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Hominids in Atapuerca Mountains, Castile and León, Spain. (Ibeas Museum in Burgos)
Eventually, c. 2600 BC, urban communities began to appear, again especially in the south. The most important ones are Los Millares in SE Spain and Zambujal (belonging to Vila Nova de Săo Pedro culture) in Portuguese Estremadura, that can well be called civilizations, even if they lack of the literary component.
Urban cultures developed in southern Iberia, such as Tartessos, influenced by the Phoenician colonization of coastal Mediterranean Iberia, with strong competition from the Greek colonization. These two processes defined Iberia's cultural landscape – Mediterranean towards the southeast and a Continental in the northwest.
Roman armies invaded Hispania in 218 BC
The highly romanized Visigoths entered Hispania in 415 and managed to compel the Vandals and Alans to sail for North Africa in 429. In 484 the Visigoths established Toledo as the capital of their monarchy. Successive Visigothic kings ruled Hispania as patricians who held imperial commissions to govern in the name of the Roman emperor. In 585 the Visigoths conquered the Suebic Kingdom of Galicia, thus controlling almost all Hispania.
Under the Visigoths, lay culture was not as highly developed as it had been under the Romans, and the task of maintaining formal education and government shifted decisively to the church because its Roman clergy alone were qualified to manage higher administration. As elsewhere in early medieval Europe, the church in Hispania stood as society's most cohesive institution. The Visigoths are also responsible for the introduction of mainstream Christianity to the Iberian peninsular; the earliest representation of Christ in Spanish religious art can be found in a Visigothic hermitage, Santa Maria de Lara. It also embodied the continuity of Roman order. In addition, Romans continued to run the civil administration and Latin continued to be the language of government and of commerce.
Found by chance on 4th August 1897 by a young worker, Manuel Campello Esclapez, on La Alcudia, an archaeological site near the town of Elche on the Costa Blanca. The Lady of Elche is a well-known polychrome stone Iberian art believed to have been produced in the 4th century BC, although some scholars date it to the Hellenestic or Roman period.
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You have been the beneficiary of the first time in recorded history, when that lying, lowlife, trolling piece camel dung, Lioness, actually told the truth and gave good information.
Yet you are too dense to see it. Or is it that the truth interferes with your fantasy of white looking Mazigns (or whatever you call them), so you choose to ignore it?
Anyway, the native people of Iberia are simply called Iberians by White people, since there is little by way of specifics known about them.
The inhabitants were the original Human settlers of Europe, as that is where the Khoisan Grimaldi entered Europe - note map.
As you can see from the map, the native Iberians were undoubtedly the same as Berbers.
The invaders were:
Blacks:
The Phoenicians - 1100-900 B.C.
The Etruscans - 800 - 700 B.C.
The Celts - 800 B.C.
Whites:
Greeks - 500 B.C.
Romans - 219 B.C.
From 400-600 A.D. Germanic tribes invaded the peninsula, namely the Suevi, Vandals, Alans, and Visigoths.
The BLACK Moors conquered the peninsula in 711 A.D. Did you get that Mazigh? I said The BLACK BLACK BLACK BLACK Moors, or do you still harbor your White Berber fantasy's?
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BTW Lioness - How good of you to include that "The Lady of Elche" was a bust of a non-native.
Which brings me to those lying piece-of-sh1t Krauts (Germans) in Spain and Portugal. Like the White people in North Africa, they are degenerate murders and liars.
Not only are they responsible for the deaths of 90 million people in the Americas. But they are also culture thieves. What part of their so-called culture is White or German?
Their national culture is based on two things: corrupt Catholicism, and bull fighting.
Obviously Catholicism is a corrupted version of the Black Hebrew religion.
Bull fighting is a corrupted version of an ancient Black sport, "Bull Jumping".
But of course, Blacks would never make sport of torturing and killing an already weakened animal, which has been speared repeatedly in the shoulders.
Blacks showed their bravery by "Leaping over" a charging Bull, which was at full strength!
(It may well be that the Whites in these frescoes are a modification).
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BTW Mazigh - All the while that I was putting together my post to you above, I was giggling. I know why you have this sudden interest in Iberia. Sad as you are, you can still read a map. You were hoping against hope, that you could make a connection between mythical ancient White Europeans and Berbers. Well I was very happy to dash your silly fantasy.
