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What are the influences from abroad that helped shape the rise of Egypt?
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Calabooz': [QB] ^E-M2 can not be the result of the slave trade because of the aforementioned reason I gave you. Which is why it is never associated with the slave trade, but with the Bantu expansion. And you claim of it not being found amongst Sudanese is just as retarded: [i][b]Haplotype IV, designating the M2/PN1 subclade, as noted, is found in high frequency in west, central, and sub-equatorial Africa in speakers of Niger-Congo—which may have a special relationship with Nilosaharan—spoken by Nubians[/b]; together they might form a superphylum called Kongo-Saharan or Niger-Saharan (see Gregersen 1972, Blench 1995), but this is not fully supported. The spatial distribution of p49a,f TaqI haplotypes in the geographically-widespread speakers of Nilosaharan languages has not been fully characterized, but the [b]notable presence of haplotype IV in Nubians speaking the Eastern Sudanic branch is interesting in that this subgroup is in the Sahelian branch of speakers, whose ancestors may have participated in the domestication of cattle in the eastern Sahara[/b] (Ehret 2000, Wendorf and Schild 2001). [b]Sometimes haplotype IV (and the M2 lineage) is seen as being associated with the “Bantu expansion” (2000-3000 bp), but this does not mean that it is not much older, since expansion and origin times cannot be conflated.[/b] Haplotype IV has substantial frequencies in upper Egypt and Nubia, greater than VII and VIII, and even V. [b]Bantu languages were never spoken in these regions or Senegal, where M2 is greater than 90 percent in some studies.[/b][/i] — Keita, 2005. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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