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Mike111
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Whence the (‘Black Irish” of Jamaica? JOSEPH J. WILLIAMS, S.J., Ph.D., Litt. D.,
F.R.S.A., F.R.G.S., F.A.G.S. ($2.00, New York: Dial Press, 1932.)
Five years residence in Jamaica impressed Father Williams with the fact that
the Jamaica Negroes were unlike all other Negro types that he had seen. Particularly
among those of Gold Coast origin he found claims and remnants of
Judaism. His resultant studies led to his Hebrewisms of West Africa (1930).
But another outstanding fact was the large number of Negroes with pure Irish
names. These negroes could not be explained as descendants of slaves owned by
early Irish colonists, for no such names appear among the land-owners in the survey
of 1670. So Father Williams turns to English records of the crushing of the Irish,
by Cromwell, with consequent deportations of large numbers of Irish as bondmen
or bondmaids to the West Indies-especially Barbados, where such names as
Cavan, Collins, Connolly, Donovan, Duffey, Dunn, Grogan, Kelly, McCann,
McSwiney, McDermott, Moriarity, O’Brien, O’Neal, O’Halloran, Walsh, abound
in the old cemeteries. Father Williams gives pictures of Jamaica negro children
named Collins, Walsh, McKeon, McDermott, Burke, Mackey, McCormack,
Kennedy. His bibliography on the deportations and barbarities includes 175
sources. Beyond this his 100-page monograph does not go.

 -





Excerpts:

JAMAICA - ARRIVAL 1600S


The Irish arrived in Jamaica over 350 years ago in the mid-1600s at the time of British Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell's capture of Jamaica. When British Admirals Penn and Venables failed in their expedition to take Santo Domingo from the Spanish, they turned their attention to Jamaica, not wanting to return to Cromwell empty-handed. With reinforcements from British-held Barbados (many of whom were Irish) they made quick work of dispatching the weak Spanish defence and soon realized that they needed workers to support their new prize. They looked eastward to islands already under British control, Barbados, St. Lucia, St. Kitts and Montserrat, and imported young, mainly male, bonded servants, many of whom were Irish.

In 1641 Ireland's population stood close to 1.5 million. Following a 1648 battle in Ireland known as the "Siege of Drogheda" in which Irish rebels were brutally subdued, Oliver's son, Henry, was named Major General in command of English forces in Ireland. Under his jurisdiction, thousands of Irish men and women were shipped to the West Indies to provide a source of indentured labour. Between 1648 and 1655, over 12,000 political prisoners alone were sent to Barbados. This was the first set to come involuntarily as prior to that the Irish had willingly chosen to subject themselves to terms of indenture for the chance to start a new life in the New World upon completion of their contracts.

By 1652, Ireland's population had dwindled to a little over half a million famine, rebellion and forced deportation, all factors.Throughout the early years of the 1650s there was a push to send young men and women to the colonies in what the English believed was a "measure beneficial to the people removed, who might thus be made English and Christians; and a great benefit to the West India sugar planters, who desired the men and boys for their bondsmen, and the women and Irish girls in a country where they had only Maroon women and Negresses to solace them" (Williams, 1932, pp. 10-11). The 13-year war from 1641-1654 had left behind large numbers of widows and deserted wives. In addition, many Irish men, their properties confiscated by Cromwell had no means of making a living. By 1655 some 6,400 Irish had been shipped off when in March all orders to capture "all wanderers, men and women and other such Irish in their possession" were revoked (Williams, pp. 12-13).

FIRST STOP


The first stop for many of the Irish, Catholic and non-Catholic, was Barbados where they worked from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. with a two-hour lunch break, under the command of an overseer. Shirt and drawers were their only clothes and their homes, cabins made of sticks and plantain leaves (Williams, 1932, p. 42).
Following the 1655 British conquest of Jamaica, Irish labourers were largely sent from Barbados as well as Ireland to get the island up and running under British control. Within a decade, when many Irish had served their terms or indenture, their names begin to appear among the lists of Jamaican planters and settlers (Williams, p. 53).

LAST SHIPMENTS 1800S

It is estimated that somewhere between 30,000 and 80,000 Irish were shipped from Ireland. One of the last shipments was made in 1841 from Limerick aboard the Robert Kerr. The Gleaner noted of these arrivals: "They landed in Kingston wearing their best clothes and temperance medals," meaning they did not drink alcohol (as quoted in Mullally, 2003, part 2, pg. 1). The Gleaner also noted of another set of arrivals in 1842: "The Irish are repeatedly intoxicated, drink excessively, are seen emerging from grog shops very dissolute and abandoned and are of very intemperate habits" (as quoted in Mullally, 2003, part 3, p. 2). So the Irish gained a reputation for being something of a mixed blessing ¬ saints and sinners.

However, other European immigrants did not seem to fare as well as the Irish in the tropical climate. In the mid-1830s, for example, when the government was particularly concerned about replacement labour for the newly-freed slaves on the sugar and coffee plantations, the over 1,000 Germans and close to 200 Portugese from Madeira, the Azores and Portugal notched a high mortality rate. The idea was to eventually create townships for the European immigrants in the island's highlands where the temperature was cooler and they would work as small farmers, labourers and artisans on coffee estates and cattle pens.

{Comment: Clearly Albino Europeans could not withstand working under the "Burning Caribbean Sun". This proves the lie that "Indentures" in the Caribbean were White}.

However, this would take time and in order to maintain pre-abolition levels of production, labour was needed in Jamaica's low-lands where the best land for sugar cultivation was located. Hence the implementation of bounties for European immigrants and the institution of ships like the Robert Kerr, known as "man-traps" and sub-agents who wandered into quiet Irish towns and attracted people with the promise for free passage, high wages and the hope of bettering their lives. The immigration of Europeans never filled the abolition labour gap and so by 1840 the government began to look to the Maltese, the free Negroes in the United States and the Asians. In 1842 laws to break up what had been completed of the townships were passed and the idea of highland colonization was abandoned.

