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DO THESE RUSSIAN ICONS SHOW BLACK PEOPLE?
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Mike111: [QB] [b]Egmond – The post by Doug (supposedly Written and Researched by Mario de Valdes y Cocom an historian of the African diaspora). Didn’t really strike me as right, so I decided to do a little digging of my own. As I always say, “Whites Lie” so of course there was some surprises.[/b] [b]Cosimo di Giovanni de' Medici[/b] [IMG]http://www.portfolio.com/images/feeds/blogs/blog-cosimo-de-medici-pontormo-large.jpg[/IMG] Cosimo di Giovanni de' Medici (September 27, 1389 – August 1, 1464), was the first of the Medici political dynasty, de facto rulers of Florence during most of the Italian Renaissance; also known as "Cosimo 'the Elder'". Born in Florence, Cosimo inherited both his wealth and his flair for business from his father, Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici. In 1415 he accompanied the Antipope John XXIII at the council of Constance, and in the same year he was named Priore of the Republic. Later he acted frequently as ambassador, showing a prudence for which he became renowned. On his death in 1464 at Careggi, Cosimo was succeeded by his son Piero 'the Gouty'. [b]Piero 'the Gouty'[/b] In 1444 Piero married the wise, tolerant and cultured Lucrezia Tornabuoni (1425-1482), a link to the old Florentine nobility. Piero had two sons, Lorenzo and Giuliano, [b]Lorenzo de' Medici[/b] [IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/401_Lorenzo_de_Medici_03.JPG[/IMG] Lorenzo de' Medici (1 January 1449 – 9 April 1492) was an Italian statesman and de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic during the Italian Renaissance. Known as Lorenzo the Magnificent (Lorenzo il Magnifico) by contemporary Florentines, he was a diplomat, politician and patron of scholars, artists, and poets. His life coincided with the high point of the early Italian Renaissance; his death marked the end of the Golden Age of Florence. The fragile peace he helped maintain between the various Italian states collapsed with his death. Lorenzo married twice - Lorenzo first married Clarice Orsini by proxy on February 7, 1469. She was a daughter of Giacomo Orsini, Lord of Monterotondo and Bracciano by his wife and cousin Maddalena Orsini. They had nine children: Lucrezia de' Medici Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici Maddalena di Lorenzo de' Medici Pope Leo X Luisa de' Medici Contessina de' Medici Giuliano di Lorenzo de' Medici His first son and his political heir, Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici (Piero 'the Unfortunate'), squandered his father's patrimony and brought down his father's dynasty in Florence. Another Medici, his brother Giovanni, restored it, but it was only made wholly secure again on the accession of a distant relative from a branch line of the family, Cosimo I de' Medici. [b]Piero de' Medici[/b] [IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Agnolo_Bronzino_-_Piero_il_Fatuo.jpg[/IMG] Piero de' Medici (February 15, 1472 – December 28, 1503), called Piero the Unfortunate, was the Gran maestro of Florence from 1492 until his exile in 1494. Born in Florence, Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici was the oldest son of Lorenzo de' Medici (the Magnificent) and Clarice Orsini, and older brother of Pope Leo X. Piero married Alfonsina Orsini in 1488. She was a daughter of Roberto Orsini, Count of Tagliacozzo and Caterina Sanseverino. They had two children: Lorenzo II, Duke of Urbino (September 12, 1492 - May 4, 1519). [b]{MAKE NOTE: Lorenzo II, Duke of Urbino STARTS THE NEXT LINE!!!!!!}[/b] Clarice de' Medici (1493 - May 3, 1528). (She married Filippo Strozzi the Younger (1488 - 1538). [b]Daughter Lucrezia di Lorenzo de' Medici[/b] [IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/30/Lucrezia_di_Medici.jpg/180px-Lucrezia_di_Medici.jpg[/IMG] Lucrezia de' Medici (4 August 1470 - between 10 and November 15 1553) was the eldest daughter of Lorenzo de' Medici and Clarice Orsini She married on the 10 September 1489 to Jacopo Salviati. By Salviati, she had 10 children, some of who were of great importance for the history of Renaissance Europe: Her son Giovanni Salviati, was a cardinal from 1517 until his death. Her portrait was considered (as a newborn) as the baby Jesus in Our Lady of the Magnificat of Sandro Botticelli Daughter Maria Salviati (1499 - 1543), married to Giovanni dalle Bande Nere. This marriage united the main branch and Popolano branch of the Medici family. His son, Cosimo, was named to lead Florence after the death of Duke Alessandro de' Medici [b]Maria Salviati c. 1537 A.D. and Giulia de' medici; see next page [/b] [IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Pontormo,_Maria_Salviati.jpg[/IMG] [b]Maria died on December 29, 1543 - note the other picture of her six years later, just before her death (Wiki). It's not the same woman. [/b] Maria’s husband Giovanni de' Medici, also known as Giovanni dalle Bande Nere (April 5, 1498 - November 30, 1526) was an Italian condottiero, (A mercenary leader). [b]Giovanni dalle Bande Nere[/b] [IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/0c/Gbnere_pace_1.jpg.jpg[/IMG] Cosimo I de' Medici was their only child [b]Cosimo I de' Medici[/b] [IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Angelo_Bronzino_036.jpg/491px-Angelo_Bronzino_036.jpg[/IMG] Cosimo I de' Medici (June 12, 1519 – April 21, 1574) was Duke of Florence from 1537 to 1574, reigning as the first Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1569. Cosimo was born in Florence, the son of the famous condottiere Giovanni dalle Bande Nere from Forlì and Maria Salviati. Cosimo came to power at 17, when Duke Alessandro de' Medici was assassinated in 1537, as Alessandro's only male issue was illegitimate. He was from a different branch of the family, and so far had lived in Mugello, being almost unknown in Florence: however, many of the influential men in the city favored him, in some cases perhaps hoping to rule through him, taking advantage of his age. However, as Benedetto Varchi famously put it "One bill had the glutton in mind, and another the innkeeper". Cosimo proved strong-willed, astute and ambitious, and soon rejected the clause he had signed, which entrusted much of the power to a council of Forty-Eight. [b]Continued on next page[/b] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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