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Chosen1
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http://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=CNG.e4a5c99551e28f7d9fd2b30cb3dcbf78.381&show_article=1
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Djehuti
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^ Interesting Euronut-Exposed, but do you know anything about the actual origins of boating and boat making in the Nile Valley?

The Wadi of the Horus Qa-a: A Tableau of Royal Ritual Power in the Theban Western Desert[/b]

John Coleman Darnell (1)

 - Figure 8

The first vessel from the left (Figure 8) is one of a small number of early depictions of vessels with sails in Egyptian(10) and Nubian(11) art; again, in terms of location of the sail on the vessel, and considering the surrounding imagery, the sail and vessel in the Wadi of the Horus Qa-a recall the similarly located sail in the vessel carrying the prisoner on the most elaborate incense burner from Qustul.(12) Although most of the other vessels with sails in early Egyptian and Nubian depictions have high upturned prows and sterns, and are of Naqada III date, the vessel in the Wadi of the Horus Qa-a tableau belongs to the tradition of boat depictions on Naqada II Decorated Ware. Given the similarity of the Qa-a tableau vessels to those of Tomb 100 and Decorated Ware pottery depictions, the Qa-a Wadi boat with sail is apparently the earliest known depiction of a sail.(13)

 -

1. The following is a shortened version of a portion of “The Wadi of the Horus Qa-a: a New Tableau of Royal Ritual Power in the Theban Western Desert,” in R. Friedman, ed., Egypt at its Origins 3, Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium on Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt (Leuven, forthcoming).

Qustul by the way is the Nubian kingdom of Ta-Seti.

And then we have this:

Nubian (Mesolithic) Boat

Discovery
The earliest evidence for an ancient boat on the Nile is a rock art pictograph that dates to the Mesolithic. The El Salha Archaeological Project of the Italian Institute for African and Oriental Studies has been working in the central Sudan since the fall of 2000. The project's priority is the archeology of the Mesolithic and Neolithic cultures of this region of the Nile Valley. Of great interest to maritime archeology is an elongated burial mound on the west bank of the Nile, 25 km south of Omdurman. Beneath this Post-Meriotic burial and disturbed deposits was a compact, homogeneous layer of the Khartoum Mesolithic. Diagnostic gastropods were in this layer and radiocarbon dating delineates a time span of 7050 to 6820 BC.

An important artifact that speaks to the early history of boat design and ship building was found in the Khartoum Mesolithic layer. A recognizable outline of Nile boat had been cut into a granite pebble. This is the oldest known representation of a Nile boat, and the oldest depiction of a boat that is more advanced in design than a canoe. The dating of this pictograph pushes back the earliest evidence for Nile boats by 3,000 years.


Boat Design / Steering

Some detail and aspects of boat construction can be inferred from the image on the granite pebble, as first reported by D. Usai and S. Salvatori in December, 2007. The back half of the boat image is in the best state of preservation. A steering system and cabin are situated at the approximate center of the boat. A composite steering system can be discerned with a tiller placed at a greater than 45° angle with a long pole ending in an ovoid blade. Tiller and pole with blade are fixed to the top of a vertical yoke. Boat and steering system design resemble those painted on the walls of Badarian huts and pottery jars. There are similarities with some boats depicted in rock engravings in Nubia (Sudan); and those painted on walls and pottery in the Gerzan and Nagada cultures of Predynastic Egypt. “In particular the image of a steering gear fixed to a vertical pole inserted in the stern upper hull can be found in boat rock engravings from the Abka region in Sudanese Nubia; and from Akkad which is south of the third Cataract on the left bank of the Nile in the Northern Dongola Reach. The blade strongly resembled those of the boat of El Khab. This kind of composite helm was still in use on Egyptian ships built during the New Kingdom. The dome-like cabin on the upper hull is also a well known feature on boat representations dating to the Gerzean and Predynastic periods in Egypt and Nubia.” The Khartoum Mesolithic boat may be said to represent the end of important, coordinated developments in boat design. The specific features of the boat depicted on the rock from the 16 D-5 site must have been designed earlier in the Nubian Mesolithic. As this approach to hull design, cabin layout and steering mechanism are found on boats thousands of years later, it had been judged the best possible architecture for small and medium size Nile boats during the Khartoum Mesolithic. As the first and best choice in Nile boat nautical architecture, this design persisted in boat building tradition for several thousand years. Slight modifications would produce either a fishing or cargo boat...

