Pyramids or Meroe (Sudan). Tombs at the pyramid ruins of Sudan
Pyramids in Bajrawia
more to come!
ARCHAEOLOGY IN SUDAN
The home of the earliest kingdoms and civilisations south of the Sahara, the rich archaeological heritage of Sudan and Nubia still remains little known. In a vast country, archaeological work is still thinly spread and under-resourced. Archaeologists are only at the very beginning of the study of the first great kingdom of Sudan at Kerma (c.2500-1500 BCE), the Kush*te/Meroitic Empire (c.800 BCE-350 CE), the prosperous medieval Nubian kingdoms and the great Sultanates of Funj Sennar and Darfur of the post-medieval period. Unfortunately very little archaeological work has ever been carried out in southern Sudan so, as yet, we know very little of its early past.
While the name 'Nubia' is commonly associated with the areas of the far north of Sudan, and southern Egypt, medieval Nubia (the land of the 'Nuba'/'Noba') was a much greater region, extending far to the south of Khartoum - while the family of Nubian languages seems to have been widespread across much of what is now west, central and northern Sudan. It has become traditional to refer to all the ancient inhabitants of this region as 'Nubian', although that name is of relatively recent origin, first appearing in historical texts during the mid-first millennium BCE.
Until recently, the Kerma civilisation was known only from the townsite and cemeteries of its metropolitan centre and smaller sites to the north, towards Egypt. However, recent survey and excavation work has identified many new sites south of Kerma, many located on channels of the Nile, now dry, which lay to the east of the modern course of the river. This pattern of settlement indicates a substantial population and for the first time provides us with some sort of context in which we can place Kerma itself. In the absence of systematic survey work further south - upstream - the full extent of the Kerma kingdom and its civilisation still remains uncertain.
As the long history of Egyptian military activity in Lower Nubia indicates, Kerma was perceived as a major threat to Pharaonic Egypt. In the absence of written records from Kerma, our perceptions of 'Nubia' during this period have of course been greatly influenced by Egyptian historical records. They, however, only tell half the story of the frontier wars and the gradual colonisation of Lower Nubia. Increasingly, the results of archaeological work in the Kerma heartlands is beginning to make it possible to tell the story from the other side.....
we have few written souces from kerma but they are very limited and in recent years there has been much more info on napata,meroe,el kurru and later nubia,so progress is happening,just got to look out for them. medieval and early modern nubia we have even much more info since we could read the scripts and the post meroe period we could read the scripts too but they are more limited. some of the meriotic script could be read so there has been some progress but most can't be understood and as quiet as it's kept scholars could read and understand for some reason all of the meriotic script in lower nubia but the rest of nubia is more harder to understand most of meriotic script there,but some could be read.
note-post meroe is a period in later ancient times and very early medieval times after meroe and before the christian period of medieval nubia.
Posted by Clyde Winters (Member # 10129) on :
kenndo quote: ________________________________________________________________ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- we have few written souces from kerma but they are very limited and in recent years there has been much more info on napata,meroe,el kurru and later nubia,so progress is happening,just got to look out for them. medieval and early modern nubia we have even much more info since we could read the scripts and the post meroe period we could read the scripts too but they are more limited. some of the meriotic script could be read so thier has been some progress but most can't be understood and as quiet as it's kept scholars could read and understand for some reason all of the meriotic script in lower nubia but the rest of nubia is more harder to understand most of meriotic script there,but some could be read. _________________________________________________________________
Kenndo I deciphered the Meroitic script years ago. All of these incriptions can now be read.
You can read more about my decipherment of Meroitic in the following articles:
Winters,Clyde Ahmad. (Juin 1984b). "A Note on Tokharian and Meroitic", Meroitic Newsletter \Bulletin d"Information Meroitiques , No.23 , pages 18-21.
Winters,Clyde Ahmad. (1989b). "Cheikh Anta Diop et le dechiffrement de l'ecriture Meroitique",Cabet: Revue Martinique de Sciences Humaines et de Litterature 8,pp. 149-152.
Winters, Clyde Ahmad.(1998). Meroitic funerary Text.Part1, Inscription Journal of Ancient Egypt 1,(1), pp.29-34.
Winters, Clyde Ahmad.(1998). Meroitic funerary Text.Part1, Inscription Journal of Ancient Egypt 1,(2), pp.41-55.
Winters, Clyde Ahmad. (1999). The inscriptions of Tanyidamani. Nubica IV und Nubica V., pp.355-388.
You can read more about my decipherment at the following web site:
My most recent articles discussing Meroitic history and deciphering Meroitic documents include the Meroitic Evidence for a Blemmy Empire in the Dodekaschoinos can be found at the following site:
quote:Originally posted by Clyde Winters: kenndo quote: ________________________________________________________________ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- we have few written souces from kerma but they are very limited and in recent years there has been much more info on napata,meroe,el kurru and later nubia,so progress is happening,just got to look out for them. medieval and early modern nubia we have even much more info since we could read the scripts and the post meroe period we could read the scripts too but they are more limited. some of the meriotic script could be read so thier has been some progress but most can't be understood and as quiet as it's kept scholars could read and understand for some reason all of the meriotic script in lower nubia but the rest of nubia is more harder to understand most of meriotic script there,but some could be read. _________________________________________________________________
Kenndo I deciphered the Meroitic script years ago. All of these incriptions can now be read.
You can read more about my decipherment of Meroitic in the following articles:
Winters,Clyde Ahmad. (Juin 1984b). "A Note on Tokharian and Meroitic", Meroitic Newsletter \Bulletin d"Information Meroitiques , No.23 , pages 18-21.
Winters,Clyde Ahmad. (1989b). "Cheikh Anta Diop et le dechiffrement de l'ecriture Meroitique",Cabet: Revue Martinique de Sciences Humaines et de Litterature 8,pp. 149-152.
Winters, Clyde Ahmad.(1998). Meroitic funerary Text.Part1, Inscription Journal of Ancient Egypt 1,(1), pp.29-34.
Winters, Clyde Ahmad.(1998). Meroitic funerary Text.Part1, Inscription Journal of Ancient Egypt 1,(2), pp.41-55.
Winters, Clyde Ahmad. (1999). The inscriptions of Tanyidamani. Nubica IV und Nubica V., pp.355-388.
You can read more about my decipherment at the following web site:
My most recent articles discussing Meroitic history and deciphering Meroitic documents include the Meroitic Evidence for a Blemmy Empire in the Dodekaschoinos can be found at the following site:
How well supported are you by peers?
Posted by Clyde Winters (Member # 10129) on :
The support of my peers has been mixed. As you can see I have had articles published in Nubica, Arkamani and the Meroitic Newsletter, but some of my peers have not accepted my decipherment, yet they fail to explain why.
I have come to the conclusion that since they have not been able to decipher the writing system themselves they refuse to acknowledge my decipherment because I am not part of the clique.
______________________________________________________________ quote: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Originally posted by Clyde Winters: kenndo quote: ________________________________________________________________ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- we have few written souces from kerma but they are very limited and in recent years there has been much more info on napata,meroe,el kurru and later nubia,so progress is happening,just got to look out for them. medieval and early modern nubia we have even much more info since we could read the scripts and the post meroe period we could read the scripts too but they are more limited. some of the meriotic script could be read so thier has been some progress but most can't be understood and as quiet as it's kept scholars could read and understand for some reason all of the meriotic script in lower nubia but the rest of nubia is more harder to understand most of meriotic script there,but some could be read. _________________________________________________________________
Kenndo I deciphered the Meroitic script years ago. All of these incriptions can now be read.
You can read more about my decipherment of Meroitic in the following articles:
Winters,Clyde Ahmad. (Juin 1984b). "A Note on Tokharian and Meroitic", Meroitic Newsletter \Bulletin d"Information Meroitiques , No.23 , pages 18-21.
Winters,Clyde Ahmad. (1989b). "Cheikh Anta Diop et le dechiffrement de l'ecriture Meroitique",Cabet: Revue Martinique de Sciences Humaines et de Litterature 8,pp. 149-152.
Winters, Clyde Ahmad.(1998). Meroitic funerary Text.Part1, Inscription Journal of Ancient Egypt 1,(1), pp.29-34.
Winters, Clyde Ahmad.(1998). Meroitic funerary Text.Part1, Inscription Journal of Ancient Egypt 1,(2), pp.41-55.
Winters, Clyde Ahmad. (1999). The inscriptions of Tanyidamani. Nubica IV und Nubica V., pp.355-388.
You can read more about my decipherment at the following web site:
My most recent articles discussing Meroitic history and deciphering Meroitic documents include the Meroitic Evidence for a Blemmy Empire in the Dodekaschoinos can be found at the following site:
