Even Sudanese in the south have cultural traits that link them to the pharoanic period. The Shilluk have a concept of the rainmaker king and divine kingship that could be clearly seen in pharoanic times.

The Sudanese connection to Egypt also extends to pre-dyanstic times when Badarian pottery had a close connection with Badarian pottery. The Tasins in pre-dyanstic Egypt also share this link.

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Originally posted by multisphinx:
Do the people of northern sudan related to the AE as many egyptians are.

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Thought Writes:

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I don't believe there has been a comprehensive study done yet that can tell us which groups within modern Egypt and Sudan are closest to ANCIENT EGYPTIANS genetically

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Not exactly true. Both Mourant and Kopec found that modern Egyptians are not must different from the ancient ones.

*The Distribution of Human Blood Groups* by A.E. Mourant and A.C. Kopec
(1976), p.85 showed that the Copts had no significant differences from the
Muslim Egyptians in blood group frequencies which confirms my belief that the
majority of Muslim Egyptians are converted Copts.In other words,they did not
mix with the invading Arabs. Boyd and later Batawi showed that there were no
significant physiological differences between the modern and ancient
Egyptians in skin colour and skull remains.

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In terms of phenotype the Abdaba nomads of the Red Sea Hills seem to approximate a common AE phenotype. AE had population and border fluctuations over its course of history.

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What about the Sheikh El beled statue that was found by Augustine Marinette that was so life like it was named after a village sheikh. Not to mention the reliefs from the various Nobles tomb when placed next to the common Egyptian peasent in modern Luxor does not look much different from the ancient one.

Would you say that the Egyptian peasent has experianced as much gene flow from foreginers as the people in the more urban surroundings.

We must also realize not one phenotype persisted throughout the entire population. We have reliefs of different periods of different phenotypes.

*The Distribution of Human Blood Groups* by A.E. Mourant and A.C. Kopec
(1976), p.85 showed that the Copts had no significant differences from the
Muslim Egyptians in blood group frequencies which confirms my belief that the
majority of Muslim Egyptians are converted Copts.In other words,they did not
mix with the invading Arabs. Boyd and later Batawi showed that there were no
significant physiological differences between the modern and ancient
Egyptians in skin colour and skull remains.

Thought Writes:

In terms of my standards I would not consider a 1976 study in isolation a comprehensive study.

Thought Writes:

We must also realize not one phenotype persisted throughout the entire population. We have reliefs of different periods of different phenotypes.

Thought Writes:

The level of morphological variation within a population is the result of factors such as population expansion and movement. Traditionally Egyptologists have considered ancient Egypt to have a homogeneous population, with state formation occurring as a result of local processes without influence from migration. This paper tests this hypothesis by investigating the extent of biological relationships within a series of temporally successive Egyptian skeletal samples. Previous studies have compared biological relationships between Egyptians and other populations, mostly using the Howells global cranial data set. In the current study, by contrast, the biological relationships within a series of temporally-successive cranial samples are assessed.

The data consist of 55 cranio-facial variables from 418 adult Egyptian individuals, from six periods, ranging in date from c. 5000 to 1200 BC. These were compared with the 111 Late Period crania (c. 600-350 BC) from the Howells sample. Principal Component and Canonical Discriminant Function Analyses were undertaken, on both pooled and single sex samples.

The results suggest a level of local population continuity exists within the earlier Egyptian populations, but that this was in association with some change in population structure, reflecting small-scale immigration and admixture with new groups. Most dramatically, the results also indicate that the Egyptian series from Howells global data set are morphologically distinct from the Predynastic and Early Dynastic Nile Valley samples (especially in cranial vault shape and height), and thus show that this sample cannot be considered to be a typical Egyptian series.

Thanks for posting this study. Keita seems to use the Howell method also.