Original source here: The Oldest Representation of a Nile Boat by D. Usai & S. Salvatori, Antiquity Vol 81 issue 314 December 2007.

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Calabooz '
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^Thanks 4 the share, DJ.

--------------------
L Writes:

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If what you posted above is true, why did black sub-saharan africans never sail to the nearest islands to them in boats?

Madagascar was first inhabited by Indonesians.

Most other islands off africa were uninhabited until white european explorers found them.

Yet we are expected to believe blacks were in boats as early as the mesolithic?

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Calabooz '
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^Dude, you're so stupid. The evidence of boat[s] in the Khartoum Mesolithic is clear as day.

Question: Do you know what the "Nile" is

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-Just Call Me Jari-
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Madagascar has a African Population.
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Sundjata
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quote:
Originally posted by Djehuti:
[QB] ^ Interesting Euronut-Exposed, but do you know anything about the actual origins of boating and boat making in the Nile Valley?

The Wadi of the Horus Qa-a: A Tableau of Royal Ritual Power in the Theban Western Desert[/b]

John Coleman Darnell (1)

 - Figure 8

The first vessel from the left (Figure 8) is one of a small number of early depictions of vessels with sails in Egyptian(10) and Nubian(11) art; again, in terms of location of the sail on the vessel, and considering the surrounding imagery, the sail and vessel in the Wadi of the Horus Qa-a recall the similarly located sail in the vessel carrying the prisoner on the most elaborate incense burner from Qustul.(12) Although most of the other vessels with sails in early Egyptian and Nubian depictions have high upturned prows and sterns, and are of Naqada III date, the vessel in the Wadi of the Horus Qa-a tableau belongs to the tradition of boat depictions on Naqada II Decorated Ware. Given the similarity of the Qa-a tableau vessels to those of Tomb 100 and Decorated Ware pottery depictions, the Qa-a Wadi boat with sail is apparently the earliest known depiction of a sail.(13)

 -

1. The following is a shortened version of a portion of “The Wadi of the Horus Qa-a: a New Tableau of Royal Ritual Power in the Theban Western Desert,” in R. Friedman, ed., Egypt at its Origins 3, Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium on Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt (Leuven, forthcoming).

Qustul by the way is the Nubian kingdom of Ta-Seti.


^Indeed, there's no denying the common origin:

quote:
How did Nubia relate to Egypt during the A-Group?

The scenes depicted on the Qustul Incense Burner have excited considerable interest and discussion - why would seemingly Egyptian symbols have been used in Nubia?

One interpretation is that Nubian A-Group rulers and early Egyptian pharaohs used related royal symbols. Similarities in rock art of A-Group Nubia and Upper Egypt support this position.

Another view suggests that the decoration was carved by Nubians in imitation of Egyptian art and rituals. In this perspective, A-Group Nubian rulers would have emulated the symbols of Egyptian pharaohs, whose prestige and power were evident

http://oi.uchicago.edu/museum/nubia/aqib.html

^Since NOTHING "supports the latter position" then what else are we to conclude?

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xyyman
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Africans sailing ?

I usually don't expend my typing energy on statements like these. These hillbillies are so fugking stupid their mom should of had an abortion. What a waste of sperm. Father should of jerked off instead.

Their statements are totally illogical. It is all emotional fervor to get you riled up. Ignore the fuckgers. Do what you do.

If Africans were not sailing we(all humans) all would be "sub-saharans" today. . .


tic! toc! tic! toc!. . . . .

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xyyman
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Thank God for sub-saharans. . . . .he! he! He!

These hill billies are irrelevant. Just kidding on the God thing, being A-religious.

=====

The questionable contribution of the Neolithic and
the Bronze Age to European craniofacial form
C. Loring Brace*†, Noriko Seguchi‡, Conrad B. Quintyn§, Sherry C. Fox¶, A. Russell Nelson_, Sotiris K. Manolis**,
and Pan Qifeng††
*Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; ‡Department of Anthropology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812;
§Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Bloomsburg, PA 17815-1301; ¶Weiner Laboratory, The American School of Classical Studies
at Athens, GR-106 76 Athens, Greece; _Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; **Faculty of Biology, National and
Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-157 81 Athens, Greece; and ††Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100710,
People’s Republic of China

