times faster than our population and it doesn’t take a rocket scientist to work out what the implications are. Most economists feel that our economic prospects will remain good for the next 20 years!

Clearly we still have a massive problem in respect of poverty in South Africa with at least 20% of our population languishing in LSM levels 1,2 & 3, but 10 years ago that number was approximately 40%. I have written much about poverty previously and I certainly do not underestimate the challenge that this presents. Having said that, the fact that the government spends R80bn a year on social grants, benefiting approximately 11 million adults and children “at the bottom of the pile” (surprisingly this is not taking into account when poverty levels are measured) must be factored into the "poverty debate", and “measure” for that matter.

Is a middle-class important in our fledgling democracy? Well, what is happening in South Africa, unlike many other African countries is that economic opportunity, as opposed to political connectedness, is increasingly being realised as an opportunity for prosperity. It is often said that in developing countries, politics drives economics, whereas in developed countries, the opposite holds true. Obviously, the greater the size of the middle-class, the more this pendulum will shift in favour of the latter.

It goes without saying that middle-class people have a lifestyle they wish to protect against the uncertainties of boom/ bust economic practice, rampant inflation and deteriorating currency valuation. Hopefully they will use their vote to ensure this.

The middle-class has a vested interest in the future, the future of their children, of schooling, of health institutions, of infrastructure, of political stability and of economic well-being. This creates upward pressure on delivery; better shops, higher quality entertainment, working infrastructure, good schools, safe amenities, and professional healthcare.

THIS IS WHERE JOBS FOR THE “LOST GENERATION” ARE CREATED.

The South African economy is increasingly becoming service oriented, only 12% of GDP is contributed to by the mining sector, and 20% of GDP by manufacturing. A substantial 68% of GDP is therefore contributed to by the services sector.

What kind of people are employed there? Skilled professionals.

What group of people is unemployed in South Africa? Largely unskilled people with a poor education, the "lost generation" as they are often referred to. How will they be employed? By middle-class people who have a requirement for the services they can offer as waiters, shop assistants, domestic helpers, gardeners, cleaners, security guards etc. (These may be considered to be ordinary jobs, but they do represent the first rung on the ladder out of the poverty trap and they do give the incumbents a real chance to give their children a chance. For more on this, read Jeffrey Sachs’ book The End of Poverty.)

It is often said that for every skilled person entering the economy between four and six unskilled jobs are created. That is why the growth of a middle-class is so important.

Various estimates indicate that our economy currently has a million jobs unfilled. (Wake up Home Affairs, go away those naysayers who argue that whites can't get jobs!). Imagine if these jobs could be filled in the next five years. Imagine how that would dent unemployment!

Is there a growing middle-class? Absolutely.

Is it the solution to poverty and unemployment? Only partially.

Is it good for our country? Fundamentally.

Will it continue to grow? Sure, provided we can produce the skills and maintain economic growth levels and between

between 4% and 6%.



Rate this Article

* Currently 0.0/5 Stars.
* 1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* 5

Rating: 0.0/5 ( votes cast)
Home arrow Newsletters arrow The Black Middle Class: fact or fiction?
Subscribe to our weekly newsletter

Sign up to receive a dose of good news delivered to your inbox free!
RSS Feeds

Subscribe to our good news feed
Daily Email Updates

Receive the good news daily as
an email.

Fast Facts & Quick Stats About SA


South Africa 2014: The Story of our Future
South Africa 2014

South Africa: The Good News is South Africa's premier good news portal.


SA's big spenders drive economic growth

Wednesday, 07 November 2007
Over the past seven years South Africa’s black population has steadily risen in high income earning brackets
and has also become South Africa’s biggest spenders, aMarket Research (BMR).according to the University of South Africa’s Bureau of
The BMR’s integrated model of the South African population, labour market and income and expenditure
revealed that the white population still remains the wealthiest in the country. But the survey also shows some
parity between black and white income earners particularly in the R100K – R300K bracket. Blacks account for
1.4 million of this group and whites, 1.3 million. Project Leader Professor Carl van Aardt highlights this as an
indication of dramatic economic growth in the black population.
The report also shows that the black population leads the pack in household expenditure, spending R550

billion this year, followed by whites whose expenditure amounted to R506 billion
Van Aardt believes that the BMR’s investigation into income and expenditure is a more realistic assessment of
the affluence of South African consumers, the sophistication of the markets and a more comprehensive
estimate of the actual size of the country’s GDP and thus allowing for more accurate future projections.
We can expect South Africa’s current growth rate at 4.5% to sustain itself over the medium term due to the fact
for more accurate future projections.


“We can expect South Africa’s current growth rate at 4.5% to sustain itself over the medium term due to the fact
South Africa is a consumption driven economy and black consumers will keep growing,” says van Aardt.
Medium to long term growth will be driven by government capital expenditure as we progress towards the 2010
World Cup, explains van Aardt.
Van Aardt confidently states that South Africa is not headed in the direction of Zimbabwe. “The Zimbabwean
economy is dependant on basic commodities, agriculture and mining while the South African economy is very
diversified. Even if one sector took a knock there would be other factors in place to hold our economy together.”
Though we face positive prospects, van Aardt warns that some of South Africa’s biggest problems could
threaten economic growth. Both foreign portfolio and direct investment are vulnerable to crime. A loss in these

foreign investments could see South Africa experience a big “economic hiccup”.
The Human Sciences Research Council’s HIV Prevalence Report (2002 and 2005) showed that infections are
on the rise amongst the affluent and skilled. This is a major threat to the economy.

Though the number of historically disadvantaged South Africans moving into higher earning brackets is on the
increase, “the number of people in poverty has stagnated. We have people trapped in poverty,” says Van Aardt.
He attributes this to the skills shortage in South Africa and the mismatch between skills available and skills
required.

SA among world’s freer economies

Wednesday, 05 March 2008
Economic freedom in South Africa is considered to be higher than that of the world average, according to

Heritage Foundation’s 2008 Index of Economic Freedom.
With a score of 63.2%, South Africa’s levels of economic freedom are above the world average of 60.3%. South
Africa earned a global ranking of 57, making it the fourth freest economy of the 40 African countries that were
surveyed. The Africa rankings were topped by Mauritius (18), Botswana (36) and Uganda (52).
South Africa ranked higher than emerging market competitors Brazil (101), India (115), China (126) and Russia
134).


Blacks flourishing
SOWETO, South Africa - Black South Africans are reaping the benefits of a growing economy,
and at the heart of it is Soweto, where Nelson Mandela presided over the gala opening of a
multimillion-dollar mall yesterday. The sprawling township that was the center of the anti-apartheid
struggle is being transformed, with new houses, new parks and paved roads.

---

Posts: 2688 | Registered: Jul 2004  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
my early post

But the table above tells a different story. Yes, the richer have become richer, but the poor have not become poorer.

---

quote:

---

These age and gender patterns of entrepreneurial activity are similar for those in all
the GEM countries combined. Figure six shows:
• racial differences in levels of entrepreneurial activity: with more than
double among the whites (10,1%) and Indians (10,3%) than among
Africans (4,6%)
• locational differences are more striking: nearly 10% of metro adults are
engaged in a start-up or new firms, while in rural areas it’s fewer than 2%.
The low TEA index for black adults is explained in part by the fact that the black
population is concentrated disproportionately in rural areas, where rates of
entrepreneurial activity may be lower due to low economic activity.

---

quote:

---

With regard to labour market outcomes, the LFS 2005 showed that the
unemployment rate according to the official definition among Africans remained
higher than among Indian/Asian, coloured and white people by a large margin. For
example, in September 2005, the unemployment rate among black Africans was
31,5% against 22,4% among coloured people and 5,1% among white people. Over
the period, the unemployment rate for black Africans decreased by 4,4%, increased
marginally for coloured people, decreased by 2,6% for Indian/Asian and decreased
marginally for whites.
...
The racial imbalance is further reflected in the irony that 50% of Africans live in
households of four or more people compared with only 30% of whites. Yet, in terms
of the number of rooms available to households, 73% of Africans have four or less
rooms (including kitchens and where applicable, toilets) while 86% of white people
have four or more rooms in a household.
In terms of access to electricity, 40% of Africans use it as the energy source for
cooking, while for whites the percentage is 96,6%.
Many other indicators can be used to illustrate this disparity. At the level of ownership
and/or control of wealth, the proportion of senior management who are black in
all senior management positions increased by 8,4% (percentage points) between
2000 and 2004; while for whites a decrease of 8,6% was recorded over the same
period. (See tables eight – 10).
...
One of the major consequences of this race-based system of economic power, in the
context of political democracy, is the dichotomy in leadership between political
institutions (predominantly black) and economic institutions (predominantly white).

---

quote:

---

Main social trends
South Africa has experienced an improvement in the quality of life of the majority of
citizens, but the backlogs – defined still in terms of race – remain huge. For those on
the lowest rung of the socio-economic ladder, there are manifestations of a poverty
trap influenced by such factors as education, gender and geographic location and
reflected in income, access to opportunities and assets – an expression of two
economies in one country.
The system has in the past decade shown a vibrant tendency to provide welcome
possibilities, especially where educational opportunities have been provided. The
mass migration into the middle strata and beyond, among those who were squashed
under the glass ceiling of apartheid is a reflection both of ‘normalisation’ and the
expansion of opportunity. However, inequality even within these strata seems to be
increasing.
Data suggests low economic activity and a spirit of entrepreneurship, particularly
among African and coloured communities, especially in rural areas. Artisanship and
self-employment seem not to be widespread.
Massive migration to areas with higher economic potential confirms the artificiality of
the apartheid economic geography, and puts high on the agenda the issue of spatial
planning.
The programmes of the democratic Government have put quite a high premium on
equity as it applies to targeted groups, including women, children and people with
disability. The impact has been discernible, but from a low base. The variety of other
social trends such as migration, the poverty trap, and weak social networks affect
these groups even more keenly.

---

quote:

---

Overview

The unemployment rate in South Africa is one of the highest in the world, 36% to 42% since the year 2000 using the broad definition. Even according to the narrow definition, which applies a job-search test, 25-30% of adults who wanted work and actively looked for it were unemployed. Moreover, the unemployment rates for different groups reveal great disparity in the incidence of unemployment. Given the importance of employment income in total household income in South Africa, the varying incidence of unemployment across different groups has important implications for the distribution of income and for the incidence of poverty. It is of policy interest to know how the incidence of unemployment varies by worker characteristics. That is, what attributes are associated with being able to avoid unemployment. Moreover, it is of particular interest, in the South African context, to examine to what extent differences in the productive and other observed characteristics of blacks and whites explain the race gap in unemployment. If the black-white differences in observed characteristics do not explain all the race-gap in unemployment rate, then this could be due either to labour market discrimination against blacks or due to the fact that some important characteristics that differ between blacks and whites are unobserved. For example, black and white labour force participants may have faced different school quality when they were of school-going age.

In this research, being undertaken by Geeta Kingdon and John Knight, the determinants of both entry into, and the duration of, unemployment in South Africa are being investigated using data from 1993, 1994 and 1997. The research aims to paint a picture of the distribution of unemployment in South Africa, asking the question ‘who are the unemployed?’ and identifying the characteristics that make a person more likely to be unemployed.

It is found that unemployment is very inequitably distributed in South Africa and certain groups are much more likely to enter it, and to stay in it, than others (Table below). Young uneducated Africans living in homelands and remote areas are most vulnerable to unemployment. There are two particularly striking features of South African unemployment: firstly, the fact that rural unemployment rates are higher than urban rates is atypical among countries and is explained by historical policies restricting mobility. Secondly, the majority (62%) of the unemployed have never held a job before, i.e., they entered unemployment from the time of entering the labour force. The very long duration of unemployment (>1 year) among a high proportion (68%) of the unemployed suggests that the demand-side of the labour market is responsible for a good part of the unemployment.

