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Cranio-facial studies - ancient Egyptians group with North Africans/ West Eurasians
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Anthro Thinker: [QB] [QUOTE]Antho don't expect any real answer to your question as to why ancient Nubians and Egyptians group away from sub saharan Africans and with West Eurasians. [/QUOTE]I'm uninterested in proving they were "white" or "black" or whatever else. Those are social terms and subjective. Neither black Americans nor white Americans or most people who descend from West Eurasians or Central/South/West Africans..and their ancestors...had anything to do with ancient EGyptian civilization. Kinda like neither Persians/Iranians or Japanese had anything to do with ancient Han Chinese civilization. HOwever we can see which populations are closests to them. More than likely the Japanese are closer to Han Chinese than the Persians/Iranians are. It's the same here regarding West Eurasians and Central/West/South Africans. There is really nothing here for me to respond to, but the limb stuff and these guys already know the deal on that. I never claimed Egyptians did not have tropical limb proportions, I've known that. They are far inferior to cranio-facial and dental data (which I have posted here) though. [i][b] "...skin color and limb elongation, are adaptations to the intensity of solar radiation--the first directly so and the second indirectly.[/b]Since this is so clearly the case, we should expect those two traits to covary, as indeed they tend to do, throughout the world. Evidently, traits that are distributed in conjunction with the graded intensity of their controlling selective forces [b]will be poor indicators of population relationships[/b].[...] The use of a characterization of a single trait that is under selective force control to generalize about any particular human population can only create confusion. This then will be the inevitable consequence of the use of a description of skin color to say anything about the general nature of human biological variation."[/i] [b]SOURCE : [/b] Brace CL, Tracer DP, Yaroch LA, Robb J, Brandt K, Nelson AR. 1993. Clines and clusters versus ‘‘race:’’ a test in ancient Egypt and the case of a death on the Nile. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 36:1–31 [b]Link :[/b] http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajpa.1330360603/abstract [QUOTE]"The Afro dumbasses know that Hanniharas studies and ricaut are damning pieces of evidence when concerning their occult following of black egypt. They'll just point to Nubians as a model for "blackness" and just ignore who they themselves cluster with.."[/QUOTE]The Nubians in The Ricaut study were from Kerma, but there is an interesting fact about them. [i]"the close clustering of Badari and Naqada with Kerma exemplifies the possible relationship of Nubians to Egyptians. Originally, the Nubian A-Group was thought to be Badarian in origin (Reisner, 1910). However, later work (Adams, 1977; Godde, 2009a) established that the A-Group were actually Nubian. Comparisons of C-Group and Pan-Grave Nubians to Badari and Hierakonpolis separate Badari from the other samples, indicating no biological affinities with these earlier Nubian groups (Godde, 2009b). The reoccurring notation of Kerma affinities with Egyptian groups is not entirely surprising. Kerma was an integral part of the trade between Egypt and Nubia. [b]Collett (1933) concluded that Kerma was originally inhabited by Egyptians with neighboring Nubian settlements. Her investigation of the site pointed towards continuous Egyptian occupation of some sort at the site throughout the Kerma time period. This continued presence at Kerma is an optimal condition for gene flow to occur between the two populations."[/i][/b] [b]SOURCE : [/b] Godde K. (2009) An Examination Of Nubian and Egyptian biological distances. Support for biological diffusion of in situ development? Homo. 2009-60(50):289-404 [b]Link :[/b] http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0018442X09001176 Probably why those Kerma Nubians came so close to those Egyptians while the one's from Brace 93 although somewhat close, were not that extremely close. The same Kerma Nubians came extremely close to the Egyptian Naqada in the Hannihara study as well. The other Medieval Nubians from Hannihara were even closer to Europeans than to the ancient Egyptians ! Very bizarre. And yes of course I know the Nubians should not be taken as a model for Blackness. Check it out. :cool: [i]"Population of Nubia up to the 16th century BC ABSTRACT [b]The article presents anthropological characteristics (morphological features, paleodemography and paleopathology) of the population inhabiting Nubia from the end of the Upper Palaeolithictill the 16th century BC. The material basis for this work consisted of the collections of bones coming from the archaeological researches carried out in Nubia."[/b] [b] "The Nubians were hardly a homogeneous population. Neither the climate nor the specific geographic conditions in the region they inhabited were conducive of such homogeneity. The population of Nubia was shaped by several migration waves coming from Northwest Africa and from Asia through Sinai and Yemen. All those population movements gained on intensity in the Neolithic,[/b] but they did not prevent repeated contacts of the people of Nubia with Southern Africa."[/i] [b]SOURCE : [/b] Pudlo, Aleksandra. (1999) Population of Nubia up to the 16th Century BC. Anthropological Review; 62:57-66 [b]PDF :[/b] http://www.anthro.amu.edu.pl/pdf/paar/vol062/07pudlo.pdf Really these guys spend their whole lives trying to blacken Caucasians, heck even French forensic anthropologists classified King Tut as a Caucasian. [i]"Is this the true face of Tut? This silicone-skinned bust is billed as the most accurate forensic reconstruction ever of ancient Egypt's Pharaoh Tutankhamun. [b]It was based on recent 3-D CT scans of the mummy of the "boy king," who is believed to have been about 19 when he died some 3,300 years ago. [/b] Led by Zahi Hawass, head of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities, a National Geographic Society team commissioned French experts to create the lifelike bust. Using the CT scans, French forensic anthropologist Jean-Noël Vignal determined the basic measurements and features of Tutankhamun's face. [b]Vignal deduced that Tutankhamun had a narrow nose, buck teeth, a receding chin, and Caucasian features. Such features are typical of European, North African, Middle Eastern, and Indian peoples. [/b] Paris-based forensic sculptor Elisabeth Daynès then created the bust shown above. She used Vignal's estimates of skin thickness and other data, plus wooden sculptures of Tut made in his youth. Soft-tissue features, such as the nose and ears, had to be guessed at, though within a scientifically determined range. Daynès based the skin tone on an average shade of Egyptians today and added the eyeliner that the king would have worn in life. Finally, National Geographic gave the CT data to a U.S. forensic team, who were to work "blind" -- not knowing who the subject was. [b]Their findings validated the French team's conclusions. And their plaster cast, a photo of which will be published on the National Geographic magazine Web site later this month, turned out remarkably similar to the silicon bust. [/b] The reconstruction will be featured in the June issue of National Geographic, in the touring exhibit "Tutankhamun and the Golden Age of the Pharaohs," and on the National Geographic Channel's King Tut's Final Secrets, airing Sunday night."[/i] -- Ted Chamberlain [IMG]http://img133.echo.cx/img133/3310/tut15um.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]http://img151.echo.cx/img151/1792/tut24fe.jpg[/IMG] [b]Link :[/b] http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/05/0510_051005_tutsface.html [/qb][/QUOTE] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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