Many human craniofacial dimensions are largely of neutral adaptive
significance, and an analysis of their variation can serve as an
indication of the extent to which any given population is genetically
related to or differs from any other. When 24 craniofacial
measurements of a series of human populations are used to
generate neighbor-joining dendrograms, it is no surprise that all
modern European groups, ranging all of the way from Scandinavia
to eastern Europe and throughout the Mediterranean to the
Middle East, show that they are closely related to each other. The
surprise is that the Neolithic peoples of Europe and their Bronze
Age successors are not closely related to the modern inhabitants,
although the prehistoric_modern ties are somewhat more apparent
in southern Europe
. It is a further surprise that the Epipalaeolithic
Natufian of Israel from whom the Neolithic realm was
assumed to arise has a clear link to Sub-Saharan Africa.
Basques
and Canary Islanders are clearly associated with modern Europeans.
When canonical variates are plotted, neither sample ties in
with Cro-Magnon as was once suggested. The data treated here
support the idea that the Neolithic moved out of the Near East into
the circum-Mediterranean areas and Europe
by a process of demic
diffusion but that subsequently the in situ residents of those areas,
derived from the Late Pleistocene inhabitants, absorbed both the
agricultural life way and the people who had brought it.

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Natufian of Israel from whom the Neolithic realm was assumed to arise has a clear link to Sub-Saharan Africa
=======

Pseudo-history.

The Natufian = Negroid claim has no academic support, it is just based on one report by Arthur Keith over 60 years ago.

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Calabooz '
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^Can you find anything that contradicts the RECENT report above? I hope you realize that xxxyman is quoteing C. Loring Brace 2005 who in turn summarizes his findings? Obviously the craniofacial analysis from RECENT reports do support that the Natufians had a sub-Saharan morphological element

--------------------
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Can you find anything that contradicts the RECENT report above?
======

Its not a report. It contains no sources. Its worthless, but this is all you afrocentric cranks resort to - quote mining fragments from articles which are not even substantiated.

There is no evidence sub-saharan africans were in the middle-east during the neolithic times. If you think there is, feel free to post it. You need actual sources which contain evidence.

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xyyman
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retard cannot read either

--------------------
Without data you are just another person with an opinion - Deming

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You are one dumb idiot.

You selectively quote out of an entire article, don't provide a link or the sources and then moan when someone rejects it.

Perhaps you are just here for comedy.

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What also happened to these negroid natufians? Why were the ancient peoples of Israel Caucasoid?

Where did the negroids go?

Let me guess - another afrocentric fantasy of black men interbreeding with white woman.

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Clyde Winters
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quote:
Originally posted by cassiterides:
What also happened to these negroid natufians? Why were the ancient peoples of Israel Caucasoid?

Where did the negroids go?

Let me guess - another afrocentric fantasy of black men interbreeding with white woman.

LOL. You're funny.

The founders of civilization in South
West Asia were the Anu people, archaeologists call
Natufians. By 13,000 BC, according to J.D. Clark ("The
origins of domestication in Ethiopia", Fifth
Panafrican Congress of prehistory and quaternary
Studies, Nairobi,1977)
the Natufians were collecting
grasses which later became domesticated crops in
Southwest Asia. In Palestine the Natufians established
intensive grass collection. The Natufians used the
Ibero-Maurusian tool industry (see F. Wendorf, The
History of Nubia, Dallas,1968, pp.941-46)
. These
Natufians , according to Christopher Ehret ( "On the
antiquity of agriculture in Ethiopia", Jour. of
African History 20, [1979], p.161)
were small stature
folk who spread agriculture throughout Nubia into the
Red Sea. The Natufians took the Ibero-Maurusian tools
into Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.

The Natufians practiced evulsion of the incisors
the same as Bantu people and inhabitants of the
Saharan fringes.

The modern civilizations of the Middle East wree
created by the Natufians.Since the Natufians came from
Nubia, they can not be classified as Euorpeans, as you
claim in your post.


Trenton W. Holliday,in "Evolution at the Crossroads:
Modern Human Emergence in Western Asia, American
Anthropologist,102(1) [2000]
, tested the hypothesis
that if modern Africans had dispersed into the Levant
from Africa, "tropically adapted hominids" would be
represented in the archaeological history of the
Lavant, especially in relation to the Qafzeh-Skhul
hominids. This researcher found that the Qafzeh-Skhul
hominids (20,000-10,000),were assigned to the
Sub-Saharan population, along with the Natufians
samples (4000 BP). Holliday also found African fauna
in the area.

Holliday confirmed his hypothesis that the
replacement of the Neanderthal people were Sub-Saharan
Africans. This shows that there were no European types
in the Middle East Between 20,000-4,000BP. Moreover,
we clearly see the continuity between African culture
from Nubia to the Levant.

