posted
Recently the show, "Finding Your Roots with Professor Henry Gates" on public broadcasting was run in the United States showing that comedienne Wanda Sykes and singing artist John Legend like several other black celebrities so far tested by Gates showed in fact biological affiliation with Fulani of Cameroon or Peul (Woodabe).
It is all the more interesting since the kind of testing done appears to be based more on the haplotype paternal and maternal lineages rather than the more comprehensive autosome-based testing.
On another posting on this site I had posted some photos of individual celebrities who I had suspected had some proportion of Fulani ancestry, among them were Wanda Sykes.
Both celebrities had other biological affiliation of course including some European roots.
I just think it is interesting given the small number of individuals that have been tested in public or private that are coming out Fulani when such people are among those the Euronutzies are so desperately trying to change into non-"Negroes" or people with significantly "Caucasoid" ancestry, as did early colonialists.
Fulani were one among many but a major proportion of the West African ancestors in black America. It is probable that many basketplayers in the U.S. will at some point be proven to have a lot of both Fulani and Tuareg ancestry given the extraordinary stature of many of the latter.
John Legend
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Hassan et al (2008) tested 26 Fulani Y-Chromosomes and over 1/2 had 8 - 20% Eurasian Caucasoid Y-DNA.
Fulani also don't consider themselves Black. They are against mixing with Negroid populations around them, calling them "hyenas, apes, and asses" (Dupire 1962) and intermarriage is considered "eating the fruit of the bitter black plum tree" (Stenning 1959) Posts: 1575 | From: - | Registered: May 2011
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It's funny how the comedian above is posting rubbish of 21 Fulani's being tested. There are over 20 mil Fula.lol
Of course some have mixed during the expansion of Islam. That doesn't mean all 20 mil or more did/ are. lol
Another fault they make is, they don't give the locations villages if you will, in which they have "tested" their biased samples.
quote:Originally posted by dana marniche: Recently the show, "Finding Your Roots with Professor Henry Gates" on public broadcasting was run in the United States showing that comedienne Wanda Sykes and singing artist John Legend like several other black celebrities so far tested by Gates showed in fact biological affiliation with Fulani of Cameroon or Peul (Woodabe).
It is all the more interesting since the kind of testing done appears to be based more on the haplotype paternal and maternal lineages rather than the more comprehensive autosome-based testing.
On another posting on this site I had posted some photos of individual celebrities who I had suspected had some proportion of Fulani ancestry, among them were Wanda Sykes.
Both celebrities had other biological affiliation of course including some European roots.
I just think it is interesting given the small number of individuals that have been tested in public or private that are coming out Fulani when such people are among those the Euronutzies are so desperately trying to change into non-"Negroes" or people with significantly "Caucasoid" ancestry, as did early colonialists.
Fulani were one among many but a major proportion of the West African ancestors in black America. It is probable that many basketplayers in the U.S. will at some point be proven to have a lot of both Fulani and Tuareg ancestry given the extraordinary stature of many of the latter.
John Legend
Of course it's well known that African Americans can have Fulani ancestry. Fulani's are widespread all over West Africa, stretching to the North and East.
They show similar facial traits as during the Neolethic.
The skeletical remains are similar too.
And of course paranoid Anglo envys this legacy.
Posts: 22235 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Anglo_Pyramidologist: Fulani are Caucasoid admixed.
Hassan et al (2008) tested 26 Fulani Y-Chromosomes and over 1/2 had 8 - 20% Eurasian Caucasoid Y-DNA.
Fulani also don't consider themselves Black. They are against mixing with Negroid populations around them, calling them "hyenas, apes, and asses" (Dupire 1962) and intermarriage is considered "eating the fruit of the bitter black plum tree" (Stenning 1959)
I guess you meant Fulani who are less Eurasian than millions of African Americans do not consider themselves what Europeans call black?
That still leaves them the ancestors of millions of "Negro" Americans.
Fulani of Cameroon
I doubt very seriously that other Africans care about these people calling them "asses".lol!
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quote:Originally posted by Anglo_Pyramidologist: Fulani are Caucasoid admixed.
Hassan et al (2008) tested 26 Fulani Y-Chromosomes and over 1/2 had 8 - 20% Eurasian Caucasoid Y-DNA.
Fulani also don't consider themselves Black. They are against mixing with Negroid populations around them, calling them "hyenas, apes, and asses" (Dupire 1962) and intermarriage is considered "eating the fruit of the bitter black plum tree" (Stenning 1959)
I guess you meant Fulani who are less Eurasian than millions of African Americans do not consider themselves what Europeans call black?
That still leaves them the ancestors of millions of "Negro" Americans.
Fulani of Cameroon
I doubt very seriously that other Africans care about these people calling them "asses".lol!
But Dana how dear you, he the paranoid Anglo is an expert on Fulani history, culture and tradition. He even cited b.s. book titles.
PLoS One. 2008 Aug 14;3(8):e2995.
Lakeside cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 years of holocene population and environmental change.
