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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Doug M: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by T. Rex: [qb] To be honest, I have to express some doubt that the Moors were all black. If that was true, why'd they depict themselves like this? [IMG]http://www.geocities.com/anahita_whitehorse/bayad-wa-riyad-3.jpg[/IMG] It's from "Qissat Bayad wa Riyad". [/qb][/QUOTE]This particular portrait is of a style that was quite common in the Islamic world from Persia into Central Asia and India. It is a result of strong Asian influence on the Islamic courts in Baghdad and Turkey. This is why it is hard to say whether or not it came from Islamic Spain. The problem here is that the ACTUAL books with images from Islamic Spain do exist and they DO have blacks in them. However, most of these books are in private hands or are in rare collections and not often seen by the public. Here are some other examples: [IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Kamal-ud-din_Bihzad_001.jpg/447px-Kamal-ud-din_Bihzad_001.jpg[/IMG] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kamal-ud-din_Bihzad_001.jpg [IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Twolovers.jpg[/IMG] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Twolovers.jpg The image itself is from a book called the Maqamat and illustrated by someone named Hariri: [QUOTE] Al-Maqamat is the title of a book written by Abu Muhammad al Qasim ibn Ali al-Hariri (1054-1122) containing fifty relatively short stories (maquamat = "settings" or "sessions"), each one identified by the name of a city in the Muslim world of the time. [b]The stories tell of actual adventures and especially the verbal pronouncements in verse or in prose of a roguish and peripatetic hero, Abu Zayd from Saruj, a town in northern Syria, as told by al-Harith, a sober and slightly gullible merchant travelling from place to place.[/b] Double and triple puns, unusual meanings of words and elaborate grammatical constructions are used to exhibit the astounding and sophisticated wealth of the Arabic language. The genre of the maqamat became an almost instant success because of the extraordinary quality of its writing. Dozens of manuscripts of Hariri's Maqamat have been preserved from his own time, including a probable autograph, and hundreds have remained from the thirteenth and later centuries. Nearly all of them were copied in the core areas of the Arabic-speaking world—Egypt, Syria, Iraq—where there lived and prospered the class of educated Arabs likely to enjoy reading this forbidding book and interested in acquiring, perhaps even in sponsoring, a luxury edition of a beloved work. Even though the text itself and the reasons for its success are hardly topics for illustrations, thirteen of these manuscripts are known to have been provided with images inspired by narrative episodes from individual stories. Of these, six are from the thirteenth century, five are from the fourteenth, one is probably from the sixteenth or seventeenth century, and one is dated in the early eighteenth, even though one of its miniatures appears to be much earlier. Of all the manuscripts with pictures containing al-Hariri's great work, Paris BN ms. arabe 5847 towers above all others for the quality and variety of its illustrations. It was completed in C.E. 1237 (A.H. 634, in the month of ramadan) and, according to its colophon, was copied and illustrated by the same individual, Yahya ibn Mahmud ibn Yahya ibn Abi al-Hasan ibn Kuwwarih al-Wasiti, presumably originating from the city of al-Wasit. The manuscript survives with 99 miniatures. From the time they were first made known, in large surveys of the late nineteenth century, the miniatures from this manuscript were praised for their realism in depicting life. [/QUOTE]From: http://www.omifacsimiles.com/brochures/maq.html Images: [IMG]http://www.omifacsimiles.com/brochures/images/maq_2_m.jpg[/IMG] http://www.omifacsimiles.com/brochures/maq.html Of course, given that the Syrians were also part of the Islamic presence in Spain, it makes sense that some would see this as "Moorish" art. There are many versions of the Maqamat that have been produced and some versions have up to 99 images in all. Surely this is only a mere sample. Another image from the "hour of birth" [IMG]http://www.oberlin.edu/art/images/art109/136.JPG[/IMG] http://www.oberlin.edu/art/images/art109/art109.html Other examples of Persian art and paintings from the Maqamat: https://www.allposters.it/-st/Persian-School-Posters_c75036_p8_.htm Full text of the Maqam: http://www.sacred-texts.com/isl/mhm/index.htm Princeton Islamic manuscript collection: http://www.celebratingresearch.org/libraries/princeton/islam~print.shtml Other collections: http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/csb/roundtable_islamicmss.htm Here is an example of actual black soldiers in the service of the Sultan of Morocco from Tangiers: [IMG]http://images.nypl.org/index.php?id=831133&t=w[/IMG] From: [URL=http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchdetail.cfm?trg=1&strucID=697554&imageID=831133&total=1&num=0&word=Soldiers%20--%20Morocco%20--%20Tangier&s=3¬word=&d=&c=&f=2&k=0&lWord=&lField=&sScope=&sLevel=&sLabel=&imgs=20&pos=1&e=r]http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchdetail.cfm?trg=1&strucID=697554&imageID=831133&total=1&num=0&word=Soldiers%20--%20Morocco%20--%20Tangier&s=3¬word=&d=&c=&f= 2&k=0&lWord=&lField=&sScope=&sLevel=&sLabel=&imgs=20&pos=1&e=r[/URL] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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