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Cranio-facial studies - ancient Egyptians group with North Africans/ West Eurasians
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Anthro Thinker: [QB] [QUOTE] From the Mesolithic to the early Neolithic period different lines of evidence support an out-of-Africa Mesolithic migration to the Levant by northeastern African groups that had biological affinities with sub-Saharan populations. From a genetic point of view, several recent genetic studies have shown that sub-Sabaran genetic lineages (affiliated with the Y-chromosome PN2 clade; Underhill et al. 2001) have spread through Egypt into the Near East, the Mediterranean area, and, for some lineages, as far north as Turkey (E3b-M35 Y lineage; Cinniogclu et al. 2004; Luis et al. 2004), probably during several dispersal episodes since the Mesolithic (Cinniogelu et al. 2004; King et al. 2008; Lucotte and Mercier 2003; Luis et al. 2004; Quintana-Murci et al. 1999; Semino et al. 2004; Underhill et al. 2001). This finding is in agreement with morphological data that suggest that populations with sub-Saharan morphological elements were present in northeastern Africa, from the Paleolithic to at least the early Holocene, and diffused northward to the Levant and Anatolia beginning in the Mesolithic. [/QUOTE]So ancient Egyptians carried a Y chromosomal lineage that arose in East Arica ~25k years ago, whose downstreamd clade arose in Libya/Southern Egypt (and it's presence further south in East Africa is the result of a back migration) which is a lineage that is present in modern Austrians at about ~10%? Ahh ok, well nothing to refute then. As for the 'morphological data', I believe Brace 2005 said this. [i] "The Somalis and the Egyptian Bronze Age sample from Naqada may also have a hint of a Sub-Saharan African component."[/i] 'A hint'? Well take it or leave it Afrocentrics. :D Let's see what else the Ricaut analysis has to say. [i]Results MMD^sub st^ values calculated from 17 nonmetric traits between Sagalassos and the 27 Eurasian populations are provided in Table 3. The matrix of MMD^sub st^ values between each pair of populations is not shown because of its unwieldy size (data available on request from the authors). An examination of the biodistances (Table 3) shows that the Sagalassos population is more similar to West Eurasian and ancient northeast African populations than to Central and East Eurasian populations. [b]The closest populations to Sagalassos are from Greece, Cyprus and Turkey, Germany, and Scandinavia, followed by the other European and ancient northeast African (ancient Egyptian and Sudanese) populations and then by the Central and East Eurasians and the sub-Saharan Tanzanian population. Intriguingly, the closeness of the Sagalassos population to Germans and Scandinavians was unexpected, but more surprising and less obviously explainable were the MMD^sub st^ values from Gabon and Somalia, which show some similarity with the Sagalassos population, yet the MMD^sub st^ scores are nearly significant (Gabon, 1.93; and Somalia, 1.68; see Table 3). The MDS representation of the global data set of 28 populations (Figure 2) shows roughly three main population clusters: (1) Central, Northeast, and East Eurasian populations, which are found in the top left; (2)[b] West Eurasian and ancient Egyptian and Sudanese populations in the lower part; and (3) recent sub-Saharan populations in the top right. The Sagalassos population clusters with the second group and is most closely related to Greek, Cypriot/Turkish, and Scandinavian populations.[/b] The dendrogram produced by Ward's clustering procedure for the global data set is shown in Figure 3 and provides a relatively similar representation of the MMD^sub st^ distance matrix than that provide by the MDS analysis. The populations clearly fall into two groups. The first main group can be broken down into two subgroups: (1) all the recent sub-Saharan populations and (2) mainly Central, East, and Northeast Eurasians. West Eurasians form the second main group, which is also subdivided into two subgroups. [b]One of these subgroups includes all the eastern Mediterranean populations (three ancient Egyptian/Sudanese populations from Naqada, Gizeh, and Kerma as well as the Cypriot/Turkish, Greek, and Sagalassian populations) and the Scandinavian sample; the second subgroup includes the other West Eurasian populations.[/i][/b] [QUOTE]I suspect its the former, since his erroneous assertions are all over the place. [/QUOTE]How am I "all over the place"? I made one error about whether the study we are talking about now was a metric or non-metric analysis. And you'll see it's an easy error since the study itself says "cranio-metric traits in a Byzantine population" next to the page numbers in pdf format. Other than that small and honest slip up, i'm on cruise control mate. :cool: btw, if anyone has a link to "Keita 1995" which is referenced here i'd be interested in reading it. I hope it's not as shady as his 2005 'study'. :rolleyes: [/QB][/QUOTE]
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