Sereno PC et al.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Approximately two hundred human burials were discovered on the edge of a paleolake in Niger that provide a uniquely preserved record of human occupation in the Sahara during the Holocene ( approximately 8000 B.C.E. to the present). Called Gobero, this suite of closely spaced sites chronicles the rapid pace of biosocial change in the southern Sahara in response to severe climatic fluctuation.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:
Two main occupational phases are identified that correspond with humid intervals in the early and mid-Holocene, based on 78 direct AMS radiocarbon dates on human remains, fauna and artifacts, as well as 9 OSL dates on paleodune sand. The older occupants have craniofacial dimensions that demonstrate similarities with mid-Holocene occupants of the southern Sahara and Late Pleistocene to early Holocene inhabitants of the Maghreb. Their hyperflexed burials compose the earliest cemetery in the Sahara dating to approximately 7500 B.C.E. These early occupants abandon the area under arid conditions and, when humid conditions return approximately 4600 B.C.E., are replaced by a more gracile people with elaborated grave goods including animal bone and ivory ornaments.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:
The principal significance of Gobero lies in its extraordinary human, faunal, and archaeological record, from which we conclude the following: The early Holocene occupants at Gobero (7700-6200 B.C.E.) were largely sedentary hunter-fisher-gatherers with lakeside funerary sites that include the earliest recorded cemetery in the Sahara.Principal components analysis of craniometric variables closely allies the early Holocene occupants at Gobero with a skeletally robust, trans-Saharan assemblage of Late Pleistocene to mid-Holocene human populations from the Maghreb and southern Sahara.Gobero was abandoned during a period of severe aridification possibly as long as one millennium (6200-5200 B.C.E).More gracile humans arrived in the mid-Holocene (5200-2500 B.C.E.) employing a diversified subsistence economy based on clams, fish, and savanna vertebrates as well as some cattle husbandry.Population replacement after a harsh arid hiatus is the most likely explanation for the occupational sequence at Gobero.We are just beginning to understand the anatomical and cultural diversity that existed within the Sahara during the Holocene.
posted
The Peul(Fulani) are spread over all of West Africa. In Guinea(Conakry) they are the largest of the 3 main ethic groups--Maninka, Peul and Soussou. The generic Peul is ie lean and short statured with variable features. They are strictly African in comportment and LOL at Anglo-P never ever consider themselves anything but black. I should know because I know the Peuls inside out.
The best-viewed these days is Demba Bah, star soccer player for Newcastle. Google his image and you will see what a Peul generally looks like. By the way, Bah is from Senegal. I also believe that Abdoulaye Wade, ex-president of Senegal is also Peule buy of Toucouleur expression.
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The Peul(Fulani) are spread over all of West Africa. In Guinea(Conakry) they are the largest of the 3 main ethic groups--Maninka, Peul and Soussou. The generic Peul is ie lean and short statured with variable features. They are strictly African in comportment and LOL at Anglo-P never ever consider themselves anything but black. I should know because I know the Peuls inside out.
The best-viewed these days is Demba Bah, star soccer player for Newcastle. Google his image and you will see what a Peul generally looks like. By the way, Bah is from Senegal. I also believe that Abdoulaye Wade, ex-president of Senegal is also Peule buy of Toucouleur expression.
People who don't live in Africa don't realise that there are very tall people among all the groups but the tallest are generally from Senegal.
In fact, the most admixed group in West Africa re the Dogon of Mali--who are generally very dark in complexion. See the Tishkoff study for the ethnic genetic break down in West Africa. But in all of this the predominant haplotypes are E1b1a L1 and L2.
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quote:Originally posted by lamin: The Peul(Fulani) are spread over all of West Africa. In Guinea(Conakry) they are the largest of the 3 main ethic groups--Maninka, Peul and Soussou. The generic Peul is ie lean and short statured with variable features. They are strictly African in comportment and LOL at Anglo-P never ever consider themselves anything but black. I should know because I know the Peuls inside out.
The best-viewed these days is Demba Bah, star soccer player for Newcastle. Google his image and you will see what a Peul generally looks like. By the way, Bah is from Senegal. I also believe that Abdoulaye Wade, ex-president of Senegal is also Peul buy of Toucouleur expression.
Interesting - some guy I dated back in college told me Fulani were short too, but he was part Hausa. I guess the "generic Peul" people who are part, Toucoulor (Tekruri) or Hausa, would not best describe the Woodabe or Bororo who came southward from the Mauretanian Adrar region and are of extreme height. According to some references including Basil Davidson many nearly 7 feet in height. I noticed these differences myself among the Peul-speakers a while back.
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posted
One must understand that expansive ethnic groups are like nations in that you would find varied phenotypical expressions therein. For this reason some Peul are fair in complexion while others are quite dark.
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The Fulani are Caucasoid admixed, they don't consider themselves to be ''Black'' either. They look down on the broad traits of surrounding Negroids (they tend to have thinner noses and orthognathism through their Caucasoid admixture).
They are against mixing with Negroid populations around them, calling them "hyenas, apes, and asses" (Dupire 1962) and intermarriage is considered "eating the fruit of the bitter black plum tree" (Stenning 1959)...
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quote:Originally posted by Anglo_Pyramidologist: The Fulani are Caucasoid admixed, they don't consider themselves to be ''Black'' either. They look down on the broad traits of surrounding Negroids (they tend to have thinner noses and orthognathism through their Caucasoid admixture).
They are against mixing with Negroid populations around them, calling them "hyenas, apes, and asses" (Dupire 1962) and intermarriage is considered "eating the fruit of the bitter black plum tree" (Stenning 1959)...
The Fulani have no more Caucasoid blood than the average Songhoi or Hausa who European colonialists had also decided were part white.
Hutu didn't like Watusi either and African tribes will insult each other. I have heard Maronites call Muslim Lebanese monkeys and so what does that mean.