---

quote:

---

Recent estimates of poverty show that the proportion of people living in poverty has not changed much since the mid 1990s. At the same time, however there is evidence that those living in poverty have sunk deeper into poverty and the gap between rich and poor has widened. Moreover, whereas in the apartheid era, there was a definite racial cast to the distribution of wealth and poverty, today, there is a growing stratification within African ethnic groups along class lines, with the noveau rich on the top and the abjectly poor on the bottom.

In 2001 it was estimated that 57% of South Africa's population lived below the poverty line. Sixty-one percent of Africans and 38% of coloreds were poor, compared to five percent of Indians and one percent of whites. Limpopo and the Eastern Cape had the highest proportion with 77% and 72% of their populations living below the poverty line. The Western Cape, where the largest percentage of White English speakers is concentrated had the lowest proportion of people below the poverty line. Significantly the largest concentration of people in urban areas who were below the poverty line was at 85% in Ntabankulu in Eastern Cape and the lowest was in the city of Stellenbosch in the Western Cape.

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
the report you post is not that much different than what i posted doug,but there is one big diffence that is a 2001 report and i saw it that is why i di not post it. i was going to do it put it was different from the lastest reports below and what posted above.my info says that there has been even mor progress since 2001 up to now.so no i do not have my head in the sky but you will if you kept on playing with me.
only kidding with that last part.


anyway here are facts like it or not.

SA Good News"The rich have become richer and the poor, poorer,” another caller announced as I listened
further on the radio talk show. But the table above tells a different story. Yes, the richer have become
richer, but the poor have not become poorer.
What has happened though is that the rich have become richer faster than
the poor have become less poor. This was covered recently in the Sunday Times in a report which stated
that South Africa is one of the most upwardly mobile societies in the world!


Need further evidence? Read the article in the FM entitled Soweto rising which tells us that there has been a
huge economic turnaround in Soweto, most evident in the dramatic growth in retail space. Shopping malls
are popping up everywhere, with more planned. Until about five years ago, infrastructural development and
private investment was considered too risky. This perception changed when studies showed that the living

standards of many blacks were moving up to the “middle class level”. Various malls around Soweto are now

providing shopping and entertainment previously only available in the leafy suburbs.


my comment - the south african population growth rate 1% a year so it will grow more than 48 million.it may reach 55 million to maybe 56 million by 2020

South Africa has experienced an improvement in the quality of life of the majority of
citizens, but the backlogs – defined still in terms of race – remain huge. For those on
the lowest rung of the socio-economic ladder, there are manifestations of a poverty


this is what you posted aboved


global rankings. While there is a reasonable supply of houses in the R2m plus bracket at the top end, and in the
R50 000 to R400 000 bracket at the bottom end, there is a chronic shortage of mid-priced houses – further
evidence of a growing middle class. Once again, most of these aspirant owners are black. There are an
estimated 23 million cell phone users in the country. The tax net has grown from 2.3 million taxpayers in 1994 to
nearly 7 million today, and this is expected to grow to 10,5 million by 2010. Do the maths – the numbers indicate
a growing middle class!


The middle-class has a vested interest in the future, the future of their children, of schooling, of health

institutions, of infrastructure, of political stability and of economic well-being. This creates upward pressure on
delivery; better shops, higher quality entertainment, working infrastructure, good schools, safe amenities, and

professional healthcare.

Is there a growing middle-class? Absolutely.
Is it the solution to poverty and unemployment? Only partially.

Is it good for our country? Fundamentally.

Will it continue to grow? Sure, provided we can produce the skills and maintain economic growth levels and

between 4% and 6%.


http://www.sagoodnews.co.za/newsletter_archive/the_black_middle_class_fact_or_fiction_.html

---

Posts: 2688 | Registered: Jul 2004  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
There are different numbers that have been out on the growing black middle class.it may be true that most blacks in south africa maybe poor but it is shrinking.the trick for this is getting more control of the economy and land and grow further as the years go by.this will take time.they would and are doing is getting as much as the pie as much as they can while creating anew pie.this is what they are doing,and it is the best way to go. they have only been free for less than 20 years.

A person awhile ago on a radio show from south africa mention that most blacks are not poor but there is a large number that still is.SO THERE is conflicting info and i see more clearly where it is coming from.

The best way to get a more clear picture is to contact the south african embassy.so instead of me going back and forth,it is best to get it from the source and that is what i will do after i post.I CONTACTED THEM BEFORE AND I WILL DO IT AGAIN.
I suggest everyone do the same because i will not come back to this thread,but it is clear progress is happening on all fronts and things will look different more so in 2008,2009,2010,20012,2015,2020 etc etc.

---

Posts: 2688 | Registered: Jul 2004  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

S. Africa's poor left behind as black middle class grows
font size ZoomIn ZoomOut

Income gap inside the African population, South Africa's major but traditionally disadvantaged group, is becoming wider as some get rich thanks to the government 's black empowerment policies but more are left far behind, a survey showed on Tuesday.

Inequality within the African population was greater than that in any other population group, which could be a potentially destabilizing factor for the country, the South African Institute of Race Relations said in Johannesburg while releasing its annual South Africa Survey series.

The survey found that levels of inequality, measured by the gini coefficient, had increased for all race groups except whites since 1996.

But the increases were most dramatic for the African population which saw levels of inequality rise by 21 percent to 0.64 on the gini coefficient since 1996. A score of 0 would indicate complete equality and 1 would indicate complete inequality.

Inequality within the colored community increased by 17 percent to 0.56, the Indian population recorded a 6 percent increase in inequality to 0.50 while the white community saw its levels of inequality decline by 2 percent to 0.44.

Jane Tempest, the head of the research, said growing inequality was in part an indication of the growth of the black middle class, which was a positive indicator.

But "the concern is that such growth has been accompanied by an increase in poverty among the lowest income groups," she told Xinhua. "The fact is the rich is getting richer and the poor getting poorer."

The African population, which makes up almost 80 percent of South Africa's total population, has been excluded from the mainstream economy for decades under white minority rule.

Only in recent years the black middle class, defined in South Africa as people who earn at least 154,000 rand (about 25,000 U.S. dollars) per year, has grown rapidly thanks mainly to the government's black empowerment policies intended to increase black participation in the mainstream economy.

But the black empowerment policies have drawn criticism even from the black people, who believe the policies benefit only a small group of black elite but leave the majority far behind.

Figures published in the South Africa Survey showed that the proportion of South Africans living on less than one dollar a day, the measure of absolute poverty, had more than doubled since 1994, which saw the election of Nelson Mandela as the country's first black president and the end of apartheid.

Using a different measure of poverty, 60 percent of black South African households lived on less than R2,899 (467 dollars) per month for a household of eight in 2004, up from 50 percent in 1996, while the proportion of white households under this standard rose from 2 percent to 4 percent.

Tempest explained with this amount of money South African families can only purchase essential goods, which is, though better than absolute poverty, still an indicator of poverty.

---

quote:

---

In 2001 it was estimated that 57% of South Africa's population lived below the poverty line. Sixty-one percent of Africans and 38% of coloreds were poor, compared to five percent of Indians and one percent of whites. Limpopo and the Eastern Cape had the highest proportion with 77% and 72% of their populations living below the poverty line. The Western Cape, where the largest percentage of White English speakers is concentrated had the lowest proportion of people below the poverty line. Significantly the largest concentration of people in urban areas who were below the poverty line was at 85% in Ntabankulu in Eastern Cape and the lowest was in the city of Stellenbosch in the Western Cape.

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:

...but most blacks in america do not seek either and will be always slaves and a footnote to another groups plans.example jazz is considered american music and not just black american music anymore and whites have or trying to claim it.it goes on and on and on.

---

Posts: 3423 | From: the jungle - when y'all stop playing games, call me. | Registered: Jul 2006  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
you mean the blacks and they white cronies.everything to you whites are in control.when blacks do get control of most of the wealth i have a funny feeling that will not be enought for you.you will say thier is no real progress because whites still are living in the country.it is a much roser picture than you realize.i just posted something up there. it says blacks are being affected by the postive changes in a significant way.if you do not want to believe that that i can't help you.this is it for now.


this is a website i just found.it mentions what was going in 1999.


Southern African Regional Poverty Network (SARPN) SARPN thematic photo
Home | Subscribe | Feedback | Contact SARPN | Site map Français Português
Country analysis > South Africa
leftnavspacer


Search



Related documents
The impact of growth and redistribution on poverty and inequality in South Africa, Jun 2007
Poverty and inequality impacts of Trade Policy Reforms in South Africa, May 2007
Reflections on poverty and inequality in South Africa: Policy considerations in an emerging democracy, 18 Sep 2006
Poverty and inequality: a question of rights, 2006
Social policy, gender inequality and poverty, Feb 2001

[previous] [table of contents] [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [next]

An overview of poverty and inequality in South Africa - Working Paper prepared for DFID (SA)

3. Who is poor in South Africa?

Living standards are closely correlated with race in South Africa. While poverty is not confined to any one racial group in South Africa, it is concentrated among blacks4, particularly Africans. According to the 1999 October Household Survey:

* 52% of Africans are poor5.


* While Africans make up 78% of the population, they account for 95% of the poor.


http://www.sarpn.org.za/documents/e0000006/page3.php


* 17% of Coloureds are poor, in comparison with rates of less than 5% among Indians and Whites.

The neat division of the South African population into only four race groups obscures the fact that there are some small ethnic minorities (such as the San) whose live in extreme poverty. These groups are not adequately captured in household surveys.

Since a household survey collects information principally at the household level, it cannot tell us much about the inequalities in resource allocations within households. When we talk about poor women, for example, we are talking about those women who are living in poor households. In reality, there may be many women who, although they live in non-poor households, should be counted as poor because of the inequalities in intra-household allocations. What does emerge clearly from the South African household surveys, however, is that households headed by women are more likely to be poor.

* A household headed by a resident male has a 28% probability of being poor, whereas a household with a de jure female head has a 48% chance of being poor and a household with a de facto female head (because the nominal male head is absent) has a 53% chance of being poor.6


* There are at least four factors at play here: female-headed households are more likely to be in the rural areas where poverty is concentrated, female-headed households tend to have fewer adults of working age, female unemployment rates are higher and the wage gap between male and female earnings persists [2].

Poor households lack access to basic services, although there have been remarkable strides in the provision of clean water and adequate sanitation since 1994. According to the OHS of that year, in 1999,

* 75% of the non-poor had electricity, compared with 27% of the poor;


* 73% of the non-poor had access to adequate sanitation (flush, Chemical or VIP toilet), compared with 38% of the poor;


* 77% of the non-poor have piped water, compared with 47% of the poor.7

There is a very strong correlation between educational attainment and standard of living (see Figure 2). According to the 1998 IES and OHS,

* 58% of adults with no education are poor;


* 53% of adults that have less than seven years of (primary) education are poor.


* 34% of adults with incomplete secondary schooling are poor;


* poverty rates drop significantly with the attainment of “matric” and further qualifications. 15% of those with completed high school are poor and only 5% of those with tertiary education are poor.8

Enrolment rates in South Africa are high and do not reflect gender bias: the gross primary enrolment for boys is 135% and 131% for girls [17], although this is hard to interpret because of high repeat rates. In 2000, 94% of boys and 95% of girls aged 8-16 were enrolled in school [14].

Poverty and morbidity and mortality are linked. The poor have particular difficulties in accessing health care because they do not have the most basic income for transport, food and basic clothing [15].

* 54 of every 1000 rural African infants dies before age 1; compared with 39 urban African infants and 11 White infants [6] (see Table 1).