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Mindovermatter
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So Oliver Cromwell's enslavement and brutal treatment of the Irish and his wars enslaving them, were really just enslavement and wars of the recent Central Asian European albino's enslaving and attacking the original black celts/Black British Isles inhabitants that go back to the Neolithic?
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Mike111
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^All of those wars and offensive actions were part of a sustained 400 years effort by Albinos to usurp and overthrow their Black lords.

Have you not noticed the almost mindless and fanatical way Doxie proclaims Albinos native Europeans?

They had no history worth a fuch, so they're going to hang on to their made-up history at all costs.

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CelticWarrioress
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Mike give it up already, Whit people hating, White child wanna be killing, lying,history stealing,no heart having,no conscience having,All around bad person,Black racist,Black supremacist demon from hell. Whites ARE the native people of Europe. Stop projecting Mike,it is you and your ilk who are trying to make up history not the other way around.
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Mike111
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It is at times like this that I like to revisit past Albino lies.


Google "Black Irish meaning".



The definition of black Irish is used to describe Irish people with dark hair and dark eyes thought to be decedents of the Spanish Armada of the mid-1500s, or it is a term used in the United States by mixed-race descendants of Europeans and African Americans or Native Americans to hide their heritage.
Black-irish dictionary definition | black-irish defined
www.yourdictionary.com/black-irish


The term "Black Irish" has been in circulation among Irish emigrants and their descendants for centuries. Yet, as a subject of historical discussion, it is almost never referred to in Ireland. There are a number of different claims as to the origin of the term, none of which are possible to entirely prove or disprove.

The term is commonly used to describe people of Irish origin who have dark features, black hair, a dark complexion and dark eyes.

A quick review of Irish history reveals that the island was subject to a number of influxes of foreign cultures. The Celts arrived on the island about the year 500 B.C.

http://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/who-were-the-black-irish-92376439-237784721.html


Wiki:

Black Irish is an ambiguous term sometimes used (mainly outside Ireland) as a reference to a dark-haired phenotype appearing in people of Irish origin. However, dark hair in people of Irish descent is common, although darker skin complexions appear less frequently. One popular speculation suggests the Black Irish are descendants of survivors of the Spanish Armada, despite research discrediting such claims. In his documentary series Atlantean, Bob Quinn explores an alternative 'Iberian' hypothesis, proposing the existence of an ancient sea-trading route skirting the Atlantic coast from North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula to regions such as Connemara. While preferring the term "The Atlantean Irish", Quinn's reference to certain phenotypical characteristics (within elements of the Irish populace and diaspora) as possible evidence of a previous Hibernian-Iberian (and possibly Berber) admixture mirrors common descriptions of the Black Irish.

The term has also come to be used to refer to the African-Irish descendants of those who live on Montserrat. A number of whom have Irish surnames, still retain part of their Irish accents and sing bilingual songs.

^^^^^
That's why I call Albinos degenerate liars - hope the Africans are paying attention.

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Mindovermatter
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quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
^All of those wars and offensive actions were part of a sustained 400 years effort by Albinos to usurp and overthrow their Black lords.

Have you not noticed the almost mindless and fanatical way Doxie proclaims Albinos native Europeans?

They had no history worth a fuch, so they're going to hang on to their made-up history at all costs.

The sad thing is that about 85%?-90% of the world believes that's it's the opposite and they actually have the most history.

You see this on forums like historum, and this view and lens permeates and proliferates throughout "mainstream" academia and university to this day. Even educated "blacks" and non-whites", cannot make themselves believe that the Albino's do not really have a history.


How do you de-brainwash them? They always use the "Ancient Greeks/Romans" were white, the "Industrial revolution/enlightment/renaissance" was made by whites, and "whites made the modern world" and "whites took over the world" arguments all the time.

How do you refute and debunk that extremely fast and in a short manner without having to recite and cite sources and write long paragraphs or talk long?

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Lawaya
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quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
It is at times like this that I like to revisit past Albino lies.


Google "Black Irish meaning".



The definition of black Irish is used to describe Irish people with dark hair and dark eyes thought to be decedents of the Spanish Armada of the mid-1500s, or it is a term used in the United States by mixed-race descendants of Europeans and African Americans or Native Americans to hide their heritage.
Black-irish dictionary definition | black-irish defined
www.yourdictionary.com/black-irish


The term "Black Irish" has been in circulation among Irish emigrants and their descendants for centuries. Yet, as a subject of historical discussion, it is almost never referred to in Ireland. There are a number of different claims as to the origin of the term, none of which are possible to entirely prove or disprove.

The term is commonly used to describe people of Irish origin who have dark features, black hair, a dark complexion and dark eyes.

A quick review of Irish history reveals that the island was subject to a number of influxes of foreign cultures. The Celts arrived on the island about the year 500 B.C.

http://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/who-were-the-black-irish-92376439-237784721.html


Wiki:

Black Irish is an ambiguous term sometimes used (mainly outside Ireland) as a reference to a dark-haired phenotype appearing in people of Irish origin. However, dark hair in people of Irish descent is common, although darker skin complexions appear less frequently. One popular speculation suggests the Black Irish are descendants of survivors of the Spanish Armada, despite research discrediting such claims. In his documentary series Atlantean, Bob Quinn explores an alternative 'Iberian' hypothesis, proposing the existence of an ancient sea-trading route skirting the Atlantic coast from North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula to regions such as Connemara. While preferring the term "The Atlantean Irish", Quinn's reference to certain phenotypical characteristics (within elements of the Irish populace and diaspora) as possible evidence of a previous Hibernian-Iberian (and possibly Berber) admixture mirrors common descriptions of the Black Irish.

The term has also come to be used to refer to the African-Irish descendants of those who live on Montserrat. A number of whom have Irish surnames, still retain part of their Irish accents and sing bilingual songs.