And lets not get into what the English called the Irish.
Southern Italians, Portuguese, Greek and Spaniards are black admixed, "Negroid" admixed.
And no African group considered themselves "blacks" until you Anglophiles and other Europeans came.
Watusi and Fulani and other black African people are not long-faced long-nosed and orthagnathic through their intermixing with "Caucasoids" who tend to have squarish heads and traits unless they have some Mediterranean blood.
Some of the Fulani during their long stay in North Africa and the Mediterranean, however may have gotten mixed with the prominent or hooked nosed "Caucasoids" who began settling as Scythians in pre-Christian North Africa (Libya) - as indicated by some of the mulatto types wearing hair styles of the early Libyans i.e. ancestral Fulani.
Most importantly, Fulani are on the average as dark and/or blacker than the African American Negro - their descendants.
Don't project your phenotypic dislikes onto African people. They mostly got them, as did many people around the world, from your type in colonial times.
"Broad features" are found in many beauties throughout Africa especially among Congolese women such as this.
Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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quote:Originally posted by Anglo_Piss Pot: The Fulani are Caucasoid admixed, they don't consider themselves to be ''Black'' either. They look down on the broad traits of surrounding Negroids (they tend to have thinner noses and orthognathism through their Caucasoid admixture).
They are against mixing with Negroid populations around them, calling them "hyenas, apes, and asses" (Dupire 1962) and intermarriage is considered "eating the fruit of the bitter black plum tree" (Stenning 1959)...
Your citation is only prove that it's complete bullsh*t.
quote:Originally posted by Anglo_Pyramidologist: The Fulani are Caucasoid admixed, they don't consider themselves to be ''Black'' either. They look down on the broad traits of surrounding Negroids (they tend to have thinner noses and orthognathism through their Caucasoid admixture).
They are against mixing with Negroid populations around them, calling them "hyenas, apes, and asses" (Dupire 1962) and intermarriage is considered "eating the fruit of the bitter black plum tree" (Stenning 1959)...
Your citation is only prove that it's complete bullsh*t.
Indeed. The only thing that seperates African tribes is "local culture".
Posts: 1819 | From: odesco baba | Registered: Feb 2005
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quote:Originally posted by Anglo_Pyramidologist: The Fulani are Caucasoid admixed, they don't consider themselves to be ''Black'' either. They look down on the broad traits of surrounding Negroids (they tend to have thinner noses and orthognathism through their Caucasoid admixture).
They are against mixing with Negroid populations around them, calling them "hyenas, apes, and asses" (Dupire 1962) and intermarriage is considered "eating the fruit of the bitter black plum tree" (Stenning 1959)...
The Fulani have no more Caucasoid blood than the average Songhoi or Hausa who European colonialists had also decided were part white.
Hutu didn't like Watusi either and African tribes will insult each other. I have heard Maronites call Muslim Lebanese monkeys and so what does that mean.
And lets not get into what the English called the Irish.
Southern Italians, Portuguese, Greek and Spaniards are black admixed, "Negroid" admixed.
And no African group considered themselves "blacks" until you Anglophiles and other Europeans came.
Watusi and Fulani and other black African people are not long-faced long-nosed and orthagnathic through their intermixing with "Caucasoids" who tend to have squarish heads and traits unless they have some Mediterranean blood.
Some of the Fulani during their long stay in North Africa and the Mediterranean, however may have gotten mixed with the prominent or hooked nosed "Caucasoids" who began settling as Scythians in pre-Christian North Africa (Libya) - as indicated by some of the mulatto types wearing hair styles of the early Libyans i.e. ancestral Fulani.
Most importantly, Fulani are on the average as dark and/or blacker than the African American Negro - their descendants.
Don't project your phenotypic dislikes onto African people. They mostly got them, as did many people around the world, from your type in colonial times.
Broad features are found in many beauties throughout Africa especially among Congolese women.
quote:Originally posted by Anglo_Pyramidologist: The Fulani are Caucasoid admixed, they don't consider themselves to be ''Black'' either. They look down on the broad traits of surrounding Negroids (they tend to have thinner noses and orthognathism through their Caucasoid admixture).
They are against mixing with Negroid populations around them, calling them "hyenas, apes, and asses" (Dupire 1962) and intermarriage is considered "eating the fruit of the bitter black plum tree" (Stenning 1959)...
The Fulani have no more Caucasoid blood than the average Songhoi or Hausa who European colonialists had also decided were part white.
Hutu didn't like Watusi either and African tribes will insult each other. I have heard Maronites call Muslim Lebanese monkeys and so what does that mean.
And lets not get into what the English called the Irish.
Southern Italians, Portuguese, Greek and Spaniards are black admixed, "Negroid" admixed.
And no African group considered themselves "blacks" until you Anglophiles and other Europeans came.
Watusi and Fulani and other black African people are not long-faced long-nosed and orthagnathic through their intermixing with "Caucasoids" who tend to have squarish heads and traits unless they have some Mediterranean blood.
Some of the Fulani during their long stay in North Africa and the Mediterranean, however may have gotten mixed with the prominent or hooked nosed "Caucasoids" who began settling as Scythians in pre-Christian North Africa (Libya) - as indicated by some of the mulatto types wearing hair styles of the early Libyans i.e. ancestral Fulani.
Most importantly, Fulani are on the average as dark and/or blacker than the African American Negro - their descendants.