* Child (under 5) mortality in the poorest province, Eastern Cape, is 81 per 1000, compared with 13 in the Western Cape [6].


* Health expenditure is 7% of GNP, but less than half of this is public spending [17].


* Less than one-fifth of South Africans belong to medical aid schemes, yet the private health care system employs 85% of pharmacists and 60% of medical specialists [7].


* There are health spending and service-level inequities between rural and urban areas. For example, in 1998 public health spending in the Grahamstown district is four times the level of the Mount Frere district [7].


* TB testing is available at 88% of urban clinics, but only at 59% of rural ones [7].


* Pap smears are only available at 29% of rural clinics, compared with 72% of urban clinics [7].


* In 2000, 25% of women attending antenatal clinics were HIV-positive. However, in KwaZulu-Natal 36% were infected, compared with less than 10% in the Western Cape [8].

South Africa has one of the highest per capita HIV prevalence and infection rates in the world with an HIV prevalence rate for adults of about 25 per cent in 2001. The comparative figure for the whole population was about 13 per cent. The percentage of adult deaths that could be attributed to AIDS-related diseases increased from about 9 per cent in 1995/1996 to about 40 per cent by 2000/2001. HIV/AIDS is impacting negatively on human capital realisation, skills availability and skills shortages in South Africa. HIV/AIDS will also have dire consequences for household income and household expenditure patterns [16].

Children are disproportionately represented among the poor.

* Almost 10 million (or 58% of) children are poor (using a relative poverty line which defines the poorest 40% of households as poor).


* Three-quarters of children (more than 2 million) in the Eastern Cape are poor.


* Around 30% of children in Eastern Cape, Limpopo and Free State are will not grow to their full potential (Health Systems Trust, 1998).


* The number of children orphaned by AIDS in South Africa may reach 1 million children by 2004. [1]9.

The disabled population are also disproportionately poor.

* The 1999 OHS suggests that while less than 2% of individuals living in households with monthly incomes above R10 000 are categorised as disabled, the disability rate was more than twice as high for individuals living in households with monthly incomes below R800 per month (in 1999 terms).

Not surprisingly, poverty and unemployment are closely linked. Table 2 shows that the unemployment rate among those from poor households is 52%, in comparison with an overall national rate of 29%. In addition, labour force participation is lower in poor than non-poor households. More than half of the working-age poor (or about 5 million adults) are outside of the labour market. As a result, the percentage of working age individuals from households below the poverty line that are actually working is significantly lower than average. Only 24% of poor adults (about 2 million people) are employed, compared with 49% (or 8 million) from non-poor households.

Figure 3 shows the differences between the sources of income for poor and non-poor households10 (where “poor” means below the higher poverty line defined above). It is clear that the poor are far more dependent on remittances and state transfers than the non-poor. What cannot immediately be seen from the graph is that poor households typically rely on multiple sources of income. This reduces risk, as the household is less vulnerable if it should experience a sudden loss of income from a particular source. Figure 3 again highlights the importance of wage income. Poor households are characterised by a lack of wage income, either as a result of unemployment or of low-paid jobs. The cost of unemployment goes further than loss of income and even feelings of personal worth. South Africa’s failure to socialise many young men, which is evident in the high rates of crime, alcohol abuse and family violence creates a vicious cycle of family breakdown [15].

Footnote:

4. The term “black” refers to Africans, Coloureds and Asians.
5. By poor we mean that household income is less than R800 per month (1999 Rands).
6. These figures are based on the PSLSD data as the 1995 OHS data did not make a distinction between de facto and de jure household heads.
7. The figure for access of the non-poor to safe water is up dramatically from the 1995 figure of only 28%.
8. The incidence of poverty among those with some tertiary education is largely accounted for by young adults that are still studying and thus not yet reaping the financial rewards of their education.
9. A cumulative number of 1.1 million children will likely be orphaned by AIDS within the next five years, but since approximately one-third of infants born to HIV-positive mothers are infected, without treatment, some infants who are destined to be orphans will also be diagnosed with AIDS themselves.
10. Capital income refers to income from sources such as dividends, interest and imputed rent. Imputed rent is the price attached to the benefit of owning the dwelling in which the household resides. The household is, in effect, renting the dwelling from itself.

[previous] [table of contents] [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [next]


Octoplus Information Solutions Top of page | Home | Contact SARPN | Feedback | Disclaimer Get Adobe Reader


since than the black middle class has grown so it is hard to know if the black poor is still 52%.remember it was higher in the older days under whites.the growth of the population has slowed down,but it was faster before that is one reason that it was harder to get more blacks in the middle class.and the economy slowed down in the 90's.now that the population is not growing as fast. I assume over the years more blacks will make even more so.
i think the poverty rate today maybe 40 TO 45% or .i will contact them directly for 2007 numbers the poor should go down further because the population slowed down but still growing.
the aids number went down to 11% or 10% or around there.ON THE BBC I REPORTER WAS TALKING TO A MAN LAST WEEK AND HE SAID THAT THE extreme poor(i am talking about black africans) is around 20% and the poor is 20%.if that's true than 55 to 60% are not poor.in chart i made further sense of it.it breaks down to extreme poor,poor,low income-middle income and rich or upper-class.
it seems that the low-income group breaks down to poor but not that poor and low-middle income.i will try to get a clear picture of that when i call,because that part of that low-income group does not belong in the poor group if the 40% number is right.

http://www.sarpn.org.za/documents/e0000006/page3.php


http://www.statssa.gov.za/PublicationsHTML/P0210March2007/html/P0210March2007.html

unempoyment rate-25% for black african men-25%
black african women-36.4

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
Not really .
America is really a white state and it does not matter if what obama does WIN he will not really change u.s. policy.The u.s. is really controlled LARGLY from behind the scenes and black america is not really going to change it FROM WITHIN.one reason is that black america has a whole has given up on the struggle and are too americanized AND THEY WANT TO FIT IN A SINKING SHIP.that's what i mean.

---

quote:

---

Since whites are still the majority it is going to really take them to really change policy againist israel for example or they mind set toward africa,asia etc..

---

quote:

---

Even if this major change happens even in africa AND IT'S HAPPENING in certain ways more than we realize,euro-america and it's euro allies will still be a danger to africa.As long as there are whites in large numbers, africa will always be in danger,in fact the world.

---

quote:

---

America is in it's last days and they will not go down with out a fight.Iraq is an example,but america can't pull that crap with china,russia,or any enough strong enough african states.someone said will iran be the next iraq?
well the only ones to make iran the next iraq is the iranians themselves.

If other states want to stop invasions from the u.s. you have to be strong enough or strong enough to come together to threaten the u.s. it's the only way to stop these u.s. invasions.

many countries these days are putting up less and less with the west and that's good news.let's hope they keep it up.

---

Posts: 951 | From: where rules end and freedom begins | Registered: Jun 2004  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by R U 2 religious:
kenndo wrote:
quote:
Even if this major change happens even in africa AND IT'S HAPPENING in certain ways more than we
realize,euro-america and it's euro allies will still be a danger to africa.As long as there are whites in large numbers,
africa will always be in danger,in fact the world.

---------------------------------------------------
This is where you are wrong at, there are as many or even less Europeans in Africa then there are Africans in the Americas. Brazil & United States along hold 120 million African Americans, there are not that many Europeans on a continent that hold 1 billion people and if there were, they are only 10% or less of Africa’s population. Power comes with Unity and if Africa united then there really wouldn’t be a problem. It’s the same in the Americas, if all those who were a victim of the Diaspora united, you would be look at well over 400 million African in European countries, yet we are powerless because we are not united. Europeans have allies, but AA & CA’s haven’t pushed hard-enough with our pan-African movements and thus Europeans are strong because they communicated while we as a whole look at each other imperfections and use them as weapons against each other. We as African American have more power then Europeans have in Africa. It is an illusion that Europeans have power to suppress or control the media when Africans can end that noise today.


! [/QB]

---

I agree with this. I was saying that europeans however are in large numbers in other areas on earth.like south america,europe and north america.
they will always be a danger as long as they exist.
we could look at their history.

I THINK HISPANICS ARE counted not as europeans except the white ones in america at least, but many hispanics of color have that european mindset,so you are right about that.


African americans and other blacks in THE U.S. make up about 38 to 40 million at least in THE U.S.BLACK BRAZILIANS AROUND 84 MILLIONAT LEAST.WHITES IN AMERICA I THINK ARE ABOUT 185 TO 190 MILLION OR AROUND THOSE NUMBER.IN BRAZIL IT'S AT LEAST 50 WHITES,BUT BRAZIL'S CENSUS I TRUST LESS THAN THE U.S. AND BLACKS IN BRAZIL HAVE MORE OF THE AFRICAN CULTURE MORE SO THAN BLACKS IN THE U.S. BUT THEY ARE NOT POLITICALLY ORGANIZED AS BLACKS IN THE U.S. AND THERE ARE OTHER ISSUES THERE BUT IF THEY GET THERE ACT TOGETHER THEY HAVE A BETTER CHANCE TO BE POLITICALLY FREE OR MORE FREE THAN BLACKS IN THE U.S. BECAUSE THE NUMBERS ARE MOSTLY THERE. IT WILL STILL BE HARD BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT A CLEAR MAJORITY,AND THEY ARE UNDER 50% IN COUNTRY THAT HAS AROUND 188 MILLION FOLKS.

SO I WOULD NOT SAY BLACKS WORLDWIDE ARE POWERLESS,BUT I WOULD SAY IN MANY OR MAYBE ALL WHITE RULED COUNTRIES MANY ACT POWERLESS.

nah,blacks should not save america.let it sink or blacks should create their own state in north america than they truly would be free or free enough or just leave america or both or give it back to the native americans.

Of course most blacks in america will not leave because they are too westenized and many need to be around white folks so most would not do africa any good with the current mindset that i do not see ever changing,so at least create a new country in north america or be doomed forever living under other folks rules.
peace.

Posts: 2688 | Registered: Jul 2004  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

THIS world is not fair at all, especially The African and Black World. Go every corner in their world you find that black natives are the ones who don’t benefit much from what our Creator has give them. This is contrary to the world govern by our fellow Whites.

In Japan, the Japanese run the economy, in Germany, the Germans hold and run the entire economy to own benefits. In America, the Americans, especially those with light skinned are the ones who chew freely the economy while the original natives- the Red Indians are segregated.

In India, the economy is for Indians and for the Indians themselves. They can give out some assistance to other countries, but there should be more Indians. Like they portraying in Tanzania.

All those nationals they are benefiting the diamonds, golds, oil, uranium, waters, lands and all sort of God-given natural resources.

In Africa, it’s very contrary to that. The economy, natural resources; golds, diamonds, lands, waters and the like are managed and benefiting light skinned comers.

Why aren't the Africans, Tanzanians to be precisely running the economy? This is the biggest challenge I faced the other day from an American friend who paid a visit to my office. He kept on asking questions. Why you people are so poor? Are you mean? Don’t you have committed leaderships?

He said, he would expect to see Tanzanians leading very nice life as they have all precious lands, weather, natural resources and the like.

Why are you so poor? I told him I don’t know just as President Jakaya Kikwete does. He don’t know either why are we so poor to the extent that people are not aware of their next meal when they get one.

In Tanzania, white people; includes Indians, Americans, Germans are made up about 4% of the population but controlled most of the economy. In Tanzania the populations nears 40 milion.

They control 25% of the land, 92% of the banking, all manufacturing, all tourism, 74 % of gold, diamond and Tanzanits reserves. Hivi sisi tumerogwa!

For leaving all those big percentage in hands of foreigners, no matter they have bought citizenships, black Tanzanias are going backwards, even though we occupy 90 % of the population."

