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Genetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region variations in four tribes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Bhatti S1 April 2016 Abstract Due to its geo strategic position at the crossroad of Asia, Pakistan has gained crucial importance of playing its pivotal role in subsequent human migratory events, both prehistoric and historic. This human movement became possible through an ancient overland network of trails called "The Silk Route" linking Asia Minor, Middle East China, Central Asia and Southeast Asia. This study was conducted to analyze complete mitochondrial control region samples of 100 individuals of four major Pashtun tribes namely, Bangash, Khattak, Mahsuds and Orakzai in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. All Pashtun tribes revealed high genetic diversity which is comparable to the other Central Asian, Southeast Asian and European populations. The configuration of genetic variation and heterogeneity further unveiled through Multidimensional Scaling, Principal Component Analysis and phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed that Pashtun are the composite mosaic of West Eurasian ancestry of numerous geographic origin. They received substantial gene flow during different invasive movements and have a high element of the Western provenance. The most common haplogroups reported in this study are: South Asian haplogroups M (28%) and R (8%); whereas, West Asians haplogroups are present, albeit in high frequencies (67%) and widespread over all; HV (15%), U (17%), H (9%), J (8%), K (8%), W (4%), N (3%) and T (3%). Moreover, we linked the unexplored genetic connection between Ashkenazi Jews and Pashtun. The presence of specific haplotypes J1b (4%) and K1a1b1a (5%) pointed to a genetic connection of Jewish conglomeration in Khattak tribe. This was a result of an ancient genetic influx in the ***EARLY*** Neolithic period that led to the formation of a diverse genetic substratum in present day Pashtun.
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The most common haplogroups reported in this study are: South Asian haplogroups M (28%) and R (8%); whereas, West Asians haplogroups are present, albeit in high frequencies (67%) and widespread over all; HV (15%), U (17%), H (9%), J (8%), K (8%), W (4%), N (3%) and T (3%). Moreover, we linked the unexplored genetic connection between Ashkenazi Jews and Pashtun. The presence of specific haplotypes J1b (4%) and K1a1b1a (5%) pointed to a genetic connection of Jewish conglomeration in Khattak tribe. This was a result of an ancient genetic influx in the ***EARLY*** Neolithic period that led to the formation of a diverse genetic substratum in present day Pashtun. [/QB]
"Neolithic" means farming cultures. You act like it is a race
If it is a race look at the above haplogroups, those are the Neolithic haplogroups in this case
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There is no race Lioness. That is why I have a problem with you calling me racist. The evidence emerging is the Neolithisc are a new group of Africans migrating out of Africa bringing new Technology through EurAsia possibly as far as China. Keeping in mind Chnese Jews carry yDNA J1 and possibly E-M215, Doron Behar et al.It is obvious from the recent paper on Natufians that the technology and migration started long before the incepton of Judiasm may be as early as 10,000BC.
-------------------- Without data you are just another person with an opinion - Deming Posts: 12143 | From: When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable | Registered: Jun 2007
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quote:Originally posted by xyyman: There is no race Lioness. That is why I have a problem with you calling me racist. The evidence emerging is the Neolithisc are a new group of Africans migrating out of Africa bringing new Technology through EurAsia possibly as far as China. Keeping in mind Chnese Jews carry yDNA J1 and possibly E-M215, Doron Behar et al.It is obvious from the recent paper on Natufians that the technology and migration started long before the incepton of Judiasm may be as early as 10,000BC.
Neolithic means first farming cultures. It is not a type of people and it has occurred independently in more than one region.
Read your own quoted material again
quote:Originally posted by xyyman:
The most common haplogroups reported in this study are: South Asian haplogroups M (28%) and R (8%); whereas, West Asians haplogroups are present, albeit in high frequencies (67%) and widespread over all; HV (15%), U (17%), H (9%), J (8%), K (8%), W (4%), N (3%) and T (3%). Moreover, we linked the unexplored genetic connection between Ashkenazi Jews and Pashtun. The presence of specific haplotypes J1b (4%) and K1a1b1a (5%) pointed to a genetic connection of Jewish conglomeration in Khattak tribe. This was a result of an ancient genetic influx in the ***EARLY*** Neolithic period that led to the formation of a diverse genetic substratum in present day Pashtun. [/QB]
So the haplogroups in this case are M R HV U H J1b K1a1b1a W N T
So this means " The evidence emerging is the Neolithisc are a new group of Africans migrating out of Africa" ???
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No kitty. According to Lazaridis Basal Eurasian has African origin. Confirmed by DNATRIBES, Sergi. speculated the EuraAfrican originated in the Sudan reaching the Indus Valley. Behar showed this EuraAfrican probably reached China, remnants in the Chinese Jews ?
-------------------- Without data you are just another person with an opinion - Deming Posts: 12143 | From: When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable | Registered: Jun 2007
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quote:Originally posted by xyyman: No kitty. According to Lazaridis Basal Eurasian has African origin. Confirmed by DNATRIBES, Sergi. speculated the EuraAfrican originated in the Sudan reaching the Indus Valley. Behar showed this EuraAfrican probably reached China, remnants in the Chinese Jews ?
These are not neolithic remnants, the Jewish, like the Arab element result from trade and Muslim incursions into China. It is sad people write papers without doing background anthropological and historical research.
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quote:Originally posted by xyyman: No kitty. According to Lazaridis Basal Eurasian has African origin. Confirmed by DNATRIBES, Sergi. speculated the EuraAfrican originated in the Sudan reaching the Indus Valley. Behar showed this EuraAfrican probably reached China, remnants in the Chinese Jews ?
you are confused about a lot of things. "Basal Eurasian" is a hypothetical theory which applies to the first populations out of africa tens of thousands of years prior to the farming (Neolithic) period.
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Context Lioness. "BASAL" means migration 'after' Hunter Gathers . Europeans are as much as 80% Neolithic EEF. 20-40% HUNTER GATHERS .
Stop misdirecting and misleading.
-------------------- Without data you are just another person with an opinion - Deming Posts: 12143 | From: When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable | Registered: Jun 2007
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quote:Originally posted by xyyman: Context Lioness. "BASAL" means migration 'after' Hunter Gathers . Europeans are as much as 80% Neolithic EEF. 20-40% HUNTER GATHERS .
Stop misdirecting and misleading.
The problem with you is that you misdirect and mislead all over the place, you don't know you are doing it and then when someone corrects you in your erroneous world they are the person misdirecting and misleading.
^^ Here is the Lazaridis chart. As plainly shown Basal Eurasians (basal meaning "the base of" ) come before (tens of thousands of years before) before EEF (Early European Farmers) and as is shown the EEF derive some of their ancestry from this hypothetical "Basal Eurasian" as well as West Eurasians
and all of this the non-African split,
quote: The basal Eurasian split must be even older, and might be related to early settlement of the Levant23 or Arabia24,25 before the diversification of most Eurasians, or more recent gene flow from Africa26. However, the basal Eurasian population shares much of the genetic drift common to non-African populations after their separation from Africans, and thus does not appear to represent gene flow between sub-Saharan Africans and the ancestors of non-Africans after the out-of- Africa bottleneck (Supplementary Information section 14).
---Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans Iosif Lazaridis, 2014
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Ha! Ha! Ha! Play that game. Basal Eurasian is the “pre-cursor” to EEF. In the first paper Lazaridis claim to be unsure of the origin(LIAR!). In his later paper hes stated the origin was either IN Africa OR the Middle East but NOT both. In this Natufian paper he is leaning towards Africa. But DNATribes was way ahead of him as was Sergi. Did you look at what you just posted??? Lol! Notice they used Mbuti as the “African” source. Why? Because Yoruba is also Neolithic and part of the Basal Eurasian. Guess you did not know that. That is why he stated in the paper that he could not disentangle Yoruba from Bedouins/EEF. So he chose a more ancient African population to represent Africans. Mbuti. And he chose Bedoiuns as his proxy in the Middle east. You missed that? When you post charts you need to read and understand it first. BTW the percentages are all off. The tables has southern European up to as high as 80% EEF/African
Verschlimmbessern!!! Lol!
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Just for clarity. "basal" in this context applies to QUANTITY NOT which was first. In the Busby paper it has a slightly different context. Deep=basal=hunter gatherer=ANE or WHG = pre-Neolithic=Khoisan
-------------------- Without data you are just another person with an opinion - Deming Posts: 12143 | From: When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable | Registered: Jun 2007
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quote:Originally posted by xyyman: Ha! Ha! Ha! Play that game. Basal Eurasian is the “pre-cursor” to EEF. In the first paper Lazaridis claim to be unsure of the origin(LIAR!). In his later paper hes stated the origin was either IN Africa OR the Middle East but NOT both. In this Natufian paper he is leaning towards Africa. But DNATribes was way ahead of him as was Sergi. Did you look at what you just posted??? Lol! Notice they used Mbuti as the “African” source. Why? Because Yoruba is also Neolithic and part of the Basal Eurasian. Guess you did not know that. That is why he stated in the paper that he could not disentangle Yoruba from Bedouins/EEF. So he chose a more ancient African population to represent Africans. Mbuti. And he chose Bedoiuns as his proxy in the Middle east. You missed that? When you post charts you need to read and understand it first. BTW the percentages are all off. The tables has southern European up to as high as 80% EEF/African
Verschlimmbessern!!! Lol!
You still do not know what Neolithic means
Neolithic means the first farming cultures 10,200 BC,to ending between 4,500 and 2,000 BC.
__
Again, Basal Eurasian is tens of thousands of years before that andrelated to the early OOA populations
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Again far far more recent than "basal Eurasian" so when xyyman switches back and forth between these terms it makes no sense
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Again far far more recent than "basal Eurasian" so when xyyman switches back and forth between these terms it makes no sense
That is because these archeological findings date different from place to place. In Africa this date dates back earlier.
quote:Recent discoveries at Ounjougou reveal that Africa has experienced one of the most ancient ceramics in the world, at the beginning of the 10th millennium BC, while recent researches in the Sahara and in the Nile Valley demonstrate the practice of domestication of bovines in the course of the 9th millennium BC, more than 1000 years before Greece and the Middle East.
Use of the term “Neolithic” in Africa: two schools of thought
For Europe and the Near East, the term “Neolithic” designates sedentary societies whose economy is based on a system of production of food-producing goods. Apart from a few rare exceptions, the Neolithic is characterized here by the adoption, in varying order, of animal domestication, agriculture, ceramic production and sedentation. At some point later on, this process ended, for cereal-growing societies, with urbanization.
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Genetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region variations in four tribes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Bhatti S1 April 2016
The haplogroup R (sub-clad of N) embraced the majority of the West Asian and European haplogroups H, HV, J, T, K and U, which have different frequencies in four tribal groups of Pashtun (Malmstro€m et al. 2015). The overwhelming bulk of R lineage (67%) in Pashtun has a clear Europe and West Asia provenance due to Paleolithic and Neolithic expansions of Caucasian that reached in South Asia via Iranian plateau and might be Arabian Sea maritime routes, could be the possible ground for this genetic influx (Stoljarova et al. 2016; Haber et al. 2016).
Despite principal sub-haplogroups of U, one European-spe- cific haplogroup U5 exhibited 5% relative incidence in Pashtun. Previous, studies of ancient mtDNA presented that U5 haplogroup was most frequent in Mesolithic and Neolithic Europeans. For instance, a high frequency (65%) of U5 hap- logroups has been perceived in the European hunter-gather- ers individuals (Malmstro€m et al. 2009; Sanchez-Quinto et al. 2012; Cassidy et al. 2016).
Our research findings suggested an in situ ori- gin of haplogroup M haplotypes found in Ethiopian and Kenyan population and haplogroup U haplotypes (West Eurasian) found in Pakistani population, gave a positive wave for the original dispersal of Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH) out of Africa through southern route.
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quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: Genetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region variations in four tribes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Bhatti S1 April 2016
The haplogroup R (sub-clad of N) embraced the majority of the West Asian and European haplogroups H, HV, J, T, K and U, which have different frequencies in four tribal groups of Pashtun (Malmstro€m et al. 2015). The overwhelming bulk of R lineage (67%) in Pashtun has a clear Europe and West Asia provenance due to Paleolithic and Neolithic expansions of Caucasian that reached in South Asia via Iranian plateau and might be Arabian Sea maritime routes, could be the possible ground for this genetic influx (Stoljarova et al. 2016; Haber et al. 2016).
Despite principal sub-haplogroups of U, one European-spe- cific haplogroup U5 exhibited 5% relative incidence in Pashtun. Previous, studies of ancient mtDNA presented that U5 haplogroup was most frequent in Mesolithic and Neolithic Europeans. For instance, a high frequency (65%) of U5 hap- logroups has been perceived in the European hunter-gather- ers individuals (Malmstro€m et al. 2009; Sanchez-Quinto et al. 2012; Cassidy et al. 2016).
Our research findings suggested an in situ ori- gin of haplogroup M haplotypes found in Ethiopian and Kenyan population and haplogroup U haplotypes (West Eurasian) found in Pakistani population, gave a positive wave for the original dispersal of Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH) out of Africa through southern route.
Before you reach Pakistan, from East Africa. You need to cross a few places before. How is this being explained? Or how would you explain this?
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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