Don't project your phenotypic dislikes onto African people. They mostly got them, as did many people around the world, from your type in colonial times.
Broad features are found in many beauties throughout Africa especially among Congolese women.
You were right patrol, I have to take the time watch this now as its fascinating.
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'HAMPATE BA: Voilà un sosie des patriarche de la grande nation TUTSI tel que tout un chacun dans mon enfance les a connus sur les hautes plateaux du Burundi, Rwanda, Kivu, Buha, Karagwe, Toro... Ces immersions dans l'eau du fleuve, avec les bovins, comme rite de purification (i.e. la mikveh juive) sont pratiquées par les Tutsi à des occasions précises. Ce MENTAL du peul "jamais surpris, jamais émerveillé, pcq le peul vit dans la merveille" est une perle de la sagesse Tutsi. Merci grand oncle BA."
I found this on one of the Fulani videos. Rather interesting comment about the practices being similar of Tutsi and Fulani being similar.
-------------------- D. Reynolds-Marniche Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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quote:Originally posted by Anglo_Pyramidologist: The Fulani are Caucasoid admixed, they don't consider themselves to be ''Black'' either. They look down on the broad traits of surrounding Negroids (they tend to have thinner noses and orthognathism through their Caucasoid admixture).
They are against mixing with Negroid populations around them, calling them "hyenas, apes, and asses" (Dupire 1962) and intermarriage is considered "eating the fruit of the bitter black plum tree" (Stenning 1959)...
The Fulani have no more Caucasoid blood than the average Songhoi or Hausa who European colonialists had also decided were part white.
Hutu didn't like Watusi either and African tribes will insult each other. I have heard Maronites call Muslim Lebanese monkeys and so what does that mean.
And lets not get into what the English called the Irish.
Southern Italians, Portuguese, Greek and Spaniards are black admixed, "Negroid" admixed.
And no African group considered themselves "blacks" until you Anglophiles and other Europeans came.
Watusi and Fulani and other black African people are not long-faced long-nosed and orthagnathic through their intermixing with "Caucasoids" who tend to have squarish heads and traits unless they have some Mediterranean blood.
Some of the Fulani during their long stay in North Africa and the Mediterranean, however may have gotten mixed with the prominent or hooked nosed "Caucasoids" who began settling as Scythians in pre-Christian North Africa (Libya) - as indicated by some of the mulatto types wearing hair styles of the early Libyans i.e. ancestral Fulani.
Most importantly, Fulani are on the average as dark and/or blacker than the African American Negro - their descendants.
Don't project your phenotypic dislikes onto African people. They mostly got them, as did many people around the world, from your type in colonial times.
Broad features are found in many beauties throughout Africa especially among Congolese women.
quote:Originally posted by dana marniche: 'HAMPATE BA: Voilà un sosie des patriarche de la grande nation TUTSI tel que tout un chacun dans mon enfance les a connus sur les hautes plateaux du Burundi, Rwanda, Kivu, Buha, Karagwe, Toro... Ces immersions dans l'eau du fleuve, avec les bovins, comme rite de purification (i.e. la mikveh juive) sont pratiquées par les Tutsi à des occasions précises. Ce MENTAL du peul "jamais surpris, jamais émerveillé, pcq le peul vit dans la merveille" est une perle de la sagesse Tutsi. Merci grand oncle BA."
I found this on one of the Fulani videos. Rather interesting comment about the practices being similar of Tutsi and Fulani being similar.
Here is a lecture by Dr. Keita, he explains a thing or two on certain implications in genetic testings of African populations. And how sequences at times are complete off. Because of the faults geneticist have made in the past relating to African populations.
Which is why Anglo Piss Pot's citation is complete poo. Keita also addresses this issue, of the colonial mindset.
quote:Originally posted by Anglo_Pyramidologist: Fulani are Caucasoid admixed.
Hassan et al (2008) tested 26 Fulani Y-Chromosomes and over 1/2 had 8 - 20% Eurasian Caucasoid Y-DNA.
Now comes the funniest part,
Some Fulani's are in autosomal genetically related to the a lesser degree with Baggara Arabs and more so with Chadic people. The Chadic sample is probebly what they've sequeced as "eurasian" lol
And this is a Baggara Arab.
Posts: 22235 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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posted
Baggara Arabs in Sudan The bulk of so called "baggara Arabs" live in Chad. The rest live, or seasonally migrate to, southwest Sudan (specifically the southern portions of Darfur and Kordofan),and slivers of the Central African Republic, South Sudan, and Niger. Collectively they do not all necessarily consider themselves one people, i.e., a single ethnic group. The term "baggara culture" was introduced in 1994 by Braukämper. The political use of term "baggara" in Sudan denote a particular set of tribes is limited to Sudan;It often means a coalition of majority Black tibes (mainly Fur, Nuba and Fallata) with other Arab tribes of western part of Sudan (mainly Guhayna), as oppose to Bedouin Abbala Arab tribesThe origin of the Baggara is undetermined. According to a 1994 research paper, the group arose in Chad from 1635 onwards through the fusion of an Arabic speaking population with a Fulani population.[2] DNA tests indicate they have a common lineage with Chadic and Fulani speakers.[3] Like other Arabic speaking tribes in the Sahara and the Sahel, Baggara tribes have origin myths claiming ancestry from specific Arab tribes who migrated directly from the Arabian peninsula or from other parts of north Africa
Posts: 42937 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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posted
Funny how this impostor African American woman above is quick to play the game of trying to discredit my info. A straight c/p from a bullshit wiki page is what this impostor used. Yet, the nazi propaganda ironically is being ignored. You are a complete idiot, without even realizing it! But I can see how you tapped to wrong account by accident, in a hyped circumstance. And ironically just like Anglo Piss Pot this person L'ass too thinks its an expert on everything, including Fulani history and culture. As long as this filth can discredit African input it is satisfied. See the pattern?lol
The Shuwa Arabs are commonly referred to as the "Baggara." This name is derived from the Arabic word bagar, meaning "cow," and refers to the Arab tribes in West Africa who are cattle herders.
Tiskoff et al. has sequeces of them in a paper by her.
It completely destroys your bullshit.Yup, it does!
Posts: 22235 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by the lioness: Baggara Arabs in Sudan The bulk of so called "baggara Arabs" live in Chad. The rest live, or seasonally migrate to, southwest Sudan (specifically the southern portions of Darfur and Kordofan),and slivers of the Central African Republic, South Sudan, and Niger. Collectively they do not all necessarily consider themselves one people, i.e., a single ethnic group. The term "baggara culture" was introduced in 1994 by Braukämper. The political use of term "baggara" in Sudan denote a particular set of tribes is limited to Sudan;It often means a coalition of majority Black tibes (mainly Fur, Nuba and Fallata) with other Arab tribes of western part of Sudan (mainly Guhayna), as oppose to Bedouin Abbala Arab tribesThe origin of the Baggara is undetermined. According to a 1994 research paper, the group arose in Chad from 1635 onwards through the fusion of an Arabic speaking population with a Fulani population.[2] DNA tests indicate they have a common lineage with Chadic and Fulani speakers.[3] Like other Arabic speaking tribes in the Sahara and the Sahel, Baggara tribes have origin myths claiming ancestry from specific Arab tribes who migrated directly from the Arabian peninsula or from other parts of north Africa
Do you know where the quotation mark symbol is on your computer? START USING QUOTES FOR THINGS YOU HAVE NOT WRITTEN!. Or go back to school!
You are the only one who takes whole entire passages from other people that does this on this forum.
WHY - NEANDERDUMBDUMB?
Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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quote:Originally posted by lamin: The best-viewed these days is Demba Bah, star soccer player for Newcastle. Google his image and you will see what a Peul generally looks like. By the way, Bah is from Senegal.
I also believe that Abdoulaye Wade, ex-president of Senegal is also Peule buy of Toucouleur expression.
I can confirm you that Wade is part Peul, his mother and my Maternal Grandfather's mother were sisters.
We are Peul from Senegal , but some part of the family came from Mali ( Nioro)
Peul can be light skin, but also ebony with silky hair => we have both phenotypes in the family (maternal side)
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posted
I personally have seen Fulani from Guinea and the Senegambia region that look exactly like the Cameroon Fulani and Bororo. One is a very tall very dark, handsome guy that owns a restaurant in Harlem.
-------------------- D. Reynolds-Marniche Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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quote:Originally posted by Anglo_Pyramidologist: Fulani are Caucasoid admixed.
Hassan et al (2008) tested 26 Fulani Y-Chromosomes and over 1/2 had 8 - 20% Eurasian Caucasoid Y-DNA.
Now comes the funniest part,
Some Fulani's are in autosomal genetically related to the a lesser degree with Baggara Arabs and more so with Chadic people. The Chadic sample is probebly what they've sequeced as "eurasian" lol
And this is a Baggara Arab.
yes I know colonialists mention the Fulani/Djarafin Atab tribal connection in Sudan in colonial times.
Woman of Terapin Arabs
I think the Djarafin were a branch of the Rebi'a Arabs. They may be the tribe that was called Tarapin in Arabia/Palestine.
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posted
But first look I can tell if the guy is Fulani or Not. Pam Grier looks Fulani as hell. Fulanis women are among the jewels of African beauty
-------------------- The wise man knows he knows nothing, the fool thinks he knows all Posts: 70 | From: Paris / France | Registered: Dec 2009
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quote:Originally posted by Nehesy: But first look I can tell if the guy is Fulani or Not. Pam Grier looks Fulani as hell. Fulanis women are among the jewels of African beauty
I mentioned Pam Grier in my other posting on probable Fulani descendants in America. I think Snoopdog or Broadus is another one.
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How a dinosaur hunter uncovered the Sahara's strangest Stone Age graveyard
On October 13, 2000, a small team of paleontologists led by Paul Sereno of the University of Chicago clambered out of three battered Land Rovers, filled their water bottles, and scattered on foot across the toffee-colored sands of the Ténéré desert in northern Niger. The Ténéré, on the southern flank of the Sahara, easily ranks among the most desolate landscapes on Earth. The Tuareg, turbaned nomads who for centuries have ruled this barren realm, refer to it as a "desert within a desert"—a California-size ocean of sand and rock, where a single massive dune might stretch a hundred miles, and the combination of 120-degree heat and inexorable winds can wick the water from a human body in less than a day. The harsh conditions, combined with intermittent conflict between the Tuareg and the Niger government, have kept the region largely unexplored.