We need economic consciousness and to mobilise one another's spirit. We need economic leadership for ownership and control and we must work at owning our own intellectual property. Tanzanians needed economic solidarity.

We need black economic solidarity so that we can support each other. Black people don't have solidarity like the white people do. Ni ubinafsi tu kwa kila mmoja. I wonder.

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Geita is a town in Tanzania of approximately 40,000 people, located 90 kilometers west of Mwanza. Geita first came into prominence as the site of a German colonial gold mine. A German gold prospector discovered the mineral in the early 1900s in the hills surrounding modern-day Geita town. This and other discoveries triggered a gold rush in the surrounding area, attracting German and native prospectors alike. The colonial government established a mine to exploit 'Bismarck Reef'. Mining activities significantly declined, however, when Germany ceded control of its colonies to the British after their defeat in World War I.

Geita regained it's prominence in the mid to late 1990s when the Tanzanian government opened the mineral sector to foreign investment. A number of medium to large-scale mining houses, including Ashanti and Anglo-American, conducted extensive exploration activities in the surrounding areas. The most significant outcome of those activities was the construction of the Geita Gold Mine, now owned by AngloGoldAshanti. The Geita Gold Mine is Tanzania's largest gold producer.

Gold rushes continue to occur in areas surrounding Geita, mainly in and around Rwamagasa and Matabe. These gold rushes have attracted tens of thousands of prospectors from all around the country. Being subsistence miners, their activities are highly unregulated, resulting in dangerous mining practices and considerable environmental destruction, not the least of which are increased mercury pollution and extensive deforestation.

Geita is also the district seat of the Geita District in the Mwanza Region.

---

quote:

---

Anglo American plc (LSE:AAL, JSE: ANGLO) is a world-wide group of companies, originally founded in South Africa as a mining enterprise but now extending into other areas. Natural resources remains the focus of its operations. Its headquarters are in London, UK with its primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

Sir Ernest Oppenheimer founded the Anglo American Corporation, a gold mining company, in 1917. The AAC became the majority stakeholder in the De Beers company in 1926. Two years later the AAC began mining in the Zambian copper belt. Anglo American merged with Minorco on May 24, 1999.[1] Its gold mining operations were spun off into the separate AngloGold corporation, which later merged with the Ashanti Goldfields Corporation to form AngloGold Ashanti.

The group's subsidiaries include Tarmac (UK), Copebras (Brazil), Anglo Platinum Ltd (South Africa). It also holds 45% of the diamond mining company De Beers.[2] The Mondi Group was spun out in 2007.

In August 2007 British charity War on Want published a report accusing Anglo American of profiting from the abuse of people in the developing countries in which the company operates. According to the charity, "in the Philippines and South Africa, local communities threatened with Anglo American mines have faced severe repression in their fight to stay on their land, while in Ghana and Mali, local communities see little of the huge profits being made by AngloGold Ashanti but suffer from fear and intimidation and from the damaging impact of its mines on their environment, health and livelihoods".[3]

Anglo American was also accused in 2007 of damageable environmental practices: in order to complete its planned Alaskan Pebble Mine in collaboration with Northern Dynasty Minerals, the global mining giant may build a massive dam at the headwaters of the world's largest sockeye salmon fishery, which it would risk obliterating.[4] Opponents are also pointing to the use of cyanide, heavy metals, and acid mine drainage which can all have potentially devastating effects on the pristine environment of the Bristol Bay area.

---

quote:

---

Why does Tanzania continue to be gripped by poverty?

2007-03-11 09:18:21
By Neema Sitta

Tanzania remains extremely poor, forty-five years after independence.

It lags behind all her neighbours; Kenya, Uganda, and Rwanda in terms of GDP (total value of the annual output of goods and services: excludes the foreign output of domestic firms and includes the domestic output of foreign firms.)

According to the current statistics from the World Bank, 2006 Report, Tanzania GDP was $ 800 last year, Uganda was $1, 800, Kenya $ 1, 200 and Rwanda, a landlocked country with poor resource had GDP of $ 1,600 twice of that of Tanzania.

Rwanda has been hailed by international community for its substantial progress in stabilizing and rehabilitating its economy to pre 1994 genocide levels.

Its economy has been growing and its GDP continues to multiply following political stability in the country.

The United Nations (2006) report on human development published early this year, has also mentioned Tanzania as one of the poorest nations on earth, placed the country on the bottom of the list, 47 out of 50 poor nations.

Tanzania is a rich resource country with almost every God given natural resources, raw materials, mining and sources of water. Tanzania is rich in gold, diamond, and the only country blessed for the most valuable stone in the Hollywood nowadays, Tanzanite.

Tanzania is not a landlocked country, which cuts cost for export and import of goods through our sources of water; the Indian ocean, the second world largest fresh water body, lake Victoria, and the second world deepest body of water, lake Tanganyika.

Forty five years after independence, Tanzania continues to depend heavily on agriculture, which accounts for about half of the GDP, about 82 percent of country export and 80 percent of the work force.

In this 21st century of science and technology, Tanzanians still lack any form of agricultural revolution, revolution that would have improved farming tools and introduced new farming technologies and hence increase productivity.

Local farmers continue to depend on a simple structure to cultivate the land, a hoe.

In a country that is heavily depended on agriculture for its survival and export of goods, why has it taken the government too long to upgrade and improve farming equipment used by local farmers?

How many more decades will the government need to introduce some form of agricultural revolution, which will not only improve productivity, but also standard of living, as farmers will have enough for the market and themselves.

It is time that the government introduces a national agricultural subsidy program.

If developed countries continue to provide farm subsidies to their farmers, big and small, why is it that our government has no program to provide fertilizers, improved seeds, insecticides and modern technologies for our farmers?

If we have failed in the manufacturing industry, in science and technology, the government has no option, but to create an environment that will promote sustainable agricultural revolution throughout the country for the sake of our economy and people of Tanzania.

Tanzania manufacturing industry and mining industry, both combined, contributed less than 13 percent of GDP last year, according to the official government website.

Manufacturing industry contributed only 9 percent of the GDP, with mining contributing only 3.5 percent of the GDP.

With the current climate changes and the very unpredictable rain season in the country each year, it is awfully hard to tell where Tanzania is heading.

When most developed countries have moved away from agriculture to manufacturing industry and technologies, how is Tanzania going to catch up with the rest of the world when manufacturing industry still counts for less than 10 percent of the GDP, with technologies counting for 0 percent of the GDP?

How much time and under what pace this country will need to reverse the pattern of national economy?

When will we be able to compete with Botswana mining industry, where gold alone accounts for more than 33 percent of the GDP?

Or when will we be able to compete with Namibia mining industry, which accounts for 20 percent of GDP?

Botswana and Namibia process own mining, does Tanzania has anything to learn from these countries?

Besides HIV/ AIDS pandemic in Botswana, the country has been hailed by the international community and international institutions as the most progressive in Africa with sound economic policies.

Botswana is a mid income country, with GDP of $11, 200.

Last year Botswana exported goods and services totalling $ 4.8 billion, while imported goods and services totalled $3.0 billion.

Namibia is another good example of an African country that has done wonderfully in the national economy.

Last year, Namibia GDP was $ 7,400 which is pretty high by African standards.

If Botswana and Namibia can do this, what excuses does Tanzania have?

It is true that Tanzania has made some progress in the past few years, but you cannot deny the fact that the current economic growth has yet to benefit the poor.

Many international reports have indicated that Tanzania continues to be poor with declining standards of living.
Economic disparities continue to widen up the gap between the rich and the poor.

The haves and the have nots have become a symbol of Tanzania, with many citizens losing hope for the future.

Standards of living have continued to decline, with this year inflation hitting the poor very badly and there is still no sign of light at the end of the tunnel.

More than 36 percent of the Tanzanian population still lives below poverty line, with life expectancy remaining at 44 for men and 46 for women, according to UNDP�s 2005 Human development report.

Why is Tanzania still behind all East African Countries? Why should Tanzania continue to be poor? Why does it that standards of living have continued to decline?

Why is Uganda, a country that has had a share of political instabilities, produce twice the capacity of Tanzania?

Rwandan GDP, a landlocked country with poor and limited resources is twice of that in Tanzania?

Is there any explanation to justify for the lack of employment, development and the declining standards of living for Tanzanians?

Last year, Tanzanian revenue was $2.4 billion, but spending was more than $3.0 billion, a deficit of more than 600 million dollars.

Trade deficit was $ 1.38 billion, while imports totalled $ 1.8 billion, and exports totalled $ 3.18 billion.

What should the public expect from the current trend of developments in Tanzania?

What has been the role of the public in questioning the government about lack of real change in the lives of Tanzanians?

What has been the role of the media in making sure that the government is accountable to the public?

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
African marine cable construction under way
TEAMS undersea fiber optic project will link east Africa to the Middle East and the rest of

the world.


By Michael Malakata , IDG News Service


Construction began this week on the 4,500-kilometer East African Marine System (TEAMS) undersea fiber optic
project that will link east Africa to the Middle East and the rest of the world, according to government officials.


Alcatel-Lucent will construct the cable, which should be operational in next year's
second quarter, for $82 million. The vendor won a tender for the project last year.
The cable will provide affordable international broadband connectivity to several
countries in east Africa, said Kenyan Minister of Information and Communication

Samuel Paghisio. The cable, Paghisio said, will initially have a capacity of 40GB but will

later be upgraded to 640GB.

"The cable will bring competition on the pricing of bandwidth, which means that

the cost of communication in the region will come down," Paghisio said.

The project is a joint venture between the Kenyan government and the United Arab
Emirates government through Etisalat Telecommunication. The two governments own

20 percent shares each in the project. Eighty percent of project shares have been

opened to the private sector.

The cable will run from Mombasa in Kenya to a global network of fiber-optic cables at

Fujairah, United Arab Emirates. The East African region includes Rwanda, Uganda,

Ethiopia, Sudan and Somalia.

Kenya is a member of the east African submarine cable system (EASSY), another

submarine cable project that will run parallel to TEAMS project under the Indian Ocean

from Durban, South Africa, to Port Sudan in Sudan and provide high speed Internet

connectivity. The EASSY project will connect 21 countries in the eastern and southern

Africa region to the rest of the world.

http://www.infoworld.com/article/08/01/18/African-marine-cable-construction-under-way_1.html


This Day (Lagos)

April 19, 2006
Posted to the web April 20, 2006

Lagos


The multi-lingual computer keyboard, invented by a Nigerian engineer, Mr. Walter Oluwole, has started selling in the United States.

According to Oluwole, based in the U.S., the product, named "Konyin"--meaning honey drops in Yoruba--has attracted encouraging patronage in the

U.S. where a marketing company has bought the right to market it.


"D&H, one of the largest national distributors of computer products in the U.S. has signed an agreement with the management of the Lagos Analysis
Corp. (LANCOR) Technologies to market the product in the US," he said.

The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) recalls that the keyboard was unveiled in Nigeria in April last year its commercial sales started in September, 2005.
The wireless and multimedia model of the keyboard sells for about $199, while the basic model goes for about $55, according to the company's price
list

"We expect the Konyin keyboard to become the de facto standard in PC keyboard in Nigeria and around the globe," Oluwole said.
He said that the keyboard was the first complete computer keyboard technology designed to accommodate combined character-sets for multiple
language groups on a single keyboard layout.

Oluwole, a native of Sagamu in Ogun State said that he was excited that his invention had gained international acceptance after what he described as
several years of disappointments.
He said that he had started developing a version of the keyboard to be used in South American and European countries, including Germany, Italy and

France.

The keyboard inventor said that the device had been equipped with characters and tonal marks to type various languages ranging from English,

Spanish, Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba.

