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Keita: " Ancient Egyptian Origins" - NatGeo (2008)
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by MindoverMatter718: [QB] Boofer, what you posted is false, and derives from the false implication of U6 being Asian. Anyway, one would have to explain away the appearance of Africans in Morroco, in symbolic activity to that of South Africa (Blombos cave) 82kya, and that at this time all humans still resembled Africans. Also, for example as many times as you trolled on this board should already know North Africans carry high levels of derived Y haplogroup E, E is sub Saharan. This being the case how can they only carry 8% sub Saharan lineages? [QUOTE]82,000-year-old shell beads from North Africa and implications for the origins of modern human behavior Abdeljalil Bouzouggar, Nick Barton, Marian Vanhaeren, Francesco d’Errico, Simon Collcutt, Tom Higham, Edward Hodge, Simon Parfitt, Edward Rhodes, Jean-Luc Schwenninger, Chris Stringer, Elaine Turner, Steven Wardo, Abdelkrim Moutmir, and Abdelhamid Stambouli http://www.pnas.org/content/104/24/9964.full.pdf+html?sid=589898f8-22a8-4c35-b282-7d8dbf6ad2fb The first appearance of explicitly symbolic objects in the archaeological record marks a fundamental stage in the emergence of modern social behavior in Homo. Ornaments such as shell beads represent some of the earliest objects of this kind. We report on examples of perforated Nassarius gibbosulus shell beads from Grotte des Pigeons (Taforalt, Morocco), North Africa. These marine shells come from archaeological levels dated by luminescence and uranium-series techniques to 82,000 years ago. They confirm evidence of similar ornaments from other less well dated sites in North Africa and adjacent areas of southwest Asia. The shells are of the same genus as shell beads from slightly younger levels at Blombos Cave in South Africa. Wear patterns on the shells imply that some of them were suspended, and, as at Blombos, they were covered in red ochre. These findings imply an early distribution of bead-making in Africa and southwest Asia at least 40 millennia before the appearance of similar cultural manifestations in Europe. [/QUOTE] [QUOTE] http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/01/070112104129.htm Until now, the lack of human fossils of appropriate antiquity from sub-Saharan Africa has meant that these competing genetic models of human evolution could not be tested by paleontological evidence. The skull from Hofmeyr has changed that. [b]The surprising similarity between a fossil skull (Hofmeyr) from the southernmost tip of Africa and similarly ancient skulls from Europe is in agreement with the genetics-based "Out of Africa" theory, which predicts that humans like those that inhabited Eurasia in the Upper Paleolithic should be found in sub-Saharan Africa around 36,000 years ago. The skull from South Africa provides the first fossil evidence in support of this prediction.[/b] [/QUOTE] [QUOTE] http://www.pnas.org/content/104/18/7367.full.pdf+html?sid=4fe8c6d0-a57b-49c0-ac09-a5f3a6e6b88f European early modern humans and the fate of the Neandertals Erik Trinkaus* "The skull is large and robust. The maximum estimated length and breadth of the neurocranium, as well as most measurements of the facial skeleton, lie at or exceed two standard deviations (SD) of the means for modern African males ,whereas they lie within these limits for Late Pleistocene crania from Eurasia and North Africa(table S3)." "As a result of an ongoing cleansing of the fossil record through direct radiometric dating, a series of obviously modern, and in fact Late Upper Paleolithic or Holocene, human remains have been removed from consideration (7). This cleansing has helped to dilute the impression that the earliest modern humans in Europe were just like recent European populations. Thus, Hofmeyr is seemingly primitive in comparison to recent African crania in a number of features, including a prominent glabella; moderately thick, continuous supraorbital tori; a tall, flat, and straight malar; a broad frontal process of the maxilla; and comparatively large molar crowns. [/QUOTE] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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