Get it through your head: Whites are NOT native to Europe, and they are certainly NOT Blacks who turned White. They were invaders in Europe, just like YOUR people were invaders in North Africa.
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and don't think about using Colonialism, they did not replace the people like they did in Europe, Asia, the Middle East...etc.
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Damn you're stupid, do you know how long Colonialism lasted, and the population of Africa? If you did, that would answer your question. I can't get over it, how the fuch did you get so stupid, and still managed to learn how to read and write? It's amazing!
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quote:Originally posted by Mike111: BTW Mazigh - All the while that I was putting together my post to you above, I was giggling.
question #1: was it in a little girl like manner?
quote:Originally posted by Mike111: Get it through your head: Whites are NOT native to Europe, and they are certainly NOT Blacks who turned White. They were invaders in Europe, just like YOUR people were invaders in North Africa.
question #2
Mike, respectfully, according to your albino theory, please explain to us- You say that whites were certainly not blacks who turned white. How can you say that. I though your old standby, the albino theory states exactly that, whites are blacks who turned white via albinism. Mike what gives? are you changing your view?
According to you theory it seems that there would have been this transition point where the European Negros had a couple of albino babies. They would have been a small minority. Then over time their numbers increased. Mike you have some explaining to do.
Instaed of having another tantrum, just educate us as to how this transition went down from European Negros, to them popping out a few white chilluns and how it progressed from there.
We need your scholarship on these issues
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quote:Originally posted by Mike111: Damn you're stupid, do you know how long Colonialism lasted, and the population of Africa? If you did, that would answer your question. I can't get over it, how the fuch did you get so stupid, and still managed to learn how to read and write? It's amazing!
No Natives blacks left in Europe,
No Native Blacks left in Asia
Natives blacks left in West, Central, and South Africa..
Question why did the white man not replace the blacks in the latter areas.
Did the whiteman fall off on his Take over the black civilization agenda, considering before he only had bronze weapons compared to Guns and Technology you would think the White man is getting soft.
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Lioness quote: "We need your scholarship on these issues."
How true.
And I will comply, because I believe in educating ALL of the ignorant.
But one thing, think you fool, where did I say the Albinos (European Whites) came from? It makes a difference.
It was a manly giggle.
Jari is just totally lost, no point in talking to him. But to answer his question will answer yours too.
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(It may well be that the Whites in these frescoes are a modification).
[/QB]
based on what, you scratching your ass?
Mazigh wants to know about the the pre Islamic era in Spain. The era immediately preceding al-Andalus is the Germanic rule under the Visigoths before that it was Hispania under the Romans. These preiods are both comprised of predominantly white people population. So the whole discussion about any theory of a transition from darker skinned people is a period prior to Mazigh's thread topic. he wants to know about the period right before the Islamic.
Another assumption you always make is that ancient people always disappear because of invaders. It's true in many cases but in others some groups may die due to things like starvation or other environmental causes or they may have just migrated out of the area. So in may cases prehistoric inhabitants may have been gone thousands of years before new settlers even came in.
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1) Asia is the original home of Dravidian Albinos (Central AND East Asia - Turks in East Asia), Mongols (East Asia), and Blacks (Central AND East Asia). There are artifacts to prove this, so please don't be stupid.
2) Europe was originally settled by Blacks, but there was never a large population of Blacks in Europe. Artifacts also prove this, so don't be stupid. Estimated population 2,000 B.C. (3 million total)
3) The first Whites (Albinos) in Europe were the Latins and Hellenes circa 1,200 B.C. Currently, no one knows what caused them to migrate into Europe. The sea people exodus proves that it was not a peaceful migration. But eventually they did co-mingle.
There are very few Hellenes and Latins in Europe today, the populations of Italy and Greece are heavily mixed with the next people to come, and by far the largest part of the Albino races, the Slavs and Germanic's.
4) Between about 200 A.D. and about 600 A.D. the ENTIRE Slavic and Germanic populations of Asia, were transplanted from Central Asia to Europe - there are currently NONE left in Asia. Time period - 400 years.
Unlike with the Hellenes and Latins, we know who was chasing them - the Black Huns. The Huns continued through until they reached Germany. Their European Empire encompassed Germany and all east of it. They stayed until Attila the Hun died in 453 A.D. after which time the Empire started to break-up.
