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awlaadberry or dana what are your thoughts on Arab slavery?
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by awlaadberry: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by awlaadberry: [IMG]http://www.royalark.net/Oman/oman-said.jpg[/IMG] Sayyid Sa’id bin Sultan bin Al-Imam Ahmad bin Sa’id Al-Busaidi Al-Yemeni Al-‘Omani Al-Azdi, Sultan of Muscat, Oman and Zanzibar Read what it says about him (his father): "Signed the Moresby Treaty with the British in 1822, in which he made the sale of slaves to Christian powers illegal throughout his dominions. Removed his residence to Zanzibar in 1832 (permanently in 1840). Established permanent diplomatic relations with the USA in 1836, and the UK in 1840. Recognised as Sultan of Muscat, Oman and Zanzibar, by virtue of the Hamerton Treaty of 2nd October 1845, in which he outlawed the export of slaves from his African empire." "He also maintained over seventy-five sarari (concubines), including (a) Najm us-Sabah (d. in childbirth, at Muscat, Oman, 1817), an Assyrian lady. m. (b) Khurshid, an Indian lady from Malabar. m. (c) Madina (d.s.p.), a Circassian. m. (d) Sarah (d. at the Bait al-Sahel, Stone Town, Unguja, ca. 1849), a Circassian. m. (e) a sister of Sarah, a Circassian. m. (f) Jilfidan (d. from cholera, at the Bait al-Tani, Zanzibar, 1859), daughter of a Circassian farmer and captured in a raid by Albanians. m. (g) Fatala, an Ethiopian. m. (h) Taj, a Georgian. m. (i) Nur us-Sabah. Circassians, Albanians, Georgians... Is the picture becoming clearer to you Lioness et al? [/qb][/QUOTE]Yes the picture is clear Omani Sultan, Sa’id bin Sultan had many non-Arab concubines and this seems not to help your position, nor does this painting of him have much resemblance to some of the later Sultans of Zanzibar. He was pressured by the British to sign a treaty and also pressured by the Governor of Mauritius to abolish the lucrative Omani slave trade and despite several such treaties slavery was not abolished in Zanzibar until 1907. [URL=http://books.google.com/books?id=JtHdYSV1OSMC&pg=PA41&lpg=PA41&dq=Moresby+Treaty&source=bl&ots=QheYLDtMTn&sig=qhEl-pVLIUYGPJZs7V6QIup436Y&hl=en&ei=INJMTrauGMaRgQeB5pHfBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CDIQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Moresby%20Treaty&f=false]Britain and Slavery in East Africa[/URL] By Moses D. E. Nwulia pp 41-45 p 72-74 The Moresby treaty distinguished between "internal" and "external" aspects of the Omani slave trade. One was permitted the other prohibited. From the point of view of the enslaved Africans the treaty was not worth the paper on which it was written. The Moreby treaty said nothing about the Omani slave trade to Muslim lands contiguous to the Omani empire. Still the The Moreby treaty was coldly recieved in Oman though it was only a mild compromise of their slave trading, a concession to te British. After Sayyid Sa’id bin Sultan's his son Sa’id Majid the first Sultan of Zanzibar rejected the later more restrictive Hamerton treaty saying that Muslim countries could not do without slaves being exported from Africa. 20-30,000 slaves were imported to Zanzibar annually from there smuggled into Arabia, the Red Sea area and elsewhere.His reign was infamous in that he consolidated his power around the East African slave trade. His descendants would later follow this practice. Barghash bin Said claimed to halt the slave trade, but he continued this until the United Kingdom gained protectorate over the colony. This is the legacy of the Omanis in Zanzibar, spice and slave exporters, the legacy on down to later Sultans you have pictured on your website as "true Arabs" Slaves were used for the cultivation and harvesting of cloves, and the Sultan occupied so many plots that by his death in 1856, he had 45 plantations. Plots were also acquired by his children, and many concubines and eunuchs from the royal harem. Slaves, spices and ivory provided the basis of considerable prosperity, and Zanzibar became the most important entrepôt in the Western Indian Ocean. All other East African coastal centres were subject to it and almost all trade passed through it. Trade contacts between the Arab world and east Africa go back 2000 years. There were trade links as far as India and Asia trading in slaves, gold, ivory, wood. who organised caravans into the interior of East Africa. The trade was largely financed by the Indians living in Zanzibar working for Bombay firms. Slaves were used for the cultivation and harvesting of cloves or were shipped to other parts of Africa, Persia and India. The Slaves were shipped to Zanzibar through the port of Bagamoyo. The greatest development of the slave trade was when Sugar and clove plantations Mauritius and reunion were established in the 18th century. A remblance to the current Sultan [IMG]http://www.royalark.net/Oman/oman-said.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_yZ9NmppZ2tA/SYMxOixyxyI/AAAAAAAAALI/kkQlpEAbwrY/s400/SultanOfficialPortrait.jpg[/IMG] Slave Master legacy chart [IMG]http://www.sultanaatoman.nl/1546c010.jpg[/IMG] ^^^^Maternal side not shown, only the names of the most "prominant" family members are given [/QB][/QUOTE]Yes, there is a resemblance and that's why I posted the picture - to show that Qaboos's complexion is not inherited from some "African slave". Instead it is inherited from his Arab ancestors. And I mentioned what I mentioned about his ancestor's concubines to show that it is the light complexioned ones in his family tree who inherited their complexion from slaves - not the dark ones as yoh seem to be suggesting. And I mentioned the fact that his ancestors are descended from the Al-Azd tribe to show that his distant ancestors were darker than all of the people in the pictures above - including Ali bin Hamoud. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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