Sereno, a National Geographic Society explorer-in-residence and one of the world's most prolific dinosaur hunters, had led his first expedition into the Ténéré five years earlier, after negotiating agreements with both the leader of a Tuareg rebel force and the Niger Ministry of Defense, allowing him safe passage to explore its fossil-rich deposits. That initial foray was followed by others, and each time his team emerged from the desert with the remains of exotic species, including Nigersaurus, a 500-toothed plant-eating dinosaur, and Sarcosuchus, an extinct crocodilian the size of a city bus. The 2000 expedition, however, was his most ambitious—three months scouring a 300-mile arc of the Ténéré, ending near Agadez, a medieval caravan town on the western lip of the desert. Already, his team members had excavated 20 tons of dinosaur bones and other prehistoric animals. But six weeks of hard labor in this brutal environment had worn them down. Most had mild cases of dysentery; several had lost so much weight they had to hitch up their trousers as they trudged over the soft sand; and everyone's nerves had been on edge since an encounter with armed bandits.
Mike Hettwer, a photographer accompanying the team, headed off by himself toward a trio of small dunes. He crested the first slope and stared in amazement. The dunes were spilling over with bones. He took a few shots with his digital camera and hurried back to the Land Rovers.
"I found some bones," Hettwer said, when the team had regrouped. "But they're not dinosaurs. They're human."
Heat, thirst, and, for the moment, dinosaurs were forgotten as the team members followed Hettwer back to the three dunes and began to gingerly survey their slopes. In just a few minutes they had counted dozens of human skeletons. Parts of skullcaps pushed up through the sand like upturned china bowls; jawbones clenched nearly full sets of teeth; a tiny hand, perhaps a child's, appeared to have floated up through the sand with all its finger bones intact. "It was as if the desert winds were pulling them from their final resting places," said Hettwer. Insinuated among the human bones was a profusion of clay potsherds, beads, and stone tools— finely worked arrowheads and axheads and well-worn grindstones. There were also hundreds of animal bones. In addition to antelope and giraffe, Sereno quickly recognized the remains of water-adapted creatures like crocodiles and hippos, then turtles, fish, and clams. "Everywhere you turned, there were bones belonging to animals that don't live in the desert," said Sereno. "I realized we were in the Green Sahara."
For much of the past 70,000 years, the Sahara has closely resembled the desert it is today. Some 12,000 years ago, however, a wobble in the Earth's axis and other factors caused Africa's seasonal monsoons to shift slightly north, bringing new rains to an area nearly the size of the contiguous United States. Lush watersheds stretched across the Sahara, from Egypt to Mauritania, drawing animal life and eventually people.
Archaeologists have inventoried the stone tools used by these early inhabitants and the patterns inscribed on their ceramics. They have also identified thousands of their rock engravings, which depict herds of ostriches, giraffes, and elephants. Some of the images suggest that along the way the people of the Green Sahara learned to domesticate cattle. But they remain veiled in mystery. Did they arrive here from the Mediterranean coast, central African jungles, or Nile Valley? Were they nomads, or did they stake out territories and build settlements? Did they trade with each other and intermarry, or did they wage war, or both? As the monsoons began to recede, how did they cope with a drying landscape? The only part of the story that then seems clear is that by some 3,500 years ago the desert had returned. The people vanished.
Seeking answers to such questions is normally the domain of anthropologists and archaeologists—not dinosaur hunters. But Sereno had become transfixed by the discovery. "There is something soul stirring about looking into the face of an ancient human skull and knowing this is my species," he said. Whenever he could steal a moment from his paleontological work, he pored through every scholarly publication he could find on the Green Saharans, tracked down the authors and badgered them with emails full of questions. Sometimes he would read all night before downing a cup of coffee and heading back to his lab. In 2003, during another dinosaur expedition in Niger, he took three days off to revisit the dunes and survey the site, counting at least 173 burials. To dig any deeper, however, would require more time, money, and expertise.
In the spring of 2005 Sereno contacted Elena Garcea, an archaeologist at the University of Cassino, in Italy, inviting her to accompany him on a return to the site. Garcea had spent three decades working digs along the Nile in Sudan and in the mountains of the Libyan Desert, and was well acquainted with the ancient peoples of the Sahara. But she had never heard of Paul Sereno. His claim to have found so many skeletons in one place seemed far-fetched, given that no other Neolithic cemetery contained more than a dozen or so. Some archaeologists would later be skeptical; one sniped that he was just a "moonlighting paleontologist." But Garcea was too intrigued to dismiss him as an interloper. She agreed to join him.
"I was impressed that he hadn't just ignored the burials and continued looking for dinosaurs," she told me.
They arrived at the site six months later. Clad in a salt-stained T-shirt and jeans, Sereno, vibrating with energy, powered up the first of the three dunes, identifying animal bones with nearly every stride—giraffe vertebra … hippo ulna … gazelle humerus. Garcea, a petite woman in unwrinkled chinos and a tennis hat, followed at a more measured pace, bending at the waist to scrutinize each item.
At the top, they surveyed a macabre scene. Around them lay dozens of human skeletons in various degrees of completeness, far more than Garcea had seen at all her other digs combined. Nonetheless, she seemed more interested in what looked to me like tiny gray chunks of gravel. "They're potsherds," she said, and held up one inscribed with a pointillistic pattern. She identified the markings as belonging to a people known to scholars as the Tenerian, a nomadic herding culture that lived during the latter part of the Green Sahara era, 6,500 to 4,500 years ago. Then she picked up another piece. She studied it for a moment, looking perplexed. Instead of little dots, this sherd was decorated with wavy lines. She picked up another like it, then another. "These are Kiffian," she said, her voice rising with excitement.