European population 1000 A.D. - Estimates of the total population of Europe are speculative, but at the time of Charlemagne it is thought to have been between 25 and 30 million, and of this 15 million were in the Carolingian Empire that covered modern France, the Low Countries, western Germany, Austria, Slovenia, northern Italy and part of northern Spain.
The Turks of Central Asia were chased into Europe by the Huns, just like the other Whites.
Beginning at about 750 A.D. the Turks of East Asia were chased into Europe and the middle East by the Mongols, this resulted in the COMPLETE de-population of Whites in Asia, except for the Asian Whites in Xinjiang. There are currently NO pure-Whites in their former homelands!!!!!! They were ALL moved to Europe.
The Mongol invasions of Europe, under the leadership of Subutai, centered on the destruction of East Slavic principalities, such as Kiev and Vladimir. The Mongols then invaded the Kingdom of Hungary (Battle of Mohi) and the fragmented Poland (Battle of Legnica), the former invasion commanded by Batu Khan, a grandson of Genghis Khan, and the latter a diversion commanded by Kadan, also a grandson of Genghis Khan, though both invasions were also masterminded by Subutai.
The Mongols invaded Central Europe with three armies. One army defeated an alliance which included forces from the fragmented Poland and members of various Christian military orders, led by Henry II the Pious, Duke of Silesia in the battle of Legnica. A second army crossed the Carpathian mountains and a third followed the Danube. The armies re-grouped and crushed Hungary in 1241, defeating the Hungarian army at the Battle of Mohi on April 11, 1241. The devastating Mongol invasion killed half of Hungary's population.
The armies swept the plains of Hungary over the summer and in the spring of 1242, regained impetus and extended their control into Austria and Dalmatia and Moravia. The Great Khan had, however, died in December, 1241, and on hearing the news, all the "Princes of the Blood" (of Genghis Khan) went back to Mongolia to elect the new Khan.
Just so you ass-hole Albinos understand, if not for Genghis Khan dying unexpectedly, you would all have slanty eyes today.
The Americas 1492 - indigenous population 100 million.
The Americas 1650 - indigenous population 15 million.
In the 19th century ALONE over 50 million Albino people left Europe for the Americas.
Africa 1885 - Population - maybe a billion, in an area encompassing, ALL of Europe, the United States including Alaska, and China, with room to spare!
The 1885 Berlin Conference, initiated by Bismarck to establish international guidelines for the acquisition of African territory.
By 1965 ALL of the Albinos had been kicked out of Africa (total time, LESS than 100 years!), except the backward South Africans - 1996 for them.
So Jari - you slow-witted idiot. Do you see how original population, invading population, and time, effects what the CURRENT people looks like?Posts: 22721 | Registered: Oct 2005
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Lioness quote; "Another assumption you always make is that ancient people always disappear because of invaders. It's true in many cases but in others some groups may die due to things like starvation or other environmental causes or they may have just migrated out of the area. So in may cases prehistoric inhabitants may have been gone thousands of years before new settlers even came in."
Lioness why are you such an idiot?
The Phoenicians - 1100-900 B.C.
The Etruscans - 800 - 700 B.C.
Were TRADING COLONIES - idiot.
You Albinos are always hoping and wishing for an opening to defend your bogus history. It ain't happening - it's nothing but lies, accept it!
1) Asia is the original home of Dravidian Albinos (Central AND East Asia - Turks in East Asia), Mongols (East Asia), and Blacks (Central AND East Asia). There are artifacts to prove this, so please don't be stupid.
Dravidian is a term used to refer to the diverse groups of people who natively speak languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. Populations of speakers are found mostly in southern India. Other Dravidian people are found in parts of central India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Pakistan. You seem to have your own unique definition of Turkish people being white Dravidians. What is this based on? What is the proof aaprt from picture spam? The Dravidians are from around India, between India and Turkey is a substantial distance including Afghanistan and Iran. India is at the same latitude as Arabia. Turkey is further north. What is your proof that Turks are Dravidian? In light of the fact that Afghanistan and Iran are in between Turkey and India and in fact both closer to India does this means that the Afghans and Iranians are also Dravidian?
Also why do you make a separate category for Dravidian and "blacks"? I'm not even referring to what you call "white Dravidians" I'm talking about the dark Dravidians that speak the Dravidian language family. They are very dark yet you don't call them "black" why not? What is their origin before they arrived in India? Since everyone came from Africa they must have been Africans.
