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Ethnic groups in Yeman and history
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by ausar: [QB] Since our conversation in the last post drifted off on Yemen and Ethiopia I felt it relevent to discuss the historical implications of the Yemani populations. Some facts about the Yemani population can be diserned from the following: Journal of World Prehistory 12 (1): 55-119, March 1998 Southwest Arabia During the Holocene: Recent Archaeological Developments Christopher Edens, T.J. Wilkinson Abstract Recent fieldwork has considerably increased our knowledge of early Holocene settlement in Southwest Arabia. Neolithic settlement occured within an environmental context of increased monsoonal moisture that continued during the mid-Holocene. A now well-attested Bronze Age exemplified by village and town settlements occupied by sedentary farmers developed toward the end of the mid-Holocene moist interval. The high plateau of Yemen was an early focus for the development of Bronze Age complex society, the economy of which relied upon terrace rain fed and runoff agriculture. On the fringes of the Arabian Desert, the precursors of the Sabaean literate civilization have been traced back to between 3600 and 2800 B.P., and even earlier, so that a virtually continuous archaeological record can now be desribe for parts of Yemen. In contrast to the highlands these societies relied upon food production from large scale irrigation systems dependent upon capricious wadi floods. Bronze Age settlement, while showing some links with the southern Levant, now shows equal or stronger linkages with the Horn of Africa across the Red Sea. Although some regions of Yemen show breaks in occupation, others show continuity into the Sabaean period when a series of major towns grew up in response to the increased incense trade with the north. It is now clear that these civilizations grew up on the foundations of earlier Bronze Age complex societies. The Yemani with the most relationship with the ancient Sabeans and Himyarite Arabs are the following: The three tribes that speak Mahra are known to other Arabs as the Ahl al Hadara. They are the Qarra, Mahra and Harasis with parts of other tribes (WT p.47.) [b]The language is derived from the language of the Sabaeans, Minaeans and Himyarites. The Mahra with other Southern Arabian peoples seem aligned to the Hamitic race of north-east Africa. The Mahra are believed to be descended from the Habasha, who colonised Ethiopia in the first millennium BC (WT p. 198). Many Bait Kathir understand the Mahri language. The Qarra and Mahra have almost beardless faces, fuzzy hair and dark pigmentation (WP171).[/b] <http://www.globalconnections.co.uk/pdfs/MAHRAArabs.pdf>>. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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