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Cranio-facial studies - ancient Egyptians group with North Africans/ West Eurasians
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Anthro Thinker: [QB] What is the source and citation of the piece TruthCentric posted? But if you only want metric traits, no problem :cool: Swetnet seems to be familar with this one...once again they group far away from most 'sub saharans'. It's the same sample set as the non metric study. [i] "For a more detailed description of these populations, see Hanihara et al. (2003) and Hanihara and Ishida (2001a–d)." [/i] [b]Europe[/b] 1. Pounbury (UK) Late Roman 2. France Recent 3. Germany Recent 4. Scandinavia Recent 5. Italyb Recent 6. Greece Ancient and recent 7. Eastern Europeb Recent 8. Russia Recent [b]Middle East[/b] 9. Turkey/Cyprusb Recent Sagalassos (Anatolia)b,c 7–13th century a.d. [b]Northeast Africa[/b] 10. Naqada (Egypt)b 3–2nd millennium b.c. 11. Gizeh (Egypt)b 7–4th century b.c. 12. Kerma (Sudan)b 20–16th century b.c. [b]Sub-Sahara[/b] 13. Somalia Recent 14. Tanzania Recent 15. Gabon Recent [b]India[/b] 16. Northwest India Recent [IMG]http://i653.photobucket.com/albums/uu253/Tyranos/ricaut2008fig3.png[/IMG] [IMG]http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6009/6015900716_8ddc620870_b.jpg[/IMG] [b]SOURCE :[/b] Ricaut, F. X. and Waelkens, M (2008) "Cranial Discrete Traits in a Byzantine Population and Eastern Mediterranean Population Movements," Human Biology: Vol. 80: Iss. 5, Article 5. [b] Link :[/b] http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/vol80/iss5/5/ [b]PDF :[/b] http://humbiol.com/pdf/human-biology-volume80.5.ricaut.pdf How can they be considered Black when they group with all West Eurasians before a large majority of sub saharans? [QUOTE] So, ''Anthro Thinker'', to what extend is the closeness of Naqada to Europe, reproduced when it comes to limb proportions? Or are you of the mindset that this paper frees you of the responsibility to look at all the other osteological evidence? [/QUOTE]The ancient Egyptians were ethnically/racially closest to the populations geographically closest to them...unsurprisingly...West or South. and probably to a lessor extent North (into the Levant). Frank Yurco had a good write up about them 20 years ago. And there was also diversity in Egypt, the North was a bit different than the South The only relationship they had with Europeans..even the most Southern ones like Greeks or Italians...is that they belonged to perhaps the same broad Macro super race as Europeans belong to. They certainly were not Europeans. As far as osteological evidence.... well Cranio-facial analysis is the way to go. But there is of course other methods like Dental affinities. [IMG]http://img386.imageshack.us/img386/8886/hanihara5bi.jpg[/IMG] They seem to be somewhat close to Greeks here, but if other Northern Africans were sampled i'm sure they would be closer. [i]"Mesiodistal and buccolingual crown diameters of all teeth recorded in 72 major human population groups and seven geographic groups were analyzed. The results obtained are fivefold. First, the largest teeth are found among Australians, followed by Melanesians, Micronesians, sub-Saharan Africans, and Native Americans. Philippine Negritos, Jomon/Ainu, and Western Eurasians have small teeth, while East/Southeast Asians and Polynesians are intermediate in overall tooth size. Second, in terms of odontometric shape factors, world extremes are Europeans, aboriginal New World populations, and to a lesser extent, Australians. Third, East/Southeast Asians share similar dental features with sub-Saharan Africans, and fall in the center of the phenetic space occupied by a wide array of samples. [b]Fourth, the patterning of dental variation among major geographic populations is more or less consistent with those obtained from genetic and craniometric data.[/b] Fifth, once differences in population size between sub-Saharan Africa, Europe, South/West Asia, Australia, and Far East, and genetic drift are taken into consideration, the pattern of sub-Saharan African distinctiveness becomes more or less comparable to that based on genetic and craniometric data. As such, worldwide patterning of odontometric variation provides an additional avenue in the ongoing investigation of the origin(s) of anatomically modern humans." [/i] [b]SOURCE :[/b] Hanihara T and Ishida H, (2005) Metric dental variation of major human populations American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Volume 128 Issue 2, Pages 287 - 298. [b]Link : [/b] http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajpa.20080/abstract [/QB][/QUOTE]
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