2) Europe was originally settled by Blacks, but there was never a large population of Blacks in Europe. Artifacts also prove this, so don't be stupid. Estimated population 2,000 B.C. (3 million total)
Africa has the highest rate of albinism in terms of the type of albinism in which a person of strong pigmentation produces a child suddenly and dratsically different with little to no pigmentation. Given that this type of albinism occurs in Africa and if dark skinned Africans were in prehistoric Europe how do you know they weren't the ones who produced albinos who you claim are "white people" and would eventually become the majority in Europe?
3) The first Whites (Albinos) in Europe were the Latins and Hellenes circa 1,200 B.C. Currently, no one knows what caused them to migrate into Europe. Are we to assume that the Latins and Hellenes were also descendants of Dravidians?
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I think you lost the point. White and black might be an interesting topic, since i can help us understanding other aspects on interculuation. But til now, the point is firsly giving a sketch on the Iberian history.
Well, it seems difficult to understand a part of the history without understanding all the hisotory, nevetheless, we have heve first to begin with a one part.
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“Spain is shaped like a gigantic bull’s hide stretching in the sun between Europe and Africa. Spain’s large area of 195,379 square miles (506,030 square kilometers) covers about five sixths of the Iberian Peninsula. In Western Europe, only France is larger. At its widest Spain stretches some 635 miles (1,022 kilometers) from east to west. From north to south the country is about 550 miles (885 kilometers) long.”
Spain has a coastline which stretches in some parts for 1,700 miles (2,740 kilometers) along the Mediterranean Sea from the eastern end of the Pyrenees mountain chain to the Strait of Gibraltar. Spain shares with Portugal the peninsula’s coast which borders the Atlantic.
Since ancient times Spain has been physically and culturally a part of Africa because both land mass used to share a common land bridge across what is now the Strait of Gibraltar. Whereas Spain was physically connected with Africa in the ancient times and was only separated by an earth quake in relatively near antiquity, it was always separated physically and culturally from Europe by the Pyrenees Mountain.
According to the Encyclopedia Britannica:
“Of all Europe’s mountain ranges, the jagged and often snowcapped Pyrenees, 270 miles (435 kilometers) long, have functioned most effectively as a barrier to human movement. Unlike the Alps, the Pyrenees have no low foothills or hospitable valleys to ease access into and through their heights. Rather, the Pyrenees rise abruptly from the flanking plains of France and Spain with only steep gorges and steep-walled natural amphitheaters that lead to almost impassable lofty summits. The French peasant’s adage, Africa begins with the Pyrenees, is not without a large measure of truth in emphasizing the historic significance of the Pyrenees as a barrier in the development of Spain. In the words of the U.S. historian Will Durant, Spain’s mountains, particularly the Pyrenees, “were her protection and tragedy: they gave her comparative security from external attack, but hindered her economic advance, her political unity, and her participation in European thought.ť The continued political independence of the tiny principality of Andorra is largely a result of its remote location amid the Pyrenees between France and Spain.” (Encyclopedia Britannica )
The Moorish Story:
The ancient Maghreb which spanned Morrocco and Algeria has been populated for longer than most of the rest of the world. There is evidence of people living there as far back as 200,000 BC, and cave paintings depict a fairly vibrant Neolithic culture living thriving around 6000 BC, when the climate of the Sahara was very different.
Then the area that is now Sahara had giant lakes, and lush savannah land teeming with wild life. Cultural complex were developed in that area and extended to nearby Iberia, onward across Southern Europe as far as Black sea. These people have been called various confusing names (such as Cro-Magnons, Aurignacians, Grimaldi, Celto-Iberians, etc) by European anthropologists to hide their African cultural roots. Eventually the various peoples who lived in the Central Sahara area formed the people now known as the Touaregs/Moors/Berbers.
At its shortest point to Africa, Spain is separated by a strait of water about 8 kilometers in width. It is possible to stand on one end of Africa and observe actions on the Spanish side of the coast. Racist Euro-centric scholars would want us to believe that for 100, 000 years, the Africans who lived on the opposite side of the Mediterranean coast were so incurious and incapable that they could not cross an 8 mile water strait, whereas the Cro-Magnon man could do a 10,000 kilometers trek crossing the impassable Mount Pyrenees, a mountain of barrier against ingress from Europe and successfully established themselves successfully in Spain. But the ridiculousness of such a thesis is self-evident. In full recognition of the fact that Africans were the first to establish communities on both side of the Mediterranean coast, classical scholars have used such moniker as “Ibero-maurisian” culture to describe the early inhabitants of Spain. Maurisian stands for Maures…Africans.