Garcea explained that the Kiffian were a fishing-based culture and lived during the earliest wet period, between 10,000 and 8,000 years ago. She held a Kiffian sherd next to a Tenerian one. "What is so amazing is that the people who made these two pots lived more than a thousand years apart."
Over the next three weeks, Sereno and Garcea—along with five American excavators, five Tuareg guides, and five soldiers from Niger's army, sent to protect the camp from bandits—made a detailed map of the site, which they dubbed Gobero, after the Tuareg name for the area. They exhumed eight burials and collected scores of artifacts from both cultures. In a dry lake bed adjacent to the dunes, they found dozens of fishhooks and harpoons carved from animal bone. Apparently the Kiffian fishermen weren't just going after small fry: Scattered near the dunes were the remains of Nile perch, a beast of a fish that can weigh nearly 300 pounds, as well as crocodile and hippo bones.
Garcea suspected that the Tenerian had made most of the stone tools. Nearly three-fourths of them were hewed from a strange green volcanic rock that bore a glasslike sheen and yielded razor-sharp edges when fractured. The abundance of green flakes on the dunes indicated that the Tenerian spent long periods of time at Gobero making and sharpening their tools. "But it's possible they lived part of the time at the place where they quarried the green rock," said Garcea. One of the Tuareg said he had seen big boulders of it in the Aïr mountains, some hundred miles to the northwest.
At dusk the heat gave way to the cool evening air, and the camp divided into three groups. The soldiers, dressed in threadbare fatigues and combat boots with no socks, gathered around their fire, speaking Hausa, Niger's dominant language. At the Tuareg fire, the guides removed their linen chèches, which they kept neatly wound around their faces during the day. They reclined on foam mattresses, served each other strong, sugary tea, and quietly discussed Niger's restive politics in their native Tamashek. Meanwhile, the dig team cooked couscous and freeze-dried vegetables on a propane stove, eating by the light of their headlamps. Their conversations focused on the stark differences in the burials. Some appeared to be little more than a tight bundle of bones, as if the body had been bound or squeezed into a basket or a leather bag, which had long since decomposed. These compact burials belied the fact that some of these individuals were surprisingly large—as much as six feet eight inches tall, with thick bones suggesting they had been well muscled.
By contrast, other skeletons belonged to much smaller people, about five-and-a-half feet tall. They were buried on their sides in relaxed positions, as if they had fallen asleep and drifted into death. Some of their graves contained beads, arrowheads, or animal bones. But since no potsherds were found in the burials, it wasn't clear which were Kiffian and which were Tenerian. Until the age of the bones could be determined, no one could say for sure. And what had led the Tenerian to bury their dead in the exact same spot as the Kiffian had laid theirs to rest, thousands of years earlier?
"Perhaps the Tenerian found the Kiffian burials and recognized this place as sacred," Garcea offered. "It's possible they thought these bones belonged to their own ancestors."
The search for answers could not wait long. Gobero held at least 200 burials, which would take several field seasons to excavate. But the constant desert wind was eroding the site year by year, scattering the bones down the sides of the dunes. An even more dire concern was looters. Officials in Niger have identified close to a hundred Stone Age sites in the and report that nearly all were looted before they could be excavated. Often Tuareg traveling in camel caravans find the sites and scavenge artifacts to sell to dealers in Agadez, who in turn sell them illicitly to tourists. Though the Niger government has outlawed the sale of antiquities, only Gobero and one other site remained unlooted.
Members of the dig team suspected that a few of the soldiers were picking up artifacts as they patrolled the site's perimeter. When confronted by Sereno, they denied it. One night by the Tuareg fire, I asked one of the guides whether he thought anyone might pilfer artifacts. He shrugged. "When you are hungry and your children are hungry, what can you do?" Another confided to me that over the years he had collected a small number of artifacts during his travels in the desert. He produced a leather pouch that held an array of gemlike arrowheads and a beautiful knife chipped from the strange green stone. "These are not for sale," he said. "They are for my children. It is their history. I want them to see it before it is all gone."
SERENO FLEW HOME with the most important skeletons and artifacts and immediately began planning for the next field season. In the meantime, he carefully removed one tooth from each of four skulls and sent them to a lab for radiocarbon dating. The results pegged the age of the tightly bundled burials at roughly 9,000 years old, the heart of the Kiffian era. The smaller "sleeping" skeletons turned out to be about 6,000 years old, well within the Tenerian period. At least now the scientists knew who was who.
In the fall of 2006 they returned to Gobero, accompanied by a larger dig crew and six additional scientists. Garcea hoped to excavate some 80 burials, and the team began digging. As the skeletons began to emerge from the dunes, each presented a fresh riddle, especially the Tenerian. A male skeleton had been buried with a finger in his mouth. Another had been interred inside a frame of disarticulated human bones. Among the strangest was an adult male buried with a boar tusk and a crocodile ankle bone and his head resting on a clay pot. Parts of the skeleton appeared to have been burned, hinting that an elaborate ritual had accompanied his burial.
Garcea paid close attention to these details. In lieu of a written language, such clues are critical to understanding what she described as a culture's "software"—its traditions, value system, and beliefs about the supernatural. The very act of burial contains a message, Garcea told me as she delicately brushed dirt from another Tenerian skeleton. "By infusing the land with the remains of your people, you claim it."