^^^^^
That's why I call Albinos degenerate liars - hope the Africans are paying attention.

where did the black irish means dark hair come from?
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Mike111
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quote:
Originally posted by Lawaya:

where did the black irish means dark hair come from?

The same place where the Kongo Ambassador and other such nonsense came from:

Simply a plausible sounding "Made-up" lie.


I see you are new, on the issue of Caribbean Indentures, this page might give you some clarity.

http://realhistoryww.com./world_history/ancient/Misc/Barbados/Barbados.htm

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Mike111
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quote:
Originally posted by Mindovermatter:
How do you de-brainwash them? They always use the "Ancient Greeks/Romans" were white, the "Industrial revolution/enlightment/renaissance" was made by whites, and "whites made the modern world" and "whites took over the world" arguments all the time.

How do you refute and debunk that extremely fast and in a short manner without having to recite and cite sources and write long paragraphs or talk long?

You have been trained to view White faces as the most Honest, Smartest, Trustworthy, Kindest, Most Beautiful. Your head is full of images of White people Educating and being Kind to lowly Negroes.

From THAT: you expect the concept of the intelligentsia of an entire Race of people (Albinos), conspiring to KILL or EXPEL, then usurp and overthrow the ruling race (Blacks). And then to "Take-over" the history of the vanquished, while teaching their surviving descendants that they are African, and their only history is in the Jungles of Africa.

While at the same time, TAKING OVER Africa, and teaching Africans, who have no written history, or knowledge of the world, that what they say is true, and the Africans should support their story. AND AFRICANS DOING IT!!!!

Remember a couple months back when posting Africans didn't even know that their nation had been COLONIZED by Europeans!


So Mindovermatter, from all of that, you want to: refute and debunk that extremely fast and in a short manner without having to recite and cite sources and write long paragraphs or talk long?

Well, good luck with that!

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Mike111
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Btw - Mindovermatter, not broached in the discussion is the question "Do we really want the entire world to know the truth at this time?"

The sad fact is that the average citizen of the world is an ignorant ass. Those people have been taught and believed, one set of things all of their lives.

Suppose all of a sudden, they are told (and believe), that they were lied to?

Chaos, anarchy, and vengeance-taking might well ensue. That sort of thing would serve no ones interest.

So for the time being, limiting knowledge to those who are aware enough to go looking for it, is probably the best thing.

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kdolo
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'Chaos, anarchy, and vengeance-taking might well ensue. That sort of thing would serve no ones interest.

So for the time being, limiting knowledge to those who are aware enough to go looking for it, is probably the best thing.'

Sounds like Albino logic to me.....

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Mike111
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quote:
Originally posted by kdolo:
'Chaos, anarchy, and vengeance-taking might well ensue. That sort of thing would serve no ones interest.

So for the time being, limiting knowledge to those who are aware enough to go looking for it, is probably the best thing.'

Sounds like Albino logic to me.....

You have obviously not had dealings with the truly ignorant - just no telling which way they will blow.
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kdolo
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I hear u.

--------------------
Keldal

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the lioness,
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quote:


Oliver Cromwell sent a large group of Irish prisoners to Jamaica. they Intermarried with blacks..and over a period of years lost their identity. Today many black Jamaicans still carry Irish surnames.

---Whence the (‘Black Irish” of Jamaica?
JOSEPH J. WILLIAMS



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Mike111
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quote:
Originally posted by the lioness,:
[QUOTE]

Oliver Cromwell sent a large group of Irish prisoners to Jamaica. they Intermarried with blacks..and over a period of years lost their identity. Today many black Jamaicans still carry Irish surnames.

---Whence the (‘Black Irish” of Jamaica?
JOSEPH J. WILLIAMS


But another outstanding fact was the large number of Negroes with pure Irish
names. These negroes could not be explained as descendants of slaves owned by
early Irish colonists, for no such names appear among the land-owners in the survey
of 1670. So Father Williams turns to English records of the crushing of the Irish,
by Cromwell, with consequent deportations of large numbers of Irish as bondmen
or bondmaids to the West Indies-especially Barbados.

Note: Indentured Servant = Bondman.

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the lioness,
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quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
quote:
Originally posted by the lioness,:


Oliver Cromwell sent a large group of Irish prisoners to Jamaica. they Intermarried with blacks..and over a period of years lost their identity. Today many black Jamaicans still carry Irish surnames.

---Whence the (‘Black Irish” of Jamaica?
JOSEPH J. WILLIAMS


But another outstanding fact was the large number of Negroes with pure Irish
names. These negroes could not be explained as descendants of slaves owned by
early Irish colonists, for no such names appear among the land-owners in the survey
of 1670. So Father Williams turns to English records of the crushing of the Irish,
by Cromwell, with consequent deportations of large numbers of Irish as bondmen
or bondmaids to the West Indies-especially Barbados.

Note: Indentured Servant = Bondman. [/qb]

He refers to an earlier period beginning in 1656 when white Irish slaves were imported to Jamaica (as they had been to Barbados as well). Thus it is from this earlier group of Irish, slaves not land owners, who " Intermarried with blacks..and over a period of years lost their identity. Today many black Jamaicans still carry Irish surnames."
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Mike111
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quote:
Originally posted by the lioness,:
He refers to an earlier period beginning in 1656 when white Irish slaves were imported to Jamaica (as they had been to Barbados as well). Thus it is from this earlier group of Irish, slaves not land owners, who " Intermarried with blacks..and over a period of years lost their identity. Today many black Jamaicans still carry Irish surnames."

.
You stupid lying Bitch, you just made that up.
That is not allowed.

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the lioness,
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quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
quote:
Originally posted by the lioness,:
He refers to an earlier period beginning in 1656 when white Irish slaves were imported to Jamaica (as they had been to Barbados as well). Thus it is from this earlier group of Irish, slaves not land owners, who " Intermarried with blacks..and over a period of years lost their identity. Today many black Jamaicans still carry Irish surnames."

