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[QUOTE]Originally posted by White Nord: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Sundiata: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by White Nord: [QB] You know it's ridiculous that you guys continue this assertion that the Ancient Egyptians were Negroid.[/QUOTE]"Negroid" is a debunked racial classification that need not apply.. [QUOTE] [IMG]http://i23.photobucket.com/albums/b383/shurikenjay/BracesClinesandclustersmap.jpg[/IMG] Look at the marker for Bronze Age Nubia. The Bronze age took place 3300B.C-2000B.C. You guys claim that these Nubians are exactly the same as the Egyptians, but this map from brace shows how vastly different they are (Egyptian camapigns into Nubia haven't quite taken place yet - hence no real race mixing at this point)! Again, the Swiss come in first place LOL![/QUOTE]Notwithstanding Brace's limited population samples and confusing terminology, Somalis are still the closest to pre-dynastic ancient Egyptians (before any "mixing").. Face it, they are grouped with Africans either way you look at it. Also, this is outdated, and Brace has revised a few of his approaches, hence, he gathers more samples and places pre-dynastic Egypt and Nubia within the same twig. Here's a bit of criticism of Brace's flawed approach: [i]"In a direct attack on the study by Brace et al., 'Clines and clusters versus "race"' (1993), Keita and Kittles accuse its authors of distorting the picture of the true genetic diversity of Africans and, as a result, of complicity with the very thinking they appear to denounce":[/i] [QUOTE]"Another example of the use of a socially constructed typological paradigm is in studies of the Nile Valley populations in which the concept of a biological African is restricted to those with a particular craniometric pattern (called in the past the 'True Negro' though no 'True White' was ever defined). Early Nubians, Egyptians, and even Somalians are viewed essentially as non-Africans, when in fact numerous lines of evidence and an evolutionary model make them a part of African biocultural/biogeographical history. The diversity of 'authentic' Africans is a reality. [b]This diversity prevents biogeographical/biohistorical Africans from clustering into a single unit, no matter the kind of data[/b] (emphasis added)."[/QUOTE]- S.O.Y. Keita and Rick A. Kitties, 'The persistence of racial thinking and the myth of racial divergence', American Anthropologist (Vol. 99, no. 3, 1997), pp. 534-44; pp. 534, 540. And: Jean Hiernaux "The People of Africa" 1975 p.53, 54 [i]"[b]In sub-Saharan Africa[/b], many anthropological characters show a wide range of population means or frequencies. In some of them, the [b]whole world range is covered in the sub-continent[/b]. Here live the [b]shortest[/b] and the [b]tallest human[/b] populations, the one with the [b]highest[/b] and the one with the [b]lowest nose[/b], the one with the [b]thickest[/b] and the one with the [b]thinnest lips[/b] in the world. In this area, the range of the average [b]nose widths[/b] covers [b]92 per cent of the world range[/b]: only a narrow range of [b]extremely low means[/b] are [b]absent from the African record[/b]. Means for [b]head diameters[/b] cover about [b]80 per cent of the world range; 60 per cent is the corresponding value for a variable once cherished by physical anthropologists[/b], the cephalic index, or ratio of the head width to head length expressed as a percentage....."[/i] [QUOTE]The Predynastic of Upper Egypt and the Late Dynastic of Lower Egypt are more closely related to each other than to any other population. As a whole, they show ties with the European Neolithic, North Africa, modern Europe, and, more remotely, India, but not at all with sub-Saharan Africa, eastern Asia, Oceania, or the New World. “It is obvious that both the Predynastic and the Late Dynastic Egyptians are more closely related to the European cluster than they are to any of the other major regional clusters in the world.” http://wysinger.homestead.com/brace.pdf Get Over it HARD EVIDENCE Refute it or say nothing! [/QUOTE]This is again, outdated. It's from 1993 and has already been refuted and addressed directly by citations I've posted above.. Another direct response to Brace (1993) [QUOTE]"One approach, although limited, with which to explore the possibility of migration in earlier times, is through analysis of craniometric affinities. Previous studies have not specifically addressed the immigration of farmers from Europe into the NileValley. However, [b]Brace et al. (1993) find that a series of upper Egyptian/Nubian epipalaeolithic crania affiliate by cluster analysis with groups they designate “sub-Saharan African” or just simply “African”[/b] (from which they incorrectly exclude the Maghreb, Sudan, and the Horn of Africa), whereas post-Badarian southern predynastic and a late dynastic northern series (called “E” or Gizeh) cluster together, and secondarily with Europeans. [b]In the primary cluster with the Egyptian groups are also remains representing populations from the ancient Sudan and recent Somalia.[/b] Brace et al. (1993) seemingly interpret these results as indicating a population relationship from Scandinavia to the Horn of Africa, [b]although the mechanism for this is not clearly stated[/b]; they also state that the Egyptians had no relationship with sub-Saharan Africans, a group that they nearly treat (incorrectly) as monolithic, although sometimes seemingly including Somalia, [b]which directly undermines aspects of their claims. Sub-Saharan Africa does not define/delimit authentic Africanity[/b]". -[/QUOTE]Early Nile Valley Farmers, From El-Badari, Aboriginals or “European” Agro-Nostratic Immigrants? Craniometric Affinities Considered With Other Data, S.O.Y. Keita, Journal of Black Studies, Vol. 36 No. 2, pp. 191-208 (2005) [/qb][/QUOTE]All of this stil does not explain why the Swiss sample are so close to the Egyptian population (probably the closest). [/QB][/QUOTE]
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