"Now that this Nigerian invention is affirmed in the global computer market place, our government should move swiftly to standardise all computer

keyboards imported into Nigeria around the Konyin keyboard," Oluwole added.

He said that the Konyin keyboard was formally presented to the federal government in January this year to popularise it among government agencies.

---

quote:

---

Originally posted by Myra Wysinger:
Entrepreneurship in Africa

Econet Wireless Mobile Phone


Strive Masiyiwa, founder

Econet Wireless (Private) Limited, was established by the Zimbabwean businessman, Strive Masiyiwa, is the cellular network operator and main subsidiary of Zimbabwe Stock Exchange-listed Econet Wireless Holdings Limited (EWH), a company with interests in telecommunications and other sectors of the Zimbabwean economy.

Econet is the largest telecommunications company in Zimbabwe, with an overall market share of over 61% total mobile sector, and a cellular subscriber base of to 647,652, with revenue of Z$1.8 trillion as of 31st August 2007, the latest published figures available. Econet's market share of the total telecommunications and mobile markets closed the period at 45% and 61% respectively.

Econet is currently upgrading its network capacity from the current 800,000 to over 1.2 million by the end of 2008 and also expects to have launched 3-G services for the first time in Zimbabwe by the end of 2007. Econet Wireless is a diversified telecommunications group with operations in nine countries in Africa, Europe and the East Asia Pacific Rim, offering products and services in the core areas of mobile and fixed telephony services, internet and satellite. With its Ecoweb, the largest independent internet service provider in Zimbabwe, serving both corporate and individual dial-up customers, as well as operating internet cafes across the country and at Econet retail outlets.

Econet will soon introduce the GPRS for all mobile phone users which will allows the mobile subscriber to access data (such as accessing the internet) and transfer data (such as sending a picture message or downloading music) with their mobile phones.


"YourFone" pay phones operators

This is Econet’s pay phone service in Zimbabwe. "YourFone" has community pay phones and also phone shops for individuals to run. The phone shops bring convenience to customers who are not able to own their own handset and line for daily communication. The pay phone offers an opportunity for individuals to financially empower themselves by running their own payphone. These are convenient to the public as they can be found almost everywhere, which brings revenue for the operator.

In line with its Christian-based vision and mission, Econet has a broad strategy for social and community development called "Econet in the Community" through which the company supports diverse range of charitable causes, which include children orphaned by AIDS/HIV, religious and church organizations, as well as an annual scholarship program that provides financial assistance to the brightest students selected from schools in the country's 10 provinces under the Joshua Nkomo Scholarship Fund (JNSF).

The Trust administers a scholarship programme for orphaned children in Zimbabwe. Currently, the Trust is paying school fees and providing other support for over 25,000 orphans across the country.

History

When Strive Masiyiwa returned to newly independent Zimbabwe in 1984, he took a job with the state-owned telephone company. But he grew frustrated with the bureaucracy and formed his own engineering company. He applied to his old bosses for the country's first mobile-phone license yet had to fight them all the way to the supreme court before he could connect his first subscribers in 1998. Two months after its launch, Econet's network had a 45% market share. For beating the establishment, he became a national hero, especially among opposition politicians, who today use cell phones to summon supporters to rallies and alert radio stations to fraud at polling places. His introduction of wireless technology has profited not only Masiyiwa—but also Africa's progress toward democracy.

.

---

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
Other important industries included sawmills, cigarette factories, breweries, sugar refining, rubber, paper, soap and detergent
factories, footwear factories, pharmaceutical plants, tire factories, paint factories, and assembly plants for radios, record

players, and television sets. Nigeria had five state-owned motor-vehicle assembly plants for Volkswagen, Peugeot, and

Mercedes products. Nigeria's motor vehicle production rate increased by 10% in 2000–01.

The cinema of Nigeria is a developing industry that has become increasingly productive in recent years. Although Nigerian films have been produced since
the 1960s, the rise of digital cinema has resulted in a growing video film industry. The Nigerian video feature film industry is sometimes colloquially known as

Nollywood. The term is of uncertain date and origin, but is derived from Hollywood in the same manner as Bollywood. According to Hala Gorani and Jeff

Koinange formerly of CNN, Nigeria has a multi-billion dollar movie industry, churning out some 200 "home videos" every month to become the third largest in
the world after the United States and India .


Nigeria's financial services

industry is booming

About $2B flowed into the stock exchange last year, drawn by returns

By Deborah Nason

February 18, 2008

Nigeria's capital markets are exploding, thanks to the confluence of foreign and

domestic demand, and a determined governmental focus on reform over the

past five years.

Last year, the Central Bank of
Nigeria launched an ambitious

"engineer Nigeria's evolution
into an international financial
center
"Nigeria has Dubai-like
ambitions," said Marc Zeepvat,

research director for

Trans-National Research

Corp. in Ramsey, N.J., a

macro research firm for hedge

funds and institutions. His

company led a delegation of portfolio managers that visited Nigeria in

November.
for more--

http://www.investmentnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080218/REG/675271308/1009/TOC

Once again, another Nigerian has done his country proud. His name is Jelani
http://mypenmypaper.wordpress.com/2007/01/28/jelani-aliyus-cvchevyvolt/
Aliyu.

Mubarak Muhammad Abdullahi and his home

made Helicopter
October 27, 2007
Early this year, twas Aliyu Jelani, originally from Sokoto state Nigeria that did
Nigeria Proud with his state of the art electric Chevy Volt car, in the USA news
This time, its a 24-year old Physics student. His name is Mubarak Muhammad

Abdullahi

KANO (AFP) - Mubarak Muhammad Abdullahi, a 24-year-old physics

undergraduate in northern Nigeria, takes old cars and motorbikes to pieces in

the back yard at home and builds his own helicopters from the parts.

The cockpit consists of a push-button ignition, an accelerator lever between the
seats which controls vertical thrust, a joystick that provides balance and
bearing.----

Arms Procurement and Defense Industries


On its silver anniversary April 22, 1989, the air force unveiled and conducted a test flight of a prototype of Nigeria's first domestically built aircraft, the Air Beetle. Jointly built over two years by the NAF
and a West German Kaduna-based firm from the design of the United States Van RV-6 sport aircraft, the Air Beetle had the unique feature of being able to fly on standard automobile fuel. This two-seat,

single engine airplane was intended to be the primary trainer for the NAF, replacing the aging British Bulldog trainers. The production program called for sixty units by 1992 and eventual development of an
improved version, the Super Air Beetle. In early 1990, the first export orders were reported, and forty aircraft of the first production run were scheduled for delivery to foreign customers.

Punch press with operators
Courtesy Embassy of Nigeria, Washington


Nigeria MANUFACTURING

While agriculture's relative share of GDP was falling, manufacturing's contribution rose from 4.4 percent in FY 1959 to 9.4 percent in 1970, before falling during the oil boom to 7.0 percent in 1973, increasing


to 11.4 percent in 1981, and declining to 10.0 percent in 1988. Whereas manufacturing increased rapidly during the 1970s, tariff manipulations encouraged the expansion of assembly activities dependent on

imported inputs; these activities contributed little to indigenous value added or to employment, and reduced subsequent industrial growth. The manufacturing sector produced a range of goods that included

milled grain, vegetable oil, meat products, dairy products, sugar refined, soft drinks, beer, cigarettes, textiles, footwear, wood, paper products, soap, paint, pharmaceutical goods, ceramics, chemical

products, tires, tubes, plastics, cement, glass, bricks, tiles, metal goods, agricultural machinery, household electrical appliances, radios, motor vehicles, and jewelry.


The Nigerian Enterprises Promotion decrees of 1972, 1977, and 1981, by limiting foreign ownership shares in various industries, shifted the manufacturing sector from foreign majority ownership in the 1960s

to indigenous majority ownership in the mid-1970s and late 1970s. Businesspeople participated in economic policymaking, influencing the government's implementation of indigenization. "Nigerianization," in

which foreigners were obligated to sell ownership shares to Nigerians, became an instrument by which a few civil servants, military leaders, businesspeople, and professionals amassed considerable wealth. In

1985 the government selectively relaxed the indigenization decrees to encourage foreign investment in neglected areas, such as large-scale agrobusiness and manufacturing that used local resources. After

March 1988, foreign investors were allowed to increase their holdings in a number of other sectors.

Data as of June 1991

is this old info.

from ayanfe from nairaland.com
quote-

However, you overlook the fact that there are Nigerian high tech companies who were allowed to prosper in Nigeria. Take for example the Nigerian


Computer Manufacturing companies, which recently unveiled a plasma TV. Yes we are short sighted and narrow minded as a nation. However,

sometimes the feasibility of some products just scares potential investors away. Robotics is the way of the future. Japan is pumping billions to

monopolise an industry that is being likened to the PC revolution of the 80s. I still believe that there is a future for robotics in Nigeria, and robotics

rather car manufacturing will bring us more prestige.

ayanfe (m)
nairaland.com

---

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
i said some of it.nigeria is making cars,they have a ship building industry,electronic and computer industry,etc.

---

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
African marine cable construction under way
TEAMS undersea fiber optic project will link east Africa to the Middle East and the rest of

the world.


By Michael Malakata , IDG News Service


Construction began this week on the 4,500-kilometer East African Marine System (TEAMS) undersea fiber optic
project that will link east Africa to the Middle East and the rest of the world, according to government officials.


Alcatel-Lucent will construct the cable, which should be operational in next year's
second quarter, for $82 million. The vendor won a tender for the project last year.
The cable will provide affordable international broadband connectivity to several
countries in east Africa, said Kenyan Minister of Information and Communication

Samuel Paghisio. The cable, Paghisio said, will initially have a capacity of 40GB but will

later be upgraded to 640GB.

"The cable will bring competition on the pricing of bandwidth, which means that

the cost of communication in the region will come down," Paghisio said.

The project is a joint venture between the Kenyan government and the United Arab
Emirates government through Etisalat Telecommunication. The two governments own

20 percent shares each in the project. Eighty percent of project shares have been

opened to the private sector.

The cable will run from Mombasa in Kenya to a global network of fiber-optic cables at

Fujairah, United Arab Emirates. The East African region includes Rwanda, Uganda,

Ethiopia, Sudan and Somalia.

Kenya is a member of the east African submarine cable system (EASSY), another

submarine cable project that will run parallel to TEAMS project under the Indian Ocean

from Durban, South Africa, to Port Sudan in Sudan and provide high speed Internet

connectivity. The EASSY project will connect 21 countries in the eastern and southern

Africa region to the rest of the world.

http://www.infoworld.com/article/08/01/18/African-marine-cable-construction-under-way_1.html


This Day (Lagos)

April 19, 2006
Posted to the web April 20, 2006

Lagos


The multi-lingual computer keyboard, invented by a Nigerian engineer, Mr. Walter Oluwole, has started selling in the United States.

According to Oluwole, based in the U.S., the product, named "Konyin"--meaning honey drops in Yoruba--has attracted encouraging patronage in the

U.S. where a marketing company has bought the right to market it.


"D&H, one of the largest national distributors of computer products in the U.S. has signed an agreement with the management of the Lagos Analysis
Corp. (LANCOR) Technologies to market the product in the US," he said.

The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) recalls that the keyboard was unveiled in Nigeria in April last year its commercial sales started in September, 2005.
The wireless and multimedia model of the keyboard sells for about $199, while the basic model goes for about $55, according to the company's price
list

"We expect the Konyin keyboard to become the de facto standard in PC keyboard in Nigeria and around the globe," Oluwole said.
He said that the keyboard was the first complete computer keyboard technology designed to accommodate combined character-sets for multiple
language groups on a single keyboard layout.