.
You stupid lying Bitch, you just made that up.
That is not allowed.

quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
[QB] Whence the (‘Black Irish” of Jamaica? JOSEPH J. WILLIAMS, S.J., Ph.D., Litt. D.,
F.R.S.A., F.R.G.S., F.A.G.S. ($2.00, New York: Dial Press, 1932.)


By 1652, Ireland's population had dwindled to a little over half a million famine, rebellion and forced deportation, all factors.Throughout the early years of the 1650s there was a push to send young men and women to the colonies in what the English believed was a "measure beneficial to the people removed, who might thus be made English and Christians; and a great benefit to the West India sugar planters, who desired the men and boys for their bondsmen, and
the women and Irish girls in a country where they had only Maroon women and Negresses to solace them"(Williams, 1932, pp. 10-11).

^^^ Mike I need an apology. Are you reading your own stuff?

 -


 -


 -

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Mike111
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^You stupid lying Bitch, do you really think that we can't tell that you are using TWO DIFFERENT SOURCES?

One of which is "TOTAL" Albino nonsense.

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Mike111
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Sickle Cell Disease in Africa
A Neglected Cause of Early Childhood Mortality
Scott D. Grosse, PhD,a,⁎ Isaac Odame, MB, ChB, MRCP,b Hani K. Atrash, MD, MPH,a Djesika D. Amendah,

Abstract

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is common throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa, affecting up to 3% of births in some parts of the continent. Nevertheless, it remains a low priority for many health ministries. The most common form of SCD is caused by homozygosity for the β-globin S gene mutation (SS disease). It is widely believed that this condition is associated with very high child mortality, but reliable contemporary data are lacking. We have reviewed available African data on mortality associated with SS disease from published and unpublished sources, with an emphasis on two types of studies: cross-sectional population surveys and cohort studies. We have concluded that, although current data are inadequate to support definitive statements, they are consistent with an early-life mortality of 50%–90% among children born in Africa with SS disease. Inclusion of SCD interventions in child survival policies and programs in Africa could benefit from more precise estimates of numbers of deaths among children with SCD. A simple, representative, and affordable approach to estimate SCD child mortality is to test blood specimens already collected through large population surveys targeting conditions such as HIV, malaria, and malnutrition, and covering children of varying ages. Thus, although there is enough evidence to justify investments in screening, prophylaxis, and treatment for African children with SCD, better data are needed to estimate the numbers of child deaths preventable by such interventions and their cost effectiveness.

.
lioness is such a stupid lying Bitch, it's amazing that some take the stupid bitch seriously.

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Mike111
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CDC:


Protective Effect of Sickle Cell Trait Against Malaria-Associated Mortality And Morbidity

Only in some individuals do malaria episodes progress to severe life-threatening disease, while in the majority the episodes are self-limiting. This is partly because of host genetic factors such as the sickle cell gene.

The sickle cell gene is caused by a single amino acid mutation (valine instead of glutamate at the 6th position) in the beta chain of the hemoglobin gene. Inheritance of this mutated gene from both parents leads to sickle cell disease and people with this disease have shorter life expectancy. On the contrary, individuals who are carriers for the sickle cell disease (with one sickle gene and one normal hemoglobin gene, also known as sickle cell trait) have some protective advantage against malaria. As a result, the frequencies of sickle cell carriers are high in malaria-endemic areas.

Most earlier studies of the relationship between sickle cell trait and malaria were cross-sectional, and therefore some important data relevant to the protective effects of sickle cell trait were missing. CDC's birth cohort studies (Asembo Bay Cohort Project in western Kenya ) conducted in collaboration with the Kenya Medical Research Institute allowed us to investigate this issue in depth. We determined that the sickle cell trait provides 60% protection against overall mortality. Most of this protection occurs between 2-16 months of life, before the onset of clinical immunity in areas with intense transmission of malaria.

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Mike111
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^He,he,he,he:

Oh lioness, it's taking a lot of googling to answer this one huh?

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Mike111
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^He,he,he,he:

Lets see now - if those Slavers created a population of SICKLE CELL TRAIT African males and mated them with European Albino females.

[Ya folks, I know, there is no evidence that females exclusively were imported to the Caribbean - they would have no need for males in this scenario. This is just for argument, so I can twist the blade.]

BACKGROUND:

What Are The Chances That A Baby Will Have Sickle Cell Trait

•• If both parents have SCT, there is a 50% (or 1 in 2) chance
that the child also will have SCT if the child inherits the
sickle cell gene from one of the parents. Such children
will not have symptoms of SCD, but they can pass SCT on
to their children.

•• If both parents have SCT, there is a 25% (or 1 in 4) chance
that the child will have SCD.

•• There is the same 25% (or 1 in 4) chance that the child
will not have SCD or SCT.

•• If one parent has SCT, there is a 50% (or 1 in 2) chance
that the child will have SCT and an equal 50% chance
that the child will not have SCT.


.

He,he,he,he:

So even if the Albinos could FINALLY create a workforce with the "Sickle Cell Trait" when those boys and girls mated with each other, they would produce BABIES WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE - MOST OF WHOM WOULD DIE IN INFANCY!!!!!

Aren't Albinos terrible liars?

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kdolo
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'Lets see now - if those Slavers created a population of SICKLE CELL TRAIT African males and mated them with European Albino females.'

Albino men intentionally mating Albino women with Africam males ....

No chance.

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Mike111
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quote:
Originally posted by kdolo:
'Lets see now - if those Slavers created a population of SICKLE CELL TRAIT African males and mated them with European Albino females.'

Albino men intentionally mating Albino women with Africam males ....

No chance.

