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Is Native American R Y-Chromosome of African Origin?
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Clyde Winters: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by astenb: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Clyde Winters: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by astenb: [qb] There are tons of problems with this publication. -The most common R type in Native americans is R-M269 also known as R1b1a2 - The most common type in Western Europeans. -Native Americans DO NOT have high levels of R1* -they carry european subclades. [QUOTE] The pristine form of R1*M173 is found only in Africa (Cruciani et al., 2010). In 2010, the name for the African R*1-M173 paragroup R-P25* was changed into haplogroup V88 or R1b1c [/QUOTE]^ You are confusing 3 separate things. THe name was not "Changed". The "pristine "R1* = M173*. R1b1* = P25* which did not "change to V88" but was further resolved to this. - Africa carries all three lineages. [QUOTE] R1*-M173 in Africa range between 7-95% and averages 39.5% [/QUOTE]OLD data. Africa no longer has High frequencies if R-M173* as most of them we further resolved down to V88 and V69. See the example with South Africa no longer having High E-M35* because most of this was further resolved to E-M293. [QUOTE] Haplotypes R1b1,R1b12, R1a and R-M269 is common among Niger- Congo speakers including the Fulani and Bantu, in addition to pygmy populations [/QUOTE]R-M269 - (The most common lineage in Western Europeans) is pretty much non-existant in Africa. [URL=http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/26/7/1581/F1.large.jpg]NOT ONE SAMPLE from Gemna et al., 2009;[/URL] In wood et al the frequency in Niger Congo speakers doesn't go over .04%......Not even a half of a Percent. You should take a pause from publishing articles and get more familiar with the data. [/qb][/QUOTE]You need to refer to my citations instead of expressing your own personal opinion, I mention Wood et al, not Gemna. . [/qb][/QUOTE]Page 2 [QUOTE] In addition to R1b1c, we also find R1b1*. Haplotypes R1b1,R1b12, [b]R1a and R-M269 is common among Niger- Congo speakers[/b] including the Fulani and Bantu, in addition to pygmy populations [b]-->(Gemna et al., 2009;<-- [/b] Wood et al., 2005). Although some researchers have suggested an Eurasian origin for the Fulani, their origin lies in Africa (Winters, 2010). [/QUOTE]Sloppy. Its so sloppy you are not even sure about what you reference. Even in the data by Wood et al R-M269 is .04% In Niger Congo speakers. [/qb][/QUOTE]Jealousy will get you no where. Eurocentric researchers maintain that their is no M269 found among Africans, this shows that they are liars. The fact remains that if it exist among African people it shows a greater diversity of haplogroup R in Africa than in Europe. Your problem is that you are waiting for Europeans to lead you into the 'white'/right direction and you feel safe following the European line. I do review articles because I look at what geneticist have found and make my own interpretation of the research literature. Sometimes they make 'mistakes' and don't follow the Eurocentric line. The fact remains. Given the genocidial relationship between Europeans and Native Americans in North America, haplogroup R had to have been passed on to NA people by Africans. . . [/QB][/QUOTE]
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