posted
The issue has been resolved over the last 5 years. In fact since Rosenberg 2002.
Here is recent proof of the Neolithic Africans in Europe. Depigmented Africans
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Recent genomic heritage in Scotland(2015) - Carmen Amador1, Jennifer Huffman1, Holly Trochet1
Quote - The East Asian populations formed a tight group clearly independent of the rest. When looking at the plot of GS:SFHS(Scots) within this graph (Fig. 1b), it can be noticed that a very small but obvious proportion of GS:SFHS individuals leaned towards the African population, whereas a similarly small but also obvious proportion were closer to the East Asian populations(ANE???). This analysis suggests that some GS:SFHS participants have mixed ethnic backgrounds. For example, 64 individuals have values for
Quote - Table 2 demonstrates the impact of the inclusion of rare alleles in our data, by showing the values for the genomic relationship coefficients truncating the SNP data at different allele frequencies between selected extreme examples of pairs of individuals that are not related to each other according to the pedigree (lying in the more extreme positions TOWARDS African populations in Fig. 1b). A comparison between the values of relationship coefficients obtained when using different allele frequency thresholds for the whole population are presented in Additional file 1: Figure S3, indicating that only for a small minority of relationships does the inclusion of rare alleles make a difference. The genomic relationship coefficients obtained using all the markers for the pairs of individuals in Table 2 show values between 0.17 and 0.45, which are around the values expected for third and first degree relatives respectively
Quote - We analysed the origin of these low frequency alleles by selecting markers in the population contributing to the rarity score with a value larger than 2,500 (i.e., pi ≤ 0.0004 or 8 or less rare alleles in total in the whole GS:SFHS population) and plotting the frequencies for those alleles in the African, East Asian and European populations of the 1 kG data set. The results are shown in Fig. 4. The analysis of the probable origin of the rare alleles shows that while the frequency of these alleles is nearly always close to zero in the European populations their values in East Asian and particularly African populations are clearly higher, suggesting an African origin for the majority of the cases.
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This is to easy….geographically Europe is at the door step of Africa. Of course ancient Africans will migrate there!!!!
Depigmented Africans
Mike please. No picture spamming. Let’s keep it on the scientific level. I appreciate your pictures and historical research. “ you want science eh!”
Posts: 12143 | From: When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable | Registered: Jun 2007
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========= Quote We checked the self-reported origin of the 74 individuals detected as outliers and although the amount of non-disclosed information is slightly higher than in the whole data set, the recorded origin of their grandparents did not indicate that they came from outside the UK.
These non-European regions are too large to be explained as random mutations or genotyping errors. It is widely accepted that the Eurasian populations were originated from a single “out of Africa” event [17], and that the African populations are genetically more diverse than European and Asian samples because of this bottleneck [18]. This means that rare alleles in Europe may be common in Africa. Gabriel et al. [19] estimated that half of the human genome exists in blocks of 44 kb or larger in European populations with a maximum of 173 kb blocks. Even considering that the blocks in GS:SFHS could be larger, the length of the regions described by Gabriel et al. [19] still suggests that the “out of Africa” bottleneck cannot explain haplotypes of up to 7 Mb with rare variants, indicating that the outliers have a relatively recent ancestor likely coming from an African population.
The genome-wide information in GS:SFHS allowed us to discover some other variation. The inversion in chromosome 8 is one of the largest polymorphic inversions found in humans (~4.5 Mb) with a frequency of ~20–50 % in European populations, ~59 % in the Yoruba and ~12–27 % in Asians [7, 8]. It can be predicted from genotypes [7, 22] and it was previously identified via principal components by Zou et al. [12]. This information suggests that selection against crossovers in the region maintains the linkage disequilibrium pattern [12].
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The follow up question is …WHEN?. The authors are obviously disproving a SINGLE OOA.
It is refreshing to some young researchers bucking the trend. No afraid to publish data that do NOT support the status quo. More power to them.
Posts: 12143 | From: When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable | Registered: Jun 2007
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posted
Is it me or doesnt it also appear that the more recent OOA strolls were more successful?
Posts: 1254 | From: howdy | Registered: Mar 2014
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posted
No it is not you. I had my finger on that pulse some time now, the question is..... why?
Was it by circumstance .,..or luck?
Some newbies underestimate the significance of the last 6000y. The fundamental change began with Neolithics/farming .
But we cannot take away from the Hunter Gatherers . They got us to that point.
We know the Neolithics were the key in Africa and Asia. Harrapan and Persia . ...Sergi and DNA TRIBES .
The puzzle is ...,what....brought about the Neolithics . Was it genetic changes , need, chance , a combination?
-------------------- Without data you are just another person with an opinion - Deming Posts: 12143 | From: When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable | Registered: Jun 2007
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posted
195,000 years of Hunting and gathering. Then......
-------------------- Without data you are just another person with an opinion - Deming Posts: 12143 | From: When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable | Registered: Jun 2007
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quote:Originally posted by xyyman: 195,000 years of Hunting and gathering. Then......
Luficer fell and wanted a more sophisticated livity. We progressively became tired of fruits, nuts and vegetables and lusted for flesh, chicken, pork and fish...
Lucifers used their powers to enslave the seeds of the plants, the animals of the fields, even their own flesh and blood.
And so here are we, 5000 years later on tottering at the brink of our own destruction.
Destruction. Deconstruction... After which there will be another cycle of regeneration.
Posts: 7419 | From: North America | Registered: Mar 2009
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