There were no caucasoids in Europe until probably after 1200 BC.

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Calabooz '
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quote:
Originally posted by cassiterides:
Can you find anything that contradicts the RECENT report above?
======

Its not a report. It contains no sources. Its worthless, but this is all you afrocentric cranks resort to - quote mining fragments from articles which are not even substantiated.

There is no evidence sub-saharan africans were in the middle-east during the neolithic times. If you think there is, feel free to post it. You need actual sources which contain evidence.

You dumbass, it is a scientific report published by several biological anthropologists in a peer-reviewed Journal:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1325007/


Of course the article is substantiated you retard, unless you are unable to understand the craniofacial measurments they used to compare the similarities and differences of living human populations and their prehistoric predecessors

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Still waiting for you two retards to post the evidence the Natufians were negroid.

All you are doing is quote-mining and distorting articles. Might i add most articles cited above are also from the 1960's/70's, yet hypocritically if someone posts an article proving the Natufians were not black from that period (e.g. Coon) you would claim it is outdated.

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Since the Natufians came from
Nubia,
==========

where is the evidence for this?

Still waiting.

According to Calabooz ' is based on cranial measurements....

Kind of odd though that the afrocentrics in another thread deny that races exist and that physical anthropology is racist and outdated.

Just more afrocentric contradiction.

You will accept negroid skulls exist, but not Caucasoid.

You are picking and choosing.

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KING
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cassiterides

Here is an article from 1932 bear with me in this article claims the Natfuians as cannibals because they were regarded as "Negroes"

BONES OF CANNIBALS A PALESTINE RIDDLE
Wireless to THE NEW YORK TIMES.
New York Times 1857; Aug 4, 1932; ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851 - 2003)
pg. 21


Negroid people of 5000 B. C.Unlike Any Modern Race Described by Keith.

ATE BODIES OF ENEMIES
Men, Short of Stature, Burned Bones of Dead After Burial, London Session Hears.
TEETH OF WOMEN DRAWN
Linking relics to Burnt Skeletons from Ur scientist speculate an old cremation custom.

Wireless to NEW YORK TIMES London Aug. 3

Seven or eight thousand years ago in what geologist call modern times a race of negroid cannibals lived In Palestine, burned the bones of their dead after burial, and devoured the bodies of their enemies.
Skulls and thighbones of this race were unearthed within the last four years, first at Shukbah near Jerusalem and later in caves at Mount Carmel, and because they puzzled the excavators who found them they received the new name “Natufians.”
Today the first authoritative account of them was given by Sir Arthur Keith to the congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences and showed them to be one of the greatest riddles of archaeology.
They were clearly a Negroid people, said Sir Arthur, with wide faces flat- noses and long large heads.
They were short of stature 5 feet 3 or 4 inches tall-and their thighs and legs were remarkably strong. While their arms and shoulders were weak.
Alone Among prehistoric peoples they had a custom of extracting the two upper central incisor teeth of their women. Jagged holes in the fronts of their skulls indicate that they ate human brains.

Unlike Any present Race.

They may have been ancestors or the Arabs or Semites of biblical times, in Sir Arthur's opinion. They had some facial characteristics like those of the Neolithic or late Stone Age men of Malta and the remoter Aurignacian men of Southern Europe. But whatever the similarities sir Arthur declared, they lived between 5000 and 6000 B. C. and cannot be identified with any race on earth today.
In addition to all these riddles, Sir Arthur propounded another linking them unaccountably to ancient Ur of the Chaldees and the prehistoric man of South Africa.
From piles of charred and fragmented bones found in Palestine-mostly women's bones- Sir Arthur concluded they did not cremate their dead, but burned them long after burial.
"By a strange coincidence," he said. "At the time the burnt remains came to me Leonard Woolley sent me a box of human remains from under the foundations of Ur. These burnt bones from Ur-of about the third dynasty also represented not ordinary cremation-cremation of dead bodies clothed with flesh-but Cremation of dried skeletons. In the remains from Ur women's bones were preponderant.
“Two years ago Miss Gertrude Catton-Thompson sent me burned bones from under the foundations of Zimbabwe in Southern Rhodesia.
These represented the skulls of two women which had been burned long after the flesh had disappeared from them.
Was there once a custom in ancient times of digging up the bones of ancestors and then subjecting them to an ordeal of fire?”
Boxes of charred bones from Palestine were on the table while Sir Arthur spoke, together with a dozen curiously shaped reddish skulls that stared across the lecture room. Scientists who listened were startled and bewildered. Miss Dorothy Garrod, British Archaeologist, who had found the remains while working for the British School of Archaeology and the American School of Prehistoric Studies, assured the audience that they were comparatively modern and they were of the Mesolithic period.
Natufian remains, it should be remembered, are in no way connected with the more recent discoveries of a new race of fossil men, also in caves, near Mt Carmel. The fossil men, so remarkably different from all others yet found, became extinct in the remotely distant past, while the Natufians may still have been living when the first city-states of Sumeria arose.
Sir Arthur based his conclusions today on twenty comparatively complete skulls of eighty-seven found by Miss Garrod.