Oluwole, a native of Sagamu in Ogun State said that he was excited that his invention had gained international acceptance after what he described as
several years of disappointments.
He said that he had started developing a version of the keyboard to be used in South American and European countries, including Germany, Italy and

France.

The keyboard inventor said that the device had been equipped with characters and tonal marks to type various languages ranging from English,

Spanish, Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba.

"Now that this Nigerian invention is affirmed in the global computer market place, our government should move swiftly to standardise all computer

keyboards imported into Nigeria around the Konyin keyboard," Oluwole added.

He said that the Konyin keyboard was formally presented to the federal government in January this year to popularise it among government agencies.

---

Posts: 2688 | Registered: Jul 2004  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

http://www.tanzania.go.tz/economicsurveyf.html


Agriculture dominates the economy, providing more than 60% of GDP and 80% of employment.

[edit] Agriculture

Agriculture dominates the economy, providing more than 60% of GDP and 80% of employment.


[edit] Industry


Accounting for only about 10% of GDP, Tanzania's industrial sector is one of the smallest in

Africa.

SO SEE THE ECONOMY IS DOMINATED STILL BY AGRICULTURE AND IT'S IN THE HANDS OF AFRICANS.NOT CONTROL OR OWNED BY OUTSIDERS.
GIVE ME STATE SOURCES AND FACTS ,NOT opinions from outsiders or just writers who write in newspapers.

---

quote:

---

Tanzania is a rich resource country with almost every God given natural resources, raw materials, mining and sources of water. Tanzania is rich in gold, diamond, and the only country blessed for the most valuable stone in the Hollywood nowadays, Tanzanite.

Tanzania is not a landlocked country, which cuts cost for export and import of goods through our sources of water; the Indian ocean, the second world largest fresh water body, lake Victoria, and the second world deepest body of water, lake Tanganyika.

Forty five years after independence, Tanzania continues to depend heavily on agriculture, which accounts for about half of the GDP, about 82 percent of country export and 80 percent of the work force.

In this 21st century of science and technology, Tanzanians still lack any form of agricultural revolution, revolution that would have improved farming tools and introduced new farming technologies and hence increase productivity.

Local farmers continue to depend on a simple structure to cultivate the land, a hoe.

---

quote:

---

Mining: Boosting Tanzania’s economic achievements

2005-12-31 08:49:25
By Ernest C. Ambali

Tanzania Mainland celebrated its 44th Independence Anniversary on 9th December, 2005. The press, including The Guardian, published success history of various sectors of the economy.

Ernest C. Ambali, gives, in a nutshell, development in the mining sector since the German era, through the British to date.


Tanzania’s minerals boom continues to grow fast, with gold production leading, moving the country towards a place in the world league of gold producers.

This means awakening one of the economic sleeping giants in Africa, although it has ’’come lately.’’ Yet, within a period of 10 years of vigorous performance of eight large mining firms, the giant known as Tanzania, is becoming an economic power to reckon with on the continent.

It is an obvious truth that these mines are spoiling the natural beauty of areas that are producing the precious minerals like gold, diamonds leaving ’’canyons’’ or quarries.

But how else do you eat the yellow yolk of an egg if you do not break its shell? You cannot eat the nitrous yolk by singing good songs. You must, break its shell - the earth - to get the precious minerals.

For many years Tanzania has been singing good songs that ’’we have gold, diamonds and other minerals’’ yet we could not break the shell - the earth - to produce the precious minerals.

And indeed, are we not aware of the fact that the country’s flag has a diagonal strip of yellow, representing minerals?.

We forget that when we pray fervently for the rains, we should tolerate the heavy mud as said in Kiswahili ’’ukililia mvua vumilia matope’’.

Already Tanzania is placed third after Ghana with South Africa taking the first place in Africa in gold production.

Gold production in Tanzania is led by the Geita Gold Mine (GGM) nestling in Mwanza Region. The GGM has an annual production of 650,000 ounces from its open cast mine, which commenced production in the year 2000.

The GGM is rated not only as the country’s biggest gold mine but is also one of the biggest gold producers in Africa.

The runnerup in mineral production is the famous open cast Williamson Diamonds Limited in Shinyanga Region which has an annual yield of 221,000 carats of diamonds.

Some of the gold mining companies which have invested in mineral production are the underground Kahama Mining Corporation which has an annual yield of 400,000 ounces, the open cast North Mara Gold Mine producing about 300,000 ounces of gold annually; the open cast Buhemba Gold Mine with a yearly production of 80,000 ounces.

The other is the Tulawaka Gold Project which produces about 100,000 ounces every year from its open cast mine.

---

From: http://www.ippmedia.com/ipp/guardian/2005/12/31/56886.html

While these mines are producing JOBS for blacks, they are not providing REAL WEALTH for the blacks. WEALTH comes from PROFITS, not just jobs. So yes, the blacks get jobs, but that is nothing more than menial labor that the WHITES have ALWAYS INTENDED for the blacks to do. The whole goal is to get the PROFITS from the sale of gold, diamonds and other minerals and to USE those profits to further EXPAND and GROW WHITE OWNED industrial and MINING conglomerates world wide and INCREASE the wealth of those WHITES who control such operations. BLACKS have to come up with the SAME strategy for their OWN resources and stop letting every one else get AHEAD off their labor, land and resources, while BLACKS stay poor and NOT in control of their OWN large scale mining and industrial interests, generating WEALTH for blacks and GROWING black industries.

The corporate "family tree" of the TanzaniteOne corporation, which is the PRIMARY producer of Tanzanite in Tanzania.



It reflects the fact that it is a WEB of related industries controlled by SOUTH AFRICAN WHITES, Arabs, Israelis and others who are BEHIND the international trade in gemstones. BLACKS do the hard work and sell their RAW stones at an UNFAIR PRICE at the BOTTOM of the pyramid, while these OTHER entities make ALL THE MONEY off the trade and sale of "processed" minerals. Blacks DO NOT get the fair market price as listed on the commodity exchange for these minerals. This is the same situation THROUGHOUT Africa. It is all about Africans getting FAIR MARKET PRICE for the RAW ORE and RAW MINERALS they extract versus FOREIGNERS getting all the money in TRADING these products, at MUCH HIGHER PRICES than what they paid to the Africans.

http://www.tanzaniteone.com/Default.htm


Pictures of the principal people behind Kilmanjaro Mining, another major mining firm in Tanzania:

http://www.kilimanjarominingcompany.com/corporate/management.htm

Note how these people are ALL BASED OUTSIDE of Tanzania. What does that mean? The MONEY is going OUTSIDE Tanzania and that Tanzanian BLACKS have LITTLE control over this MONEY.

Look at the following description of one of the principles:

quote:

---

Involved right from the outset of Kilimanjaro Mining Company, Heidi Kalenuik has an extensive background in the precious mineral industry. This includes seven years experience in the diamond industry in South Africa. Owning and operating a multi-million dollar diamond company and cutting works, taking diamonds from rough to polished precious stones and finally into the marketplace. Vast experience in travel through Africa to develop business relations and manage African business interests. Trading of African precious stones and gold with European and Asian entities. Three years administrative experience, working with over 150 private and public companies in British Columbia, Canada. The companies ranged from start up to Fortune 500 including a number of resource companies.

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:


WRONG.HOWCOULD THE OUTSIDERS GET ALL THE MONEY IF THE ECONOMY IS GETTING LARGER IN TAZNZANIA AND ALL OTHER AFRICAN STATES.YOU DO NOT MAKE ANY SENSE DUDE.
THERE ARE MANY OTHER BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIES NOT CONTROL BY OUTSIDES IN TANZANIA AND THE REST OF AFRICA.I THOUGHT ZIMBABWE TOOK OVER THOSE INDUSTRIES FROM THE WHITE.YOU KEEP FORGETTING THAT ONE TOO,YOU AND YOUR BLANKET INCORRECT STATEMENTS.YOU ARE A SELF HATING BLACKMAN.YOU WANT WHITES TO STILL CONTROL SO YOU COULD COMPLAIN.YOU LIE,YOU ARE LIKE HILLARY.YOU CAN'T HELP IT.
I GAVE YOU FACTS OVER THE MONTHS AND YEARS AND YOU STILL CAN'T PROCESS THE INFO THAT IS CORRECT AND UPDATED.YOU ARE A LOSS CAUSE AND I CAN'T HELP YOU ANYMORE LEX LUTHOR.WHEN IT COME TO HISTORY I COULD AGREE WITH YOU TO A CERTAIN EXTENT SO STICK WITH HISTORY.

YOU WANT ONE LARGE INDUSTRY OWN AND CONTROLLED BY BLACKS OR MOSTLY -

HERE ONE
The cinema of Nigeria is a developing industry that has become increasingly productive in recent years. -OWN BY BLACKS PERIOD AND IT IS THE 3RD LARGEST FILM INDUSTRY IN THE WORLD.

HERE TWO-

"D&H, one of the largest national distributors of computer products in the U.S. has signed an agreement with the management of the Lagos Analysis--
The multi-lingual computer keyboard, invented by a Nigerian engineer, Mr. Walter Oluwole, has started selling in the United States.

HERE THREE-
Econet
largest


telecommunications
company


NIGERIAN COMPUTER AND CHIPS INDUSTRY/ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY.

IVORY COAST ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY. THESE LARGE CORPARATIONS ARE OWNED AND CONTROL BY BLACKS.
---------------------------
FOR NIGERIA THERE IS A LOT FOR AN EXAMPLE-CONTROL BY BLACKS PERIOD-

Other important industries included sawmills, cigarette factories, breweries, sugar refining, rubber, paper, soap and detergent
Nigeria had five state-owned motor-vehicle assembly plants for Volkswagen, Peugeot, and
Mercedes products. Nigeria's motor vehicle production rate increased by 10% in 2000–01.

factories, footwear factories, pharmaceutical plants, tire factories, paint factories, and assembly plants for radios, record

Nigeria has a space agency:
CONTROL BY BLACKS PERIOD

nigerian bus Industry -CONTROL BY BLACKS

Automobile Industry of Zimbabwe-CONTROL BY BLACKS

SORRY I GOT CARRIED AWAY,YOU JUST WANT ONE BUT I GAVE YOU SOME IN SOME AFRICAN STATES.I AM NOT GOING TO POST EVERY STATE AND EVERY CORPORATION BECAUSE YOU NEED TO READ ALL OTHER POST CAREFULLY
FROM BEFORE .YOU KEEP TELLING LIES,STRAIGHT UP ANF I KEEP RESPONDING AND IT SEEMS NOT TO HELP YOU BUT ONLY MAKES YOU MORE WORSE AND I AM NOT FALLING FOR IT ANYMORE.

CONTACT THE COUNTRIES YOURSELF MAN
YOU HAVE FINGERS.GET THE INFO FROM THERE EMBASSIES AND STOP BOTHERING ME.YOU ARE BECOMING A PESS NOW.

IN MOST AFRICAN COUNTRIES AFRICANS OWN OR MOSTLY OWN THE INDUSTRIESOR BOTH.LOOK UP THEIR MAJOR CORPORATIONS CONTACT THEM AND FIND OUT WHO OWNS IT FOR YOURSELF BECAUSE THERE ARE MANY BUSINESS
AND I AM NOT YOUR SLAVE.YOU HAVE AN AGENDA AND EVEN IF I SHOW YOU THE PICTURES OF THE PEOPLE THAT OWN THESE CORPORATIONS YOU WILL STILL WILL DENY THEY ARE OWNED BY BLACKS OR MOSTLY BY THEM OR BOTH
I POSTED SOME PICTURES BEFORE AND YOU CHOSE TO DENY THEM.SOMETHING IS REALLY WRONG WITH YOU BECAUSE YOU DO NOT LISTEN.I REALLY DO NOT HAVE ANYTHING TO SAY TO YOU ANYMORE ON THIS .YOU ARE TRULY A BITTER MAN GO VISIT SOME OF THESE PLACES IF YOU EVER HAVE TIME.BYE

THIS LINK YOU POST DOES NOT PROVE THAT OUTSIDERS CONTROL MOST OF THE INDUSTRIES.STOP ALREADY.AND THIS IS NOT DATA.POST DATA FROM THE COUNTRY ITSELF.NOT JUST NEWPAPERS LIKE I DID.

