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Cranio-facial studies - ancient Egyptians group with North Africans/ West Eurasians
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by zarahan- aka Enrique Cardova: [QB] ANthro Thinker: [b]where he took a few skulls from the Howells data base which were originally based on 57 variables...and then he reduced those variables down to 10-15 and claimed the Badari clustered with Bushmen and Zulus before of Northern Europeans.[/b] ^^Keita's data on the Badari has been backed up by other scholars. He showed that they do not cluster with Europeans as suggested by Brace. Dental studies back Keita up, finding that the Badari as an ancestral population were quite representative of what the ancient Egyptians were like, and that the closest match with said badari are tropical Africans near the Sudan border. LImb proportion studies (Zakrzewski, 2002) also back Keita up. In fact, not only do such recent studies back up Keita, but OLDER ones as well. You simply have no idea what you are talking about, and your debunked assertions become more and more dubious as you post. QUOTE: [i]"The question of the genetic origins of ancient Egyptians, particularly those during the Dynastic period, is relevant to the current study. Modern interpretations of Egyptian state formation propose an indigenous origin of the Dynastic civilization (Hassan, 1988). Early Egyptologists considered Upper and Lower Egyptians to be genetically distinct populations, and viewed the Dynastic period as characterized by a conquest of Upper Egypt by the Lower Egyptians. More recent interpretations contend that Egyptians from the south actually expanded into the northern regions during the Dynastic state unification (Hassan, 1988; Savage, 2001), and that the Predynastic populations of Upper and Lower Egypt are morphologically distinct from one another, but not sufficiently distinct to consider either non-indigenous (Zakrzewski, 2007). The Predynastic populations studied here, from Naqada and Badari, are both Upper Egyptian samples, while the Dynastic Egyptian sample (Tarkhan) is from Lower Egypt. The Dynastic Nubian sample is from Upper Nubia (Kerma). Previous analyses of cranial variation found the Badari and Early Predynastic Egyptians to be more similar to other African groups than to Mediterranean or European populations (Keita, 1990; Zakrzewski, 2002). In addition, the Badarians have been described as near the centroid of cranial and dental variation among Predynastic and Dynastic populations studied (Irish, 2006; Zakrzewski, 2007). This suggests that, at least through the Early Dynastic period, the inhabitants of the Nile valley were a continuous population of local origin, and no major migration or replacement events occurred during this time. Studies of cranial morphology also support the use of a Nubian (Kerma) population for a comparison of the Dynastic period, as this