Unlike the Tenerian burials, the bundles of Kiffian bones came with few artifacts to shed light on their culture. But bones and teeth alone can say a lot about the daily lives of a vanished people. Their appearance can reveal an individual's sex, age, and general health, and they hold chemical signatures that, analyzed in a lab, can reveal the kinds of food a person ate and the location of the water sources he drank from.
Even at the site, Arizona State University bioarchaeologist Chris Stojanowski could begin to piece together some clues. Judging by the bones, the Kiffian appeared to be a peaceful, hardworking people. "The lack of head and forearm injuries suggests they weren't doing much fighting," he told me. "And these guys were strong." He pointed to a long, narrow ridge running along a femur. "That's the muscle attachment," he said. "This individual had huge leg muscles, which means he was eating a lot of protein and had a strenuous lifestyle—both consistent with a fishing way of life." For contrast, he showed me the femur of a Tenerian male. The ridge was barely perceptible. "This guy had a much less strenuous lifestyle," he said, "which you might expect of a herder."
Stojanowski's assessment that the Tenerian were herders fits the prevailing view among scholars of life in the Sahara 6,000 years ago, when drier conditions favored herding over hunting. But if the Tenerian were herders, Sereno pointed out, where were the herds? Among the hundreds of animal bones that had turned up at the site, none belonged to goats or sheep, and only three came from a cow species. "It's not unusual for a herding culture not to slaughter their cattle, particularly in a cemetery," Garcea responded, noting that even modern pastoralists, such as Niger's Wodaabe, are loath to butcher even one animal in their herd. Perhaps, Sereno reasoned, the Tenerian at Gobero were a transitional group that had not fully adopted herding and still relied heavily on hunting and fishing.
The twilight of the Green Sahara around 4,500 years ago might have been the perfect time to be hunting at Gobero, said Carlo Giraudi, the team's geologist. As water sources dried up throughout the region, animals would have been drawn to pocket wetlands, making them easier to kill. Four middens found on the dunes and dated to around that time included hundreds of animal remains, as well as fish bones and clamshells—not usually part of a herder's diet. "The Green Sahara's climate was rapidly changing," said Giraudi, "but just before the lake dried up, the people at Gobero would have thought they were living in a golden period."
Then they were gone, leaving only bones and a few artifacts to bear witness. On my last day at Gobero, Sereno and his colleagues began excavating a particularly poignant burial containing three skeletons. Several members of the dig team interrupted their own work to watch. Soon a few of the Tuareg abandoned their late afternoon tea and wandered over, and a couple of soldiers joined the group. Evening breezes began to sweep away the desert's intense heat. As the sand was carefully brushed away, a petite Tenerian woman came into clear relief, lying on her side. Facing her were the skeletons of two children. Their molars suggested they were five and eight years old when they died. Each child reached tiny arms toward the woman. Her fragile arm bones reached back to them. Between the skeletons lay a cluster of disarticulated finger bones, implying the deceased had been laid to rest holding hands.
Was this a mother and her children? Had a grieving father posed his family in this gesture of love before covering them with sand? The questions rippled around the graveside in English, French, Tamashek, and Hausa. The skeletons exhibited no clear signs of trauma, though four arrowheads turned up near the bones, perhaps part of a burial ritual. But if their deaths weren't violent, how did they all die at the same time? If it was a disease or a plague, who would have been left to bury the bodies in such an elaborate fashion? Maybe, someone suggested, they drowned in the lake.
Back in Arizona, Stojanowski continues to analyze the Gobero bones for clues to the Green Saharans' health and diet. Other scientists are trying to derive DNA from the teeth, which could reveal the genetic origins of the Kiffian and Tenerian—and possibly link them to descendants living today. Sereno and Garcea estimate a hundred burials remain to be excavated. But as the harsh Ténéré winds continue to erode the dunes, time is running out. "Every archaeological site has a life cycle," Garcea said. "It begins when people begin to use the place, followed by disuse, then nature takes over, and finally it is gone. Gobero is at the end of its life."
In February of 2007, as the team was making plans to return to Niger, hostilities broke out again between some of Niger's Tuareg groups and the government. By December, Human Rights Watch had reported scores of soldiers and civilians had been killed or injured in clashes and by land mines. The government declared emergency rule in the region, prohibiting foreigners from traveling to the Ténéré. Sereno and Garcea were forced to cancel the 2007 and 2008 dig seasons. Meanwhile, the wind blows across Gobero, and the desert continues to consume the last remnants of the Green Sahara.
Ladies of Kidal
Petroglyph showing women of ancient Essouk. Site scene Kidal! Dating back 8.000 Ky
Posts: 22235 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Nehesy: But first look I can tell if the guy is Fulani or Not. Pam Grier looks Fulani as hell. Fulanis women are among the jewels of African beauty
I would say she looks like some kind of Fulani Tuareg mixture. Judging from her high cheeks and the similarity of her face to that of a great-grandmother of mine I think she might have a trace of Native American in her as well, which might explain the Tuareg look as well.
Yep - Pam was and is one drop-dead gorgeous Nefertiti!
Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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patrol in saying that observation is correct were you talking about the sidelocks or just Snoop being Fulani.
i am more interested in the possible Fulani sidelocks on the rock and if an anthropological observer has yet noted it.
Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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posted
Thats not surprising. Cause Fulani arent new to West Africa. The Fula Jihads intersect w/ the times of the transatlantic slave trade so I believe some fulani were brought here.
Posts: 2508 | From: . | Registered: Nov 2011
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