The point here is in taking lioness and other Albinos ridiculous lies to their ridiculous conclusions, to the point where even the Africans can tell that they're lying.
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the lioness,
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http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/the-irish-slave-trade-forgotten-white-slaves/

THE IRISH SLAVE TRADE – THE FORGOTTEN “WHITE” SLAVES
OCTOBER 28, 2008 DON JAIDE 412 COMMENTS
The Slaves That Time Forgot

By John Martin

- See more at: http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/the-irish-slave-trade-forgotten-white-slaves/#sthash.M1NRxkdn.dpuf

excerpt:

The English masters quickly began breeding the Irish women for both their own personal pleasure and for greater profit. Children of slaves were themselves slaves, which increased the size of the master’s free workforce. Even if an Irish woman somehow obtained her freedom, her kids would remain slaves of her master. Thus, Irish moms, even with this new found emancipation, would seldom abandon their kids and would remain in servitude. - See more at: http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/the-irish-slave-trade-forgotten-white-slaves/#sthash.M1NRxkdn.dpuf

There is little question that the Irish experienced the horrors of slavery as much (if not more in the 17th Century) as the Africans did. There is, also, very little question that those brown, tanned faces you witness in your travels to the West Indies are very likely a combination of African and Irish ancestry.

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Mike111
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quote:
Originally posted by the lioness,:
There is little question that the Irish experienced the horrors of slavery as much (if not more in the 17th Century) as the Africans did. There is, also, very little question that those brown, tanned faces you witness in your travels to the West Indies are very likely a combination of African and Irish ancestry.

Stupid Bitch, where does it say that all of those Irish were Albinos - huh idiot?

A reminder, the thread title is "BLACK IRISH".

But of course with enough googling you can find some Albino saying whatever lie you want.

In that case Stupid Bitch, remember this quote.


However, other European immigrants did not seem to fare as well as the Irish in the tropical climate. In the mid-1830s, for example, when the government was particularly concerned about replacement labour for the newly-freed slaves on the sugar and coffee plantations, the over 1,000 Germans and close to 200 Portugese from Madeira, the Azores and Portugal notched a high mortality rate. The idea was to eventually create townships for the European immigrants in the island's highlands where the temperature was cooler and they would work as small farmers, labourers and artisans on coffee estates and cattle pens.

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the lioness,
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quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
quote:
Originally posted by the lioness,:
[qb] There is little question that the Irish experienced the horrors of slavery as much (if not more in the 17th Century) as the Africans did. There is, also, very little question that those brown, tanned faces you witness in your travels to the West Indies are very likely a combination of African and Irish ancestry.

Swhere does it say that all of those Irish were Albinos - huh idiot?


http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/the-irish-slave-trade-forgotten-white-slaves/


THE IRISH SLAVE TRADE – THE FORGOTTEN “WHITE” SLAVES
OCTOBER 28, 2008 DON JAIDE


Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.

In time, the English thought of a better way to use these women (in many cases, girls as young as 12) to increase their market share: The settlers began to breed Irish women and girls with African men to produce slaves with a distinct complexion. These new “mulatto” slaves brought a higher price than Irish livestock and, likewise, enabled the settlers to save money rather than purchase new African slaves.

Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.

Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.

Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.

Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.


Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.

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the lioness,
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quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
where does it say that all of those Irish were Albinos - huh idiot?


you got me there, they don't say "albino" they say white
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Mike111
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quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
In that case Stupid Bitch, remember this quote.


However, other European immigrants did not seem to fare as well as the Irish in the tropical climate. In the mid-1830s, for example, when the government was particularly concerned about replacement labour for the newly-freed slaves on the sugar and coffee plantations, the over 1,000 Germans and close to 200 Portugese from Madeira, the Azores and Portugal notched a high mortality rate. The idea was to eventually create townships for the European immigrants in the island's highlands where the temperature was cooler and they would work as small farmers, labourers and artisans on coffee estates and cattle pens.

What the bottom paragraph is saying stupid, lying, Albino Bitch: is that Albinos like YOU "Cannot" work under strong SUNLIGHT!

And it doesn't matter how many delusional lies you Albinos tell on the subject, that biological FACT will not change.

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the lioness,
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quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
In that case Stupid Bitch, remember this quote.


However, other European immigrants did not seem to fare as well as the Irish in the tropical climate. In the mid-1830s, for example, when the government was particularly concerned about replacement labour for the newly-freed slaves on the sugar and coffee plantations, the over 1,000 Germans and close to 200 Portugese from Madeira, the Azores and Portugal notched a high mortality rate. The idea was to eventually create townships for the European immigrants in the island's highlands where the temperature was cooler and they would work as small farmers, labourers and artisans on coffee estates and cattle pens.

What the bottom paragraph is saying stupid, lying, Albino Bitch: is that Albinos like YOU "Cannot" work under strong SUNLIGHT!

And it doesn't matter how many delusional lies you Albinos tell on the subject, that biological FACT will not change.

That's why the Blacks in Jamaica are Africans not Europeans.
Europeans are unsuited for physical labour in the tropics (shocking)
The Irish, as European as their English slave masters were also more rebellious.
The indigenous people were Arawaks, mostly wiped out. They had straight hair, brown skin and looked different from the African slaves.
The Black Irish of Jamaica are Africans with Anglo names

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Mike111
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^He,he,he,he:

Damn, your answers get stupider day by day.

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DD'eDeN
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Mike111: "..."Cannot" work under strong SUNLIGHT!"

"Why would anyone do that, when there are so many mongongo nuts in the world?" (KhoiSan quote)

--------------------
xyambuatlaya

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Mike111
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Richard Borshay Lee, writes

A diet based on mongongo nuts is in fact more reliable than one based on cultivated foods, and it is not surprising, therefore, that when a Bushman was asked why he hadn't taken to agriculture he replied: "Why should we plant, when there are so many mongongo nuts in the world?"


Nutrition

Per 100 grams shelled nuts:

57 g fat:
44% polyunsaturated
17% saturated
18% monounsaturated
24 g protein
193 mg calcium
527 mg magnesium
4 mg zinc
2.8 mg copper
565 mg vitamin E (and tocopherol)

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kdolo
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Does this attitude also explain the lack of "high" civilization in so called 'SubSaharan Africa' ??