Since the earliest periods, the Moors(including the Berbers) had spread out from Central Sahara, Northern Africa, into Portugal Southern Spain, and Southern France. Those in North Africa are described as the Berber/Moors of North Africa while those in Spain are described as the ancient Iberians (Ibero-Maurisians). Those in the Mediterranean are called the pre-Hellenistic Aegean or Creteans. (See: Arnaiz-Villena A, Iliakis P, Gonzalez-Regueiro Hevilla M et al. The origin of Cretan populations as determined by characterization of HLA alleles. Tissue Antigens 1999 53:213-26. See further, E. Gomez-Casado, P. del Moral, J. Marti´nez-Laso, A. Garcia-Gomez, L. Allende, C. Silvera-Redondo, J. Longas, M. Gonzalez-Hevilla, M. Kandil, J. Zamora, A. Arnaiz-Villena; HLA genes in Arabic-speaking Moroccans: Close relatedness to Berbers and Iberians; Tissue Antigens 2000: 55: 239249.)
Berbers of Libya
North Africa and the Mediterranean had in later antiquity fallen under the influence of the Black Carthaginians/Phoenicians sailors. Originally from the Horn of Africa, the Carthaginian/Phoenicians a sea faring migratory people, had settled in Canaan/Palestine and Syria. A group of them later journeyed back again to their original motherland Africa, but this time they settled along the coast of Tunisia.
The Phoenicians had arrived around 800 BC. They formed an alliance with the Berber groups which enabled them to gained power rapidly. They eventually became the most influential and strongest power in the Mediterranean partly due to their largely Berber-staffed army. They controlled the Northwest coast of Africa as well as the Iberia the regions where the Berbers have lived in since the earliest human records. They founded the Iberian city of Cadiz among many others.
Carthage and Roman were soon colliding since it was that the Romans had tried to muscle in on the lucrative maritime routes controlled exclusively by the Carthaginian Empire. The trade competition led to armed conflict known in history as the Punic wars. Carthage lost both of the Punic wars to regional upstart Rome.
After losing the first Punic War to Rome, many Berbers became disaffected with the regional power Carthage and thus rebelled and gained a large amount of independence. In modern-day Algeria, then called Numidia, two main kingdoms emerged. These eventually united under Masinissa, who teamed up with Rome (and especially with Scipio Africanus) to launch devastating attacks on Carthage.
It was also in the course of the second Punic wars that the great African General Hannibal mobilized in North Africa and Iberia and then marched into the Roman Empire and ceased most of its European territories. Hannibal actually ruled western European section of the Roman Empire with the exception of the city of Rome itself which gates he had reached several times before being fought off.
Eventually Carthage lost the Punic wars and Hannibal committed suicide after having been betrayed and disappointed by high-ranking officials of Carthage. Rome thereupon destroyed Carthage, took over possession of its territories including the Iberian Peninsula and shared out to its vassals and client states.....
Roman administration continued with the age old cosmopolitan flavour of coastal North Africa and southern Iberia. Soon wide-flung persons were immigrating into North Africa and Iberia. Of these, were elements of the defunct Carthage, others were Jewish traders, Greek and Roman Christians, and some Nordic Vandals, Suebians, Alans, and Gothic guests, who later proved inimical to the political security of the region. These all lived with the traditional owners of the land the Maures (the Blacks) of Iberia and North Africa.
Following the disturbances created in areas of Europe outside the Roman Empire (central Europe) by the advancing armies of the oriental Huns in 4th century A.D. who destroyed virtually every resistance to their onslaught, many Danubian or Ostro Goths, Vandals and Alans migrated from central Europe to the relative safety of Northern and Central Spain. It was not long before those tribes were infiltrating the southern shores of Spain and France where the Berber/Moors had lived from time immemorial which was at that time under Roman administration. (Edward Gibbon: The History of the Decline and Fall of The Roman Empire – Vol 2. See XXV)
Sooner than one would have thought, those Nordic Vandals, Alans and Goths who were later called Visigoths (western Goths as opposed to the Ostrogoths, aka the eastern Goths) had become a dire security threat for the Roman administrators of the Berber principalities of old Iberia.