INSIDE IT SAYS THERE IS HIGH GROWTH RATES,THAT MEANS THE COUNTRY IS DOING BETTER.
http://www.ippmedia.com/ipp/guardian/2005/12/31/56886.html


the post above and here are for those who want to read a more balance and truthful picture of africa.i am done with the unfaithful and those who tell lies.this is for those who are newto this forum and want to get a more balance view.this is really it and after this i am gone.i been up all night finding this info,so i am done and not reading anymore comments.

this is a good article on what i have been trying to say all along.
if folks do not believe,than believe what this man is saying.if you still do not believe then thier is nothing for here because my mind is made up with the facts.
this is it.so don't bother to reply because i had it and i will not come back to this thread.i have books to read now an work to do.bye.

What Bono doesn't say about Africa
By William Easterly, WILLIAM EASTERLY is a professor of economics at New York University, Visiting
Fellow at the Brookings Institution and the author of "The White Man's Burden: How the West's Efforts
to Aid the Rest Have
July 6, 2007


JUST WHEN IT SEEMED that Western images of Africa could not get any weirder, the July 2007 special Africa issue of Vanity Fair was published, complete with a feature article on "Madonna's Malawi." At the same time, the memoirs of an African child soldier are on sale at your local Starbucks, and celebrity activist Bob Geldof is touring Africa yet again, followed by TV cameras, to document that "War, Famine, Plague & Death are the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse and these days they're riding hard through the back roads of Africa."
It's a dark and scary picture of a helpless, backward continent that's being offered up to TV watchers and coffee drinkers. But in fact, the real Africa is quite a bit different. And the problem with all this Western stereotyping is that it manages to snatch defeat from the jaws of some current victories, fueling support for patronizing Western policies designed to rescue the allegedly helpless African people while often discouraging those policies that might actually help.

Let's begin with those rampaging Four Horsemen. Do they really explain Africa today? What percentage of the African population would you say dies in war every year? What share of male children, age 10 to 17, are child soldiers? How many Africans are afflicted by famine or died of AIDS last year or are living as refugees?

In each case, the answer is one-half of 1% of the population or less. In some cases it's much less; for example, annual war deaths have averaged 1 out of every 10,800 Africans for the last four decades. That doesn't lessen the tragedy, of course, of those who are such victims, and maybe there are things the West can do to help them. But the typical African is a long way from being a starving, AIDS-stricken refugee at the mercy of child soldiers. The reality is that many more Africans need latrines than need Western peacekeepers — but that doesn't play so well on TV.


Further distortions of Africa emanate from former British Prime Minister Tony Blair's star-studded Africa Progress Panel (which includes the ubiquitous Geldof). The panel laments in its 2007 news release that Africa remains "far short" of its goal of making "substantial inroads into poverty reduction." But this doesn't quite square with the sub-Saharan Africa that in 2006 registered its third straight year of good GDP growth — about 6%, well above historic averages for either today's rich countries or all developing countries. Growth of living standards in the last five years is the highest in Africa's history.

The real Africa also has seen cellphone and Internet use double every year for the last seven years. Foreign private capital inflows into Africa hit $38 billion in 2006 — more than foreign aid. Africans are saving a higher percentage of their incomes than Americans are (so much for the "poverty trap" of being "too poor to save" endlessly repeated in aid reports). I agree that it's too soon to conclude that Africa is on a stable growth track, but why not celebrate what Africans have already achieved?

Instead, the international development establishment is rigging the game to make Africa — which is, of course, still very poor — look even worse than it really is. It announces, for instance, that Africa is the only region that is failing to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs in aid-speak) set out by the United Nations. Well, it takes extraordinary growth to cut extreme poverty rates in half by 2015 (the first goal) when a near-majority of the population is poor, as is the case in Africa. (Latin America, by contrast, requires only modest growth to halve its extreme poverty rate from 10% to 5%.)
This is how Blair's panel managed to call Africa's recent growth successes a failure. But the reality is that virtually all other countries that have escaped extreme poverty did so through the kind of respectable growth that Africa is enjoying — not the kind of extraordinary growth that would have been required to meet the arbitrary Millennium Development Goals.

Africa will also fail to meet the second goal of universal primary education by 2015. But this goal is also rigged against Africa, because Africa started with an unusually low percentage of children enrolled in elementary school. As economist Michael Clemens points out, most African countries have actually expanded enrollments far more rapidly over the last five decades than Western countries did during their development, but Africans still won't reach the arbitrary aid target of universal enrollment by 2015. For example, the World Bank condemned Burkina Faso in 2003 as "seriously off track" to meet the second MDG, yet the country has expanded elementary education at more than twice the rate of Western historical experience, and it is even far above the faster educational expansions of all other developing countries in recent decades.


Why do aid organizations and their celebrity backers want to make African successes look like failures? One can only speculate, but it certainly helps aid agencies get more publicity and more money if problems seem greater than they are. As for the stars — well, could Africa be saving celebrity careers more than celebrities are saving Africa?

In truth, Africans are and will be escaping poverty the same way everybody else did: through the efforts of resourceful entrepreneurs, democratic reformers and ordinary citizens at home, not through PR extravaganzas of ill-informed outsiders.


The real Africa needs increased trade from the West more than it needs more aid handouts. A respected Ugandan journalist, Andrew Mwenda, made this point at a recent African conference despite the fact that the world's most famous celebrity activist — Bono — was attempting to shout him down. Mwenda was suffering from too much reality for Bono's taste: "What man or nation has ever become rich by holding out a begging bowl?" asked Mwenda.


Perhaps Bono was grouchy because his celebrity-laden "Red" campaign to promote Western brands to finance begging bowls for Africa has spent $100 million on marketing and generated sales of only $18 million, according to a recent report. But the fact remains that the West shows a lot more interest in begging bowls than in, say, letting African cotton growers compete fairly in Western markets (see the recent collapse of world trade talks).

Today, as I sip my Rwandan gourmet coffee and wear my Nigerian shirt here in New York, and as European men eat fresh Ghanaian pineapple for breakfast and bring Kenyan flowers home to their wives, I wonder what it will take for Western consumers to learn even more about the products of self-sufficient, hardworking, dignified Africans. Perhaps they should spend less time consuming Africa disaster stereotypes from television and Vanity Fair.


-------------------------------------------------

my comments-
overall very good article.
one point however,in terms of gnp ppp most african nations are middle-income now but most being in low-middle income camp for now.so most will still be poor but not poor like thier were before.they would be poor with more money
some are high middle income today,some are low income and a few are rich like gabon and a few others.
this is proof that poverty is being reduce and progress is happening overall.


http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/la-oe-easterly6jul06,0,6188154.story?coll=la-opinion-rightrail

---

Posts: 2688 | Registered: Jul 2004  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Cobuy, a renowned house of jewelry based in South Korea, has fallen in love with tanzanite.

They are now in the country to asses the possibility of investing in the blue gemstones, which are mined at Mererani in Manyara Region.

A five-man delegation from the Seoul-based firm was in Mererani over the weekend in order to negotiate with a local firm on plans to transfer modern lapidary technology, among other wide potential investment items.

`We are here to see whether we can set up a modern lapidary plant on joint venture basis with a local firm,` said Cobuy President Jae-Hyung Kwon at Mererani.


If all goes well, the project will end the concern of small-scale tanzanite miners about the exportation of raw Tanzanite gemstones because they lose a lot of money through the process.

The Korean firm`s delegation has signed a Memorandum of Understanding in Dar es Salaam with Interstate Mining Tanzania�s Chief Executive Officer Henry Nyiti.

They later they paid a visit to Mererani to check the possibility of working together with local miners in buying, polishing and marketing of tanzanite gemstone.

The Cobuy management has heeded a call made by President Jakaya Kikwete for South Korean giant investors to come to Tanzania and seek for possibilities of investing in various sectors.

President Kikwete visited South Korea towards the end of last year. The President was accompanied by a group of local miners and mineral dealers.

The Cobuy chief said that his company planned to train local Tanzanite miners on how to cut and polish tanzanite at internationally recognized standards.

`Having held a wide range of talks with Prime Minister Edward Lowassa and some ministers, we were informed of tax procedures followed by investors. We are convinced that we shall come back to invest in Tanzania,` Kwon said.

Tanzanite was first discovered in 1967 in north of the country. As one of the newest and most exotically colored gemstones, it is part of the zoisite mineral species and is only found in East Africa.

The government announced in 2003 that it would ensure that all tanzanite gemstones would be locally processed before being exported come 2005.

`However, two years and half down the line, the government has done nothing to enforce its decision,` said the Chairman of Tanzania Mineral Dealers Association, Sammy Mollel.

Mollel said at the moment, 80 per cent of licensed tanzanite dealers owned two or three cutting and polishing machineries.

`We are prepared and are capable of adding value to our products,` he said.

He observed that cutting tanzanite locally would minimize smuggling, create employment for local people and make the industry contribute immensely to the government in terms of revenue.


According to Mollel, the tanzanite sub-sector employs about 250,000 people in Jaypur India; where the unprocessed gemstone is cut and polished for re-export.

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
the post above and here are for those who want to read a more balance and truthful picture of africa.i am done with the unfaithful and those who tell lies.this is for those who are newto this forum and want to get a more balance view.this is really it and after this i am gone.i been up all night finding this info,so i am done and not reading anymore comments.

this is a good article on what i have been trying to say all along.
if folks do not believe,than believe what this man is saying.if you still do not believe then thier is nothing for here because my mind is made up with the facts.
this is it.so don't bother to reply because i had it and i will not come back to this thread.i have books to read now an work to do.bye.

What Bono doesn't say about Africa
By William Easterly, WILLIAM EASTERLY is a professor of economics at New York University, Visiting
Fellow at the Brookings Institution and the author of "The White Man's Burden: How the West's Efforts
to Aid the Rest Have
July 6, 2007


JUST WHEN IT SEEMED that Western images of Africa could not get any weirder, the July 2007 special Africa issue of Vanity Fair was published, complete with a feature article on "Madonna's Malawi." At the same time, the memoirs of an African child soldier are on sale at your local Starbucks, and celebrity activist Bob Geldof is touring Africa yet again, followed by TV cameras, to document that "War, Famine, Plague & Death are the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse and these days they're riding hard through the back roads of Africa."
It's a dark and scary picture of a helpless, backward continent that's being offered up to TV watchers and coffee drinkers. But in fact, the real Africa is quite a bit different. And the problem with all this Western stereotyping is that it manages to snatch defeat from the jaws of some current victories, fueling support for patronizing Western policies designed to rescue the allegedly helpless African people while often discouraging those policies that might actually help.

Let's begin with those rampaging Four Horsemen. Do they really explain Africa today? What percentage of the African population would you say dies in war every year? What share of male children, age 10 to 17, are child soldiers? How many Africans are afflicted by famine or died of AIDS last year or are living as refugees?

In each case, the answer is one-half of 1% of the population or less. In some cases it's much less; for example, annual war deaths have averaged 1 out of every 10,800 Africans for the last four decades. That doesn't lessen the tragedy, of course, of those who are such victims, and maybe there are things the West can do to help them. But the typical African is a long way from being a starving, AIDS-stricken refugee at the mercy of child soldiers. The reality is that many more Africans need latrines than need Western peacekeepers — but that doesn't play so well on TV.


Further distortions of Africa emanate from former British Prime Minister Tony Blair's star-studded Africa Progress Panel (which includes the ubiquitous Geldof). The panel laments in its 2007 news release that Africa remains "far short" of its goal of making "substantial inroads into poverty reduction." But this doesn't quite square with the sub-Saharan Africa that in 2006 registered its third straight year of good GDP growth — about 6%, well above historic averages for either today's rich countries or all developing countries. Growth of living standards in the last five years is the highest in Africa's history.

The real Africa also has seen cellphone and Internet use double every year for the last seven years. Foreign private capital inflows into Africa hit $38 billion in 2006 — more than foreign aid. Africans are saving a higher percentage of their incomes than Americans are (so much for the "poverty trap" of being "too poor to save" endlessly repeated in aid reports). I agree that it's too soon to conclude that Africa is on a stable growth track, but why not celebrate what Africans have already achieved?

Instead, the international development establishment is rigging the game to make Africa — which is, of course, still very poor — look even worse than it really is. It announces, for instance, that Africa is the only region that is failing to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs in aid-speak) set out by the United Nations. Well, it takes extraordinary growth to cut extreme poverty rates in half by 2015 (the first goal) when a near-majority of the population is poor, as is the case in Africa. (Latin America, by contrast, requires only modest growth to halve its extreme poverty rate from 10% to 5%.)
This is how Blair's panel managed to call Africa's recent growth successes a failure. But the reality is that virtually all other countries that have escaped extreme poverty did so through the kind of respectable growth that Africa is enjoying — not the kind of extraordinary growth that would have been required to meet the arbitrary Millennium Development Goals.

Africa will also fail to meet the second goal of universal primary education by 2015. But this goal is also rigged against Africa, because Africa started with an unusually low percentage of children enrolled in elementary school. As economist Michael Clemens points out, most African countries have actually expanded enrollments far more rapidly over the last five decades than Western countries did during their development, but Africans still won't reach the arbitrary aid target of universal enrollment by 2015. For example, the World Bank condemned Burkina Faso in 2003 as "seriously off track" to meet the second MDG, yet the country has expanded elementary education at more than twice the rate of Western historical experience, and it is even far above the faster educational expansions of all other developing countries in recent decades.


Why do aid organizations and their celebrity backers want to make African successes look like failures? One can only speculate, but it certainly helps aid agencies get more publicity and more money if problems seem greater than they are. As for the stars — well, could Africa be saving celebrity careers more than celebrities are saving Africa?

In truth, Africans are and will be escaping poverty the same way everybody else did: through the efforts of resourceful entrepreneurs, democratic reformers and ordinary citizens at home, not through PR extravaganzas of ill-informed outsiders.


The real Africa needs increased trade from the West more than it needs more aid handouts. A respected Ugandan journalist, Andrew Mwenda, made this point at a recent African conference despite the fact that the world's most famous celebrity activist — Bono — was attempting to shout him down. Mwenda was suffering from too much reality for Bono's taste: "What man or nation has ever become rich by holding out a begging bowl?" asked Mwenda.


Perhaps Bono was grouchy because his celebrity-laden "Red" campaign to promote Western brands to finance begging bowls for Africa has spent $100 million on marketing and generated sales of only $18 million, according to a recent report. But the fact remains that the West shows a lot more interest in begging bowls than in, say, letting African cotton growers compete fairly in Western markets (see the recent collapse of world trade talks).

Today, as I sip my Rwandan gourmet coffee and wear my Nigerian shirt here in New York, and as European men eat fresh Ghanaian pineapple for breakfast and bring Kenyan flowers home to their wives, I wonder what it will take for Western consumers to learn even more about the products of self-sufficient, hardworking, dignified Africans. Perhaps they should spend less time consuming Africa disaster stereotypes from television and Vanity Fair.


-------------------------------------------------

my comments-
overall very good article.
one point however,in terms of gnp ppp most african nations are middle-income now but most being in low-middle income camp for now.so most will still be poor but not poor like thier were before.they would be poor with more money
some are high middle income today,some are low income and a few are rich like gabon and a few others.
this is proof that poverty is being reduce and progress is happening overall.


http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/la-oe-easterly6jul06,0,6188154.story?coll=la-opinion-rightrail

---

Posts: 2688 | Registered: Jul 2004  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

quote:

---

Originally posted by kenndo:
WRONG.

YOU WANT ONE LARGE INDUSTRY OWN AND CONTROLLED BY BLACKS OR MOSTLY -

HERE ONE
The cinema of Nigeria is a developing industry that has become increasingly productive in recent years. -OWN BY BLACKS PERIOD AND IT IS THE 3RD LARGEST FILM INDUSTRY IN THE WORLD.

HERE TWO-

"D&H, one of the largest national distributors of computer products in the U.S. has signed an agreement with the management of the Lagos Analysis--
The multi-lingual computer keyboard, invented by a Nigerian engineer, Mr. Walter Oluwole, has started selling in the United States.

HERE THREE-
Econet
largest


telecommunications
company


NIGERIAN COMPUTER AND CHIPS INDUSTRY/ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY.

IVORY COAST ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY. THESE LARGE CORPARATIONS ARE OWNED AND CONTROL BY BLACKS.

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

posted                      

Here is a page with a list of some enterprising Nigerians:

http://awakeafrica.com/even%20here%20even%20now.htm

Like I said, I never said there was NO black owned business in Africa, but a large percentage is STILL owned and operated by whites and other foreigners.

But you should know where those Africans are who are doing things in Africa:

A big one is Mohammed Al Amoudi, Ethiopia's richest man:



http://www.flickr.com/photos/andrewheavens/10874500/

quote:

---

Ethiopia - Mohammed Al Amoudi is the 86th Richest Person in the World

The Richest Black Man in the world is Ethiopia Born Mohammed Al Amoudi, now a Saudi citizen, with a net worth of 8 Billion US Dollar according to Forbes Magazine March 2007 issue.

---

quote:

---

is year welcomes two new faces to the list of the richest men in Africa as well as one omission from last year. It will however be most memorable for début of the first black Africans to join the esteemed company on the list. Not surprisingly the two, Aliko Dangote and Patrice Motsepe are from Nigeria and South Africa the two countries on which most of the hope for African economic renaissance lies and they join at position 6 and 9 respectively.

They say the first million is the hardest so one would guess by the time you get to a billion it is positively child’s play to make money, and so it would seem as all the entrants from 2007 remain on the with most having increased their wealth despite torrid global economic conditions

. Here is how they pan out:

Patrice Motsepe (South Africa)
African Rank No.9 – World Rank No.503 – Wealth $2.4 billion
It has been fourteen years since the end of Apartheid and Africa’s largest economy South Africa has finally produced its first black billionaire, Patrice Motsepe. The Pretoria raised lawyer was born into a relatively well off black family for the time, his father ABC Motsepe was one of the wealthiest black business men in the country. Motsepe specialised as a mining lawyer and this paved his way into the industry that was too make his fortune. His company African Rainbow Mineral is today one the largest mining concerns in South Africa. Motsepe is also the owner of one of South Africa’s most successful football clubs Mamelodi Sundowns FC

Samih Sawiris (Egypt)
African Rank No.8 – World Rank No.396 – Wealth $2.9 billion
Samih Sawiris is the first of the four Sawiris family members we meet in this list. It has been a good year for Samih as his interests in tourism and leisure have seen his wealth rise from $1.6 billion to $2.9billion. Probably his most significant investment over the year was his commitment to invest $500 million in a luxury alpine resort in Andermatt, Switzerland his first venture outside the Middle East. The resort will comprise a 5-star hotel, apartment and villa, an ice rink all spread over 37 acres.

Aliko Dangote (Nigeria)
African Rank No.7 – World Rank No.334 – Wealth $3.3 billion
Another débutante on the list and the first from Africa’s most populous nation. While the average man on the street in Nigeria would insist that the country has produced many billionaires’, mostly former heads of state and their cronies, Dangote represents a break from this tradition as a man who has created his wealth in a comparatively transparent manner. His interests in sugar,cement and food have propelled Dangote to the top of the pile in Nigeria. His close relationship with former Nigerian President Obasanjo some argue has fuelled his wealth and Obasanjo’s exit from power last year saw Dangote’s influence wane somewhat typified by the revocation of his purchase of former-state owned refineries by the new government.

Johann Rupert & family (South Africa)
African Rank No.6 – World Rank No.284 – Wealth $3.8 billion
Johann Ruperts and family have seen their total wealth slip by about $500 million and drop three places down the list of Africa’s richest on the back of challenging global economic conditions and downturn in the luxury goods sector where his Richemont group is a major player. The tough economic conditions had not stopped rumours of Rupert looking to pay millions to purchase the English football team Blackburn Rovers, a deal Rupert has categorically denied.

Nicky Oppenheimer & family (South Africa)
African Rank No.5 – World Rank No.173 – Wealth $5.7 billion
The Oppenheimer fortune is facing challenging times as investment pours into Russian extensive mineral resources fuelling competition, resource hungry representatives of China and India scour Africa looking to secure their supply lines and back home the Black Empowerment policy has meant changes in Anglo American Corporation the mining giant founded by the Oppenheimer family. Despite these challenges the family fortune has grown but not enough to keep their position in last year’s list as they drop three places to No’5.

Mohammed Al Amoudi (Ethiopia)
African Rank No.4 – World Rank No.97 – Wealth $9.0 billion
Last year year’s list omitted Mohammed Al Amoudi but this year the Ethiopian born billionaire takes his rightful place. Al Amoudi migrated to Saudi Arabia from Ethiopia in 1965 and made his fortune in property before diversifying into petroleum interests. Al-Amoudi was one the biggest sponsors of celebrations earlier this year to mark the the start of the millennium in Ethiopia. The centre piece of his sponsorship was the construction of the multimillion dollar Millennium Central Hall in Addis Ababa.

Onsi Sawiris (Egypt)
African Rank No.3 – World Rank No.96 – Wealth $9.1 billion
The list has already seen the first of the Sawiris family and the top three positions are all taken up by family members, the Sawiris father and his other two sons. Onsi Sawiris despite being in retirement and having divested most of the Orascom Empire he built to his three sons has seen his wealth almost double from $5 billion in 2007 to $9.2 billion today. Interestingly the combined Sawiris fortune of $34.7 billion would see the family at No.7 amongst the world’s richest.

Nassef Sawiris (Egypt)
African Rank No.2 – World Rank No.68 – Wealth $11.0 billion
Of all those who made this list Nassef Sawiris has had the most spectacular rise in his wealth, last year his wealth was estimated at $3.9 billion but he starts this year with three times that fortune at $11 billion. Nassef Sawiris runs the construction arm of the Orascom empire and soaring oil prices have ensured his target market of the Middle East is awash with development funds. Orascom Construction signed some big deals last year including building a $1.8 billion fertiliser plant in Algeria, a $110 million Solar Plant in Egypt and part of a consortium building Cairo’s new metro.

Naguib Sawiris (Egypt)
African Rank No.1 – World Rank No.60 – Wealth $12.7 billion
In gloomy world economy the growth of telecommunications, the internet and the media have been one of the few bright spots. In the emerging market it has been no difference and Naguib Sawiris has benefited tremendously from this. In particular the mobile telephony part of his empire has shown strong growth although not without controversy as investments in North Korea and investigations into the purchase of an Italian Teleco have proved. Despite these hiccups Naguib Sawiris retains his spot as Africa’s richest man.

---

Posts: 8904 | Registered: May 2005  |  IP: Logged |