There was never any scarcity of essentials.

Never a need for large scale warfare.

Scarcity and internecine warfare cause cenfralized governments and state formation. They also drive technological innovation.

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Mindovermatter
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quote:
Originally posted by kdolo:
Does this attitude also explain the lack of "high" civilization in so called 'SubSaharan Africa' ??

There was never any scarcity of essentials.

Never a need for large scale warfare.

Scarcity and internecine warfare cause cenfralized governments and state formation. They also drive technological innovation.

Africa had a lot of high civilizations. I am sure Egyptsearch has covered this many times before and there is a series on BBC called lost kingdoms of Africa that cover this.

A lot of Africans say there are ruins and monuments all over Africa that prove that they had advanced civilizations that predated European ones.

Also warfare doesn't result in "advanced civilization", because the Indus Valley civilization was a civilization that was not based on warfare or driven by warfare.

And White Indo-Europeans were warlike and so were the White Turks in the history and the BC period, and yet Whites never built their own civilization or even invented their own alphabet or writing script, or practiced literacy or came upon Iron smelting technology UNTIL THEY CAME IN CONTACT WITH NON-WHITES WHO DID!

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CelticWarrioress
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MOM,

Lying Black racist, Black supremacist. Whites most certainly did build our own civilizations,we most certainly did develope our own writing script,yes we most certainly did come upon metal smelting, before we ever knew your kind even existed.

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kdolo
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Mind, can u identify these "high civilizations" in so called "subSaharan Africa" (Exclude Nile Valley civilizations - the need to manage the scarce fertile land along the Nile and war/competition among the nomes drove centralization.


Warfare does not cause high civilization in of itself. But it does contribute to centralization and technological innovation - the need to develop weapons and defenses to the newer ones.
Warfare is caused typically over conflict over resources ... but if the resources are relatively plentiful without need for centralized control or management, then the need for internecine war never arises.

In the case of Harrapa, they appear to have been focused on trade, but the need to protect and control the trade of scarce and valuable items may have driven centralization and infrastructure as a means of defense.

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DD'eDeN
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High civilization is a confusing term.

Hierarchical = technical specializations/classes/guilds/layers

pharaoh/sun-house/stone-henge/ton-etxe/rn.ntjr

Pygmies and KhoiSan are non-hierarchical (egali.tarian, from mbo.ngolu), no king-chief-military-priesthood classes-castes, etc. just people gathering food. Everybody else has at least rudimentary hierarchies, due to need for sedentary/seasonal cropping. Nomadic pastoralists have a geog. relative rather than geog. absolute hierarchy.

For the record, I often disagree with Doxie/CW's specific opinions, but not with her greater point of fairness. (Yes, I know, double entendre, fair = light skintone).

--------------------
xyambuatlaya

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Mindovermatter
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quote:
Originally posted by kdolo:
Mind, can u identify these "high civilizations" in so called "subSaharan Africa" (Exclude Nile Valley civilizations - the need to manage the scarce fertile land along the Nile and war/competition among the nomes drove centralization.


Warfare does not cause high civilization in of itself. But it does contribute to centralization and technological innovation - the need to develop weapons and defenses to the newer ones.
Warfare is caused typically over conflict over resources ... but if the resources are relatively plentiful without need for centralized control or management, then the need for internecine war never arises.

In the case of Harrapa, they appear to have been focused on trade, but the need to protect and control the trade of scarce and valuable items may have driven centralization and infrastructure as a means of defense.

No the Harappan civilization was not a civilization of warfare, infact it was one of the only one of the Ancient civilizations that did not, which made it unique; not only that but it was also one of the first democratic societies that was not based completely on the rule of force.

And if you what you said about warfare was true, then Whites/Mongols in Eurasia would have developed the highest civilizations known at the time, WHICH THEY DIDN'T!

Infact there are still "white" Eurasian tribes like the Kalash and Nuristani etc etc who still live like remote indigenous Africans/Native Americans in houses made of wood/mud/bricks.

As for "high technological african civilizations" there are plenty that was impressive for it's time and plenty more that is still undiscovered/unresearched or just covered up.

There is a great documentary on this on youtube:

lost kingdoms of africa

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kdolo
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re read what I said
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mena7
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Nice book about Black Irish in Jamaica.

--------------------
mena

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Ish Geber
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quote:
Originally posted by CelticWarrioress:
MOM,

Lying Black racist, Black supremacist. Whites most certainly did build our own civilizations,we most certainly did develope our own writing script,yes we most certainly did come upon metal smelting, before we ever knew your kind even existed.

lol at this alternative republican reality.

http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=8;t=009377;p=1#000000

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Ish Geber
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quote:
Originally posted by the lioness,:
quote:
Originally posted by Mike111:
quote:
Originally posted by the lioness,:
[qb] There is little question that the Irish experienced the horrors of slavery as much (if not more in the 17th Century) as the Africans did. There is, also, very little question that those brown, tanned faces you witness in your travels to the West Indies are very likely a combination of African and Irish ancestry.

Swhere does it say that all of those Irish were Albinos - huh idiot?


http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/the-irish-slave-trade-forgotten-white-slaves/


THE IRISH SLAVE TRADE – THE FORGOTTEN “WHITE” SLAVES
OCTOBER 28, 2008 DON JAIDE


Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.

In time, the English thought of a better way to use these women (in many cases, girls as young as 12) to increase their market share: The settlers began to breed Irish women and girls with African men to produce slaves with a distinct complexion. These new “mulatto” slaves brought a higher price than Irish livestock and, likewise, enabled the settlers to save money rather than purchase new African slaves.

Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.

Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.

Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.

Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.


Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.