Cites Features of Race

“Several features stand out quite definitely'' he asserted; first the Natufians were a long-headed people - they had cap-shaped occiputs (the lower back part of the head). Secondly, the dimensions or their heads were greater than in the pre-dynastic Egyptians. Thirdly, their faces were short and wide. Fourthly, they were prognathous (with projecting jaws). Fifthly, their nasal bones were not narrow and high, but formed a wide, low arch. Sixthly, their chins were not prominent, but were masked by the fullness of the teeth-bearing parts of the jaw.
“The Natufians at Shukbah seem to have practiced cannibalism, for it is only by making this supposition that one can explain the cutting and fracturing of bones. The characters of the cuts and the broken surfaces show the bones were still in a fresh state when the damage was done. I believe the Shukbah people ate human brains.”
The cannibalism theory was strongly disputed by Professor Elliott smith, eminent geologist, who said he was entirely skeptical of it. Also Professor Smith said it was not uncommon in Egypt to find burned bones in graves.
“But it is a question of remarkable interest to know what these charred bones mean,” he said. “And if it should be shown that cutting teeth was in vogue it will make us revise all our knowledge, for the earliest instance we know is in 300 B.C.”
Professor Smith objected, too, that it was hardly possible that these people had had Negro blood, but Sir Arthur speedily corrected him. By the word Negroid he meant merely Negro-like characteristics such as are found throughout Europe and even in Scandinavia. Sir Arthur drew the inference that the Natufians had carried Aurignacian culture into Palestine after the last glacier age, which was approximately 35000 years ago.
Later Sir Arthur read and discussed a paper form Lewis S. B. Leakey, British Archaeologist working in East Africa, announcing the discovery of a new kind of anthropoid ape from an imaginary far-off Lower Pliocene period of perhaps a million years ago.
It was just a fragment of bone that Sir Arthur held up for the audience to see – a piece of limb bone, he said, of a great ape like the chimpanzee.
“Maybe this is the Miocene ancestor of the chimpanzee,” he said, “or the common ancestor of the gorilla and the chimpanzee.”
Unlike Dr. Leakey’s announcement of Oldoway man, now thoroughly discredited, his latest find made a deep impression on the scientists present.

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KING
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cassiterides

I see that you have not come back to this thread..Why?

You attack people and claim them as afrocentric, yet when given info that refutes your claim, you turn tail and run. Stop being so ignorant.

Peace

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Calabooz '
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quote:
Originally posted by cassiterides:
[QB] Since the Natufians came from
Nubia,
==========

where is the evidence for this?

Still waiting.

According to Calabooz ' is based on cranial measurements....

No, not according to me. According to the canonical variate plot used to place samples in Brace et al's study.

quote:
Kind of odd though that the afrocentrics in another thread deny that races exist and that physical anthropology is racist and outdated.

Just more afrocentric contradiction.

You will accept negroid skulls exist, but not Caucasoid.

You are picking and choosing.

You retard, nobody on this forum ever claimed physical anthropology is outdated or racist, the concept of race is. What you fail to understand is that physical anthropology does NOT support the idea of "races". Learn the facts of human variation. Cranial morphology asymptotically approaches a mean ω of 0.3, based on the data from Hubbe (2010) MEANING that human populations from the same geographic region do not form discrete clusters, and since terminology like "Negroid" and "Caucasoid" relies on the idea that humans can form discrete clusters, it fails right there.


Saying that there was a "sub-Saharan" element present in the Natufians based on their intermediate position on the canonical variate plot, does not in any way support the idea of human races as cranial morphology can asses biological affinities.

Posts: 1502 | From: Dies Irae | Registered: Oct 2010  |  IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
   

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