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Author Topic: HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 loci in three west African ethnic groups
Evergreen
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Hum Immunol. 2009 Nov;70(11):903-9. Epub 2009 Aug 5.

HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 loci in three west African ethnic groups: genetic relationship with sub-Saharan African and European populations.

Lulli et al.

Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.

The Fulani of west Africa have been shown to be less susceptible to malaria and to mount a stronger immune response to malaria than sympatric ethnic groups. The analysis of HLA diversity is useful for the assessment of the genetic distance between the Fulani and sympatric populations, which represents the necessary theoretical background for the investigation of genetic determinants of susceptibility to malaria. We assessed the polymorphism of HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 loci and analyzed the distribution of alleles/haplotypes in Fulani, Mossi, and Rimaibé from Burkina Faso. We then investigated the genetic relationship of these three ethnic groups with other sub-Saharan African populations as well as with Europeans. We confirmed that the Fulani from Burkina Faso are genetically distinct from sympatric Mossi and Rimaibé. Furthermore the Fulani from Burkina Faso are close to those from The Gambia and, intriguingly, share the distribution of specific alleles with east African populations (Amhara and Oromo). It is noteworthy that the HLA-DRB1*04 and -DQB1*02 alleles, which are implicated in the development of several autoimmune diseases, are present at high frequency in the Fulani, suggesting their potential involvement in the enhanced immune reactivity observed in this population.

Posts: 2007 | From: Washington State | Registered: Oct 2006  |  IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
Evergreen
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quote:
Originally posted by Evergreen:
Hum Immunol. 2009 Nov;70(11):903-9. Epub 2009 Aug 5.

HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 loci in three west African ethnic groups: genetic relationship with sub-Saharan African and European populations.

Lulli et al.

Furthermore, the comparison of allele frequencies among Fulani, other sub-Saharan populations, and Europeans revealed that the Fulani share a similar distribution of the alleles DRB1*04, DRB1*07 and DQB1*02 with Amhara and Oromo from Ethiopia. The same alleles have significantly different frequencies in Fulani with respect to Mossi and RimaibĘ. In particular, the DRB1*04 allele(corresponding to the DR4 serotype) is absent or at very low frequencies in all sub-Saharan populations, except in the Fulani and in Amahra-Oromo, where it exceeds 10% of frequency. In Europeans the DRB1*04 allele is very common with a frequency of about 20%. These observations are of interest in the light of the hypothesis that the Fulani genetic make-up includes an appreciable Caucasoid
component [5,33,42,43] of possible east African origin [44], which has been suggested on the basis of their physical features and cultural traditions [45]


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Djehuti
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^ In other words just another desperate attempt to attribute African genetic diversity to Eurasian i.e. "caucasoid" influence. [Roll Eyes]

Question: why are these scientists even still using the term "caucasoid" given the debunk status of such racial classifications??

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Evergreen
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quote:
Originally posted by Djehuti:
^ In other words just another desperate attempt to attribute African genetic diversity to Eurasian i.e. "caucasoid" influence. [Roll Eyes]

Question: why are these scientists even still using the term "caucasoid"

Probably has something to do with this:


Tissue Antigens

2001 Feb;57(2):118-27.

HLA genes in Macedonians and the sub-Saharan origin of the Greeks.
Arnaiz-Villena A, Dimitroski K, Pacho A, Moscoso J, Gómez-Casado E, Silvera-Redondo C, Varela P, Blagoevska M, Zdravkovska V, Martínez-Laso J.

Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, H. 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. aarnaiz@eucmax.sim.ucm.es

HLA alleles have been determined in individuals from the Republic of Macedonia by DNA typing and sequencing. HLA-A, -B, -DR, -DQ allele frequencies and extended haplotypes have been for the first time determined and the results compared to those of other Mediterraneans, particularly with their neighbouring Greeks. Genetic distances, neighbor-joining dendrograms and correspondence analysis have been performed. The following conclusions have been reached: 1) Macedonians belong to the "older" Mediterranean substratum, like Iberians (including Basques), North Africans, Italians, French, Cretans, Jews, Lebanese, Turks (Anatolians), Armenians and Iranians, 2) Macedonians are not related with geographically close Greeks, who do not belong to the "older" Mediterranenan substratum, 3) Greeks are found to have a substantial relatedness to sub-Saharan (Ethiopian) people, which separate them from other Mediterranean groups. Both Greeks and Ethiopians share quasi-specific DRB1 alleles, such as *0305, *0307, *0411, *0413, *0416, *0417, *0420, *1110, *1112, *1304 and *1310. Genetic distances are closer between Greeks and Ethiopian/sub-Saharan groups than to any other Mediterranean group and finally Greeks cluster with Ethiopians/sub-Saharans in both neighbour joining dendrograms and correspondence analyses. The time period when these relationships might have occurred was ancient but uncertain and might be related to the displacement of Egyptian-Ethiopian people living in pharaonic Egypt.

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Explorador
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That, indeed!

Uniparental genealogical pool display vastly different patterns between the Fulani and our so-called "caucasoid east Africans" of "Amhara-Oromo"; the former falls in line with western African patterns, and the latter with eastern African patterns.

According to our own anthropological examination (data not shown), the non-sub-Saharan haplogroups are not carried by "West Eurasian-like" individuals, as might be anticipated, but were rather detected in common "Fulani type" peoples. - Cerny et al. 2006

...meaning, as anticipated by eurocentric kooks and co.

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The Complete Picture of the Past tells Us what Not to Repeat

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