LOL Actually not. In fact they weren't even slaves but servitudes. Do you understand the difference? Probably not. lol
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Ish Geber
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quote:

IRISH CONVICTS IN AMERICA AND AUSTRALIA

By Thomas F. Magner

"In recent centuries crime and punishment linked Great Britain to America and Australia in a most curious way: the actual crimes occurred in England, Ireland and Scotland but for punishment thousands upon thousands of the criminals were banished to the American colonies and later to Australia. In the case of Ireland, social protest and political dissent were sometimes construed as criminal activity and the court's harshest sentence – transportation to the colonies - could be handed down for dissent as well as for common theft.
The Transportation System

The historical record is this: in the 17th and 18th centuries England transported some 50,000 convicts to the American colonies where they were sold into servitude, usually for seven years. Of that number the historian A. Roger Ekirch estimates that 36,000 came from England, 13,000 from Ireland and 700 from Scotland (Bound for America. The Transportation of British Convicts to the Colonies, 1718-1775, Oxford, 1987, p. 27). Convict transportation to the American colonies was effectively ended by the American Declaration of Independence in 1776 which forced England to use the newly "discovered" land of Australia as a dumping ground for convicts. For 81 years, beginning in 1787, England transported some 160,000 manacled convicts in sailing ships on a 16,000 mile voyage to Australia; in the dark holds of the ships which ferried this human cargo there were 39,000 convicts from Ireland, 30,000 men and 9,000 women (Robert Hughes, The Fatal Shore, New York, 1987, p. 195).

In his history of Maryland Robert J. Brugger describes the arrival of convicts in America: "Typically males of humble origins, the convicts arrived at either Annapolis or Baltimore chained in groups of ninety or more men,'wretched, ragged and lean', as one of them recalled. Buyers came aboard, looked in mouths, and haggled over prices." (Maryland. A Middle Temperament, 1634-1980, Baltimore, 1989, p. 86). Irish convicts were the least desirable to the American planters, a situation later repeated in Australia; as the Australian writer Robert Hughes notes, "It was taken for granted that all Irishmen were 'wild' and 'lawless', and the authorities in Sydney, who had enough trouble with the relatively tractable English prisoners, were never glad to see them." (Hughes, p.184).
The transportation of convicts, so inhumane on the surface, was ironically an attempt to mitigate the severity of the British Criminal Code, popularly called the Bloody Code, which listed 167 capital crimes, offenses for which a convicted felon could be hanged. The Bloody Code prescribed death for crimes ranging from murder to the theft of property worth a shilling or more; a shilling was not an insignificant amount: in Ireland: during the 1800s it was the daily wage of a farm labourer.
Though most of the Irish felons were convicted of crimes against persons or property, the offences of a substantial minority of them were of a political nature. Hughes writes that "Australia was the official Siberia for Irish dissidents... Between 1800 and 1805 their influx began in earnest, swollen by political exiles transported for their role in the rebellion of 1798, when Ireland tried unsuccessfully to ally with France in revolt against England." (Hughes, p.181).

It is safe to say that the average American knows nothing about the 50,000 convicts transported here in colonial times and the reasons seem clear: the number of convicts was small compared to that of black slaves (some 721,000 in our 1790 census) and also because the institution of slavery endured until 1863 whereas the flow of convicts ended in 1776. Australians, however, desperately wanted to forget the fact that their country was founded as a convict settlement and so it was only in recent decades that serious studies of the historical role of Australia's 160,000 convicts have appeared. One such study is the book, The Fatal Shore, by Robert Hughes. About the memory problem he writes: "By the 1880s, when the Protestant majority in Australia had all but sublimated the 'hated stain' of convictry, the Irish still kept the memory of the System alive. Naturally, they also fostered the delusion that most Irish convicts had been sent to the Fatal Shore for political offenses..." ( p.195).”

“British Convicts Shipped to American Colonies.”

http://www.magner.org/convicts.htm

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Ish Geber
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quote:
"But while Elizabeth may have enjoyed being entertained by Black people, in the 1590s she also issued proclamations against them. In 1596 she wrote to the lord mayors of major cities noting that there were 'of late divers blackmoores brought into this realm, of which kind of people there are already here to manie...'. She ordered that 'those kinde of people should be sente forth of the land'."
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/blackhistory/early_times/elizabeth.htm


quote:
"A few Africans had visited and lived in Europe, including Britain, since Roman times. From the 1450s the Portuguese transported thousands of enslaved Africans to Spain, Portugal and Italy to work as servants or in the fields. Lisbon, for instance, had a significant African population from the 16th century.....

In Britain Queen Elizabeth was complaining about the number of 'blackamoores' as early as 1596. By the mid 18th century London had the largest Black population in Britain, made up of free and enslaved people, as well as many runaways. The total number may have been about 10,000"

http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/ism/slavery/europe/black_people.aspx
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CelticWarrioress
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quote:
Originally posted by Ish Gebor:
quote:
Originally posted by CelticWarrioress:
MOM,

Lying Black racist, Black supremacist. Whites most certainly did build our own civilizations,we most certainly did develope our own writing script,yes we most certainly did come upon metal smelting, before we ever knew your kind even existed.

lol at this alternative republican reality.

http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=8;t=009377;p=1#000000

Troll Patrol,

Letting your Black supremacy show there, you just admitted that you think Whites are inferior & have no achievements/accomplishments, built nothing, etc. Keep exposing yourself. Sorry not alternative reality you White people hating dumbass, real reality.

Posts: 3257 | From: Madisonville, KY USA | Registered: Nov 2011  |  IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
Ish Geber
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quote:
Originally posted by CelticWarrioress:
quote:
Originally posted by Ish Gebor:
quote:
Originally posted by CelticWarrioress:
MOM,

Lying Black racist, Black supremacist. Whites most certainly did build our own civilizations,we most certainly did develope our own writing script,yes we most certainly did come upon metal smelting, before we ever knew your kind even existed.

lol at this alternative republican reality.

http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=8;t=009377;p=1#000000

Troll Patrol,

Letting your Black supremacy show there, you just admitted that you think Whites are inferior & have no achievements/accomplishments, built nothing, etc. Keep exposing yourself. Sorry not alternative reality you White people hating dumbass, real reality.

LOL At this dumbo with alternate facts.

Nothing is what you THINK it is like. You suffer from delusions.

Science tells that modern Europeans came/ originate from Asia Minor / Central Asia. To call someone a black supremacy, because a white scientists wrote this is more alternative reality and merely laughable.

If you "independently" invented scripts why then use Roman (Latin) scripts? Modern day scripture as we see it is only 1000 years old in some parts of Europe. Romans enslaved most of Europe and so spread culture affinities.


You are so stupid you don't even know your own history, so you create this alternative reality and truth, but you want people to believe your white supremacy B.S..

quote:

The History of Scripts

Handwriting is an individualistic craft and each scribe writes a little differently. However, over time the forms of letters and the style of writing have changed. Different styles have also developed for particular purposes, so that even in the same time and place, the handwriting of a majestic book of church liturgy, designed for reading aloud in solemn performance, may be different to that of a more modest book, and to that of a royal charter, and to that of a scribe in a court of law, and to that of a tired and irritable university student.


Two examples from one document showing the variations in hands between two scribes writing in essentially the same script, Caroline minuscule. The book is an 11th century manuscript, the Harley Psalter (British Library, Harley 603), by permission of the British Library.


Despite the variations, there are recognisable patterns of change which have occurred over time as writing has evolved. Styles of writing can be categorised into named scripts which can be identified as to their time and place of origin. Because of the natural variation and fluid relationships between these products of individual human creativity, the classification and nomenclature of scripts is somewhat variable. There are trends, developments of very different general categories of script, periods of diversification and periods of consolidation of styles. Change has sometimes occurred rapidly and sometimes slowly.


(See Bischoff 1990, also Brown 1990, also Jackson 1981, also Thompson 1912.)

The history of script changes reflects aspects of the history of the literate world. They are of interest not only to those who have a fascination for the changing shapes of letters, but to those with a more general interest in the history of social and cultural processes.

The scripts used by the Romans were used throughout the Empire and formed the basis for all later developments. After the fall of the Empire, surviving and reviving centres of literacy developed a diversity of scripts based on the Roman model. The script known as Caroline minuscule was developed in the revival of literacy and Classical culture which occurred under the Emperor Charlemagne. This became a standard across much of literate Europe by the 10th century. A new wave of diversification began in northern France and the Low Countries in the 11th century, resulting in the development of the large and diverse family of scripts known as Gothic. In the Renaissance period in Italy, a return to aspects of Classical culture included the revival of what were perceived as Classical scripts. This era represented the end of manuscript book production to any significant degree, although a range of stylised hands for document production remained in use.

http://medievalwriting.50megs.com/scripts/history1.htm


quote:
MEDIEVAL LATIN LITERATURE

From about 500 to 1500 Latin was the principal language of the church, as well as of administration, theology, philosophy, science, history, biography, and belles lettres, and medieval Latin literature is therefore remarkably rich.

https://www.britannica.com/art/Latin-literature/Medieval-Latin-literature

You will translate the above as blacks hating you. Yes, you are that dumb.


Even Wikipedia? [Big Grin]

quote:

Middle Ages

With the spread of Western Christianity during the Middle Ages, the Latin alphabet was gradually adopted by the peoples of Northern Europe who spoke Celtic languages (displacing the Ogham alphabet) or Germanic languages (displacing earlier Runic alphabets) or Baltic languages, as well as by the speakers of several Uralic languages, most notably Hungarian, Finnish and Estonian.

The Latin script also came into use for writing the West Slavic languages and several South Slavic languages, as the people who spoke them adopted Roman Catholicism. The speakers of East Slavic languages generally adopted Cyrillic along with Orthodox Christianity. The Serbian language uses both scripts, with Cyrillic predominating in official communication and Latin elsewhere, as determined by the Law on Official Use of the Language and Alphabet.[6]

Since the 16th century

As late as 1500, the Latin script was limited primarily to the languages spoken in Western, Northern, and Central Europe. The Orthodox Christian Slavs of Eastern and Southeastern Europe mostly used Cyrillic, and the Greek alphabet was in use by Greek-speakers around the eastern Mediterranean. The Arabic script was widespread within Islam, both among Arabs and non-Arab nations like the Iranians, Indonesians, Malays, and Turkic peoples. Most of the rest of Asia used a variety of Brahmic alphabets or the Chinese script.


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_script
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010  |  IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
Ish Geber
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quote:
Single Latin characters and the word 'rot' written inside herbal drawings have been observed after the high-resolution colour images of the Voynich MS were made available by the Beinecke library. Since most of these are inside the drawings, and in some cases under the paint, these were almost certainly written by the original scribe of the MS. A comparison with another 15th Century herbal: MS 362 of the 'Biblioteca Civica Bertoliana' in Vicenza (one of the so-called alchemical herbals), makes it plausbile that these are colour annotations, and the mother tongue of the Voynich MS author was German (22).

The famous entry on f116v, consisting of four lines, is a mixture of (apparently) pseudo-Latin, Voynichese and German text. Most of it is written in the normal text frame of the Voynich MS, so it was also most probably written by the original scribe, though this is not certain. Its meaning has been debated over many decades. The script appears to my untrained eyes as German, and belonging to the 1430-1450 time interval (23). Both suspicions have been confirmed by other, for example Helmut Winkler, participant in several Voynich MS-related fora. It suggests again that the scribe's mother language is German, and the timing is not inconsistent with the time at which the MS may have been completed.

http://www.voynich.nu/origin.html#numbers


quote:
Medieval Book History Week Lecture: “Practical Latin and Formal English in the 14th-15th Centuries”
http://www.medievalists.net/2012/11/medieval-book-history-week-lecture-practical-latin-and-formal-english-in-the-14th-15th-centuries/
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010  |  IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
   

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