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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Sub-zero: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Aliym: [qb] I highly doubt the validity of this info.[/qb][/QUOTE]You doubt? Like I made it up or something? :) Anyway, historical facts are all over the place for any researcher, please feel free to prove me wrong. The Ijtihad door being closed is a term used by historians to describe the diminishing of progressive thinking during a certain era. Ijtihad is mainly associated with the Shi'a Muslim Jafari school of jurisprudence. The "gates of ijtihad" were "closed" in [b]the 10th century in Sunni fiqh[/b], meaning that ijtihad is not practiced in Sunni Islam, and Sunnis, unlike Shi'as, have to follow rulings interpreted in the 10th century. Hence a consensus gradually established itself to the effect that from that time onwards no one could be deemed to have the necessary qualifications for independent reasoning in religious law, and that all future activity would have to be confined to the explanation, application, and, at the most, interpretation of the doctrine as it had been laid down once and for all. Al-Ma'mun the infamous Abbassy Caliph introduced the mihna (which is comparable to Medieval European inquisitions only in the sense that it involved imprisonment, a religious test, and a loyalty oath) with the intension to centralize religious power in the caliphal institution and test the loyalty of his subjects. The mihna had to be undergone by elites, scholars, judges and other government officials, and in consisted of a series of questions relating to theology and faith. [QUOTE]Originally posted by Aliym: [qb]From my personal knowledge the door of ijtihad has never been shut in any islamic era since its opened,,I even dare to say until nowdays[/qb][/QUOTE]If we agree that the Islamic scientists in all branches reached the peek in sciences and inventions during that time, then why did it stop?? Doesn't that logically mean that something drastic occurred to stop that flow of inventions? Nowadays we are importers of the products of other civilizations, what does that say? It clearly says that human society progresses only if you have people willing to challenge orthodoxy, it will progress only if you allow an "atmosphere of freedom" of thinking. It should be noted that those great thinkers and scientists that you mentioned a few of were accused of blasphemy or apostasy. The likes of Bashshar Ibn Burd, Avicenna, Averroes, Al-Razi and Al-Ma'arri were most likely apostates. References: http://www.reference.com/browse/wiki/Ijtihad http://www.islamicvoice.com/june.98/islamic.htm [/QB][/QUOTE]
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