Spain was overrun by barbaric Vandals following the fall of the Iberian Roman administration in 409 AD. The Visigoths in turn defeated the Vandals and ran them out of Iberia into North Africa. The Visigoths quickly established an administration to fill in the void and chaos that marked the declining period of the Roman Empire about the fifth century AD. Though they were Christians, their brand of Christianity was cruel and unjust. For this reason, the people of Roman Spain, Maures/Berbers, Jews, serfs, and slaves looked hopefully for a time of liberation from such foul oppression. The Gothic kingdom of Spain lasted from 460 AD to 711 AD. (See:The Story of The Moors in Spain (1886) – Stanley Lane-Poole )
The Vandals who were booted out of Spain in the wake of the Visigoth advance then moved over to the Maghreb and seized control briefly. The Vandals were the unkindest sort of Arian barbarians, led by King Gaiseric. They persecuted orthodox Christians terribly until they themselves were booted out of the region in 533 by Justinian of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire).
The Byzantines, however, were not very good administrators and it was not long before the area grew restive. Islamic Umayyad Caliphate was a rising power of this period and quickly took advantage of the popular disaffection to increase the number of Muslim converts. The Islamic penetration began in 642 AD, and by 711 AD, had converted a great many Berbers to Islam and conquered the whole of North Africa.
This led to a long and very confusing period of time of being ruled and fought over by various Islamic caliphates and related sects. The eastern part tended to come under the control of dynasties centered in Tunisia, such as the Aghlabids and the Zayanids, while the west fell under the sway of Morocco-based powers such as the Almoravids and the Almohads. The Fatimid dynasty, based out of Algeria, began their rise to power in the 10th century.
Africans, Moors and Arabs:
One must recall that the concept of Arab nationality/race (as a sub-race of the Caucasians) was non-existent until it was created by the western political powers in the late 19th and early 20th century as a ploy to undermine the Ottoman Turk Empire.
The concept of Arab as a racial identity different from the dominant black cultures of Middle East and the horn of Africa was also non-existent at the time of Mohammed and at the time when the so called Arab invasion of Africa (a term coined and promoted by European Aryan scholarship) occurred.
Black Arab of Shibam, Yemen Arab refers to a language and culture not to racial origin. The Arabs are indeed a mixture of different peoples. Arabs themselves recognize to come from two unrelated patriarchs: Qahtan (Southern Arabs) and Adnan (Northern Arabs), to be respectively identified with a Sabean the Afro-Arabs, and the Ishmaelites pale-skin Arabs linked with Kurds and Turkish groups. (Encyclopedia Britanicca ‘Origin of the Arabs“, http://www. britannica.com/eb/article-45294?hook=484896#484896.hook. Visited on 20/08/06)
Habib Hassan Touma in his book Music of the Arabs (1996, p.xviii) holds that “an ‘Arab’, in the modern sense of the word, is one who is a national of an Arab state, has command of the Arabic language, and possesses a fundamental knowledge of Arabian tradition, that is, of the manners, customs, and political and social systems of the culture.” Thus, contrary to the popular media representation of “Arab” this term does not denote any particular phenotype, race or colour. Rather it indicates a cultural system that evolved through cross-fertilization of thoughts across many centuries.
Geographically Africa is connected with Middle East through the Sinai. The land of North East Africa and Middle East share the similar type of climate, topography, fauna and flora. Moreover, the Red Sea has never been a barrier to communication and contact between the people that lived along its coast lines.
Thus, the Middle East was always an extension of Africa. One wonders why there is a middle-east region but no middle-west region of the earth defined by geography. It is further observed that the term central Asia is another way of saying middle east, yet the current geographically identified region of central Asia is not anywhere near middle east. One then wonders about the parameters that have been used in defining the region currently known as the middle-east.
In the beginning, early Africans peopled the Middle East. Those Africans introduced language, culture, agriculture, masonry, writing, and sciences into Middle East. For instance, the Semitic language is an East African language, first developed and spoken in Africa before being introduced into the Middle East. (Spencer Wells, The Journey of Man, 2002, p. 106)
Ancient historical accounts do not make any distinctions between Africa and Middle East. One of the earliest political principalities of Arabia was also called Kush, the name of the earliest political Empire in Africa, Ethiopia-Kush.
Then again Africans came into Middle East and settled. They came as immigrant groups like the Kushites, the Egyptians, the Punitians/Phoenicians (People of Punt). They blended together and became the later Black Israelites, the Black Syrians and Canaanites) They established themselves in the land and built many amazing cultures and civilizations. The builders of these civilizations maintained very close trade and cultural linkages with their African motherland. Accordingly, there have always been constant interchanges of cultural and commercial contact between the African peoples of East Africa and the African peoples of Middle East. (See, Hamito-Semitic Africa: )
Middle East is the centre of many of the world’s biggest religions. Undoubtedly the African continent and its people played significant roles in the formation of those religions. The literatures and liturgies of those religions recount the cultural centrality of Africa in their cosmogony. Ethiopia, Libya, Kush and Egypt feature constantly in the Torah, Bible, Koran and the Hadiths. This is another clear indication of the significance of Africa to the people of the Middle East. (See Kebra Negast, The Bible, The Koran, etc)
Furthermore, just as is testified by the currently living Black Palestinians, Iraqis, Iranians, Saudi Arabians, Kuwait, Oman, Yemen, etc, black people have always been the original population of Middle East and they remain an integral part of that geographical zone to this very day. The paler skinned Arabs who constitute the media definition of Arab are comparatively recent immigrants into the Middle East. Yet, those paler type Arabs have so inter-mixed with the original black owners of Middle East that they have become a sub-group of the black African race and culture. It is impossible to tell between a morphologically black Arab and a paler Arab, which is “more ethnically pure.
Archeological and skeletal analyses confirm that black Africans were the first and original inhabitants of Arabia. Genetic studies further confirm the close biological relationship between the people of Middle East and Africa. The fact is that the entire Middle East is virtually suffused with markers of African genetic imprints that it can be correctly described as a part of Africa which European imperialism pursuing religious bias have appropriated culturally. It is always interesting that there is a culturally and geographically defined place as Middle East but there is no Middle West.
In the aftermath of the fall of Rome, many of its former provinces and colonies were thrown into a state of insecurity and chaos. Material progress was in retrogression and the outlook on life across the territories of the former imperial power was not very bright.
In the beginning of the seventh century, the Arab prophet, Muhammad, began to preach the word of Islam. Consumed with religious fervor, Arabs both black and pale, sought to spread the message of Islam to the entire world.
By the year 708 AD, Islam had penetrated North Africa. North Africa was until then a province of the Byzantine Empire and hence under the influence of Christianity. Consequently, many African Moors accepted Islam in large numbers, and began using Arabic, the language of Islam as the national language.
As the Muslim administrators aspired to cosmopolitanism, many immigrants moved into the great centers of the Islamic religion. Many Arabs, (again both Afro and pale), moved from the Middle East to the better opportunities offered by North Africa, with its ancient connections to ancient Egypt and metropolitan Rome, as well as scientific, trade and administrative know-how. Moreover, there was the usual Jewish community found universally across North Africa and the Middle East, as well as Syrians, and some southern Europeans.
The Conquest of Iberia:
With order reigning again in the land of the Moors, and a re-flowering of culture and learning in its wake, it was inevitable that the chaotic condition that Spain had been turned into by the Nordic Goths would have to be redressed.
Preparations were soon put in place for the liberation of Iberia from the rule of the neo-paganic Christian Goths who had wrought great and terrible depredations on the land. Tarik, a great African general was chosen to lead the Moorish Islamic army sent to raid Spain.
On April 30, 711, Tarik landed on the Spanish Coast with 7,000 troops. His troops consisted of 300 Arabs and 6,700 native Africans (Moors). A muslim writer, Ibn Husayn (ca. 950) denoted these troops as “Sudanese”, an Arabic denotation for the citizens of the then dominant African Empire of the Central Sahara).
The Moors were unstoppable, and Visigothic Spain ceased to be. The few resisting Visigoths fled to the caves of the Cantabrian Mountains. It was only later in the ages that those people would venture out of the Cantabrian Mountains and reclaim parts of northern Spain. The Black African Moors established the most important Iberian principality and ruled Spain for 700 years thereafter.
The next installment of this series will demonstrate the most fundamental contributions the Moors made to the taming and civilization of Europe, and how their impact is still felt even 500 years later after their defeat and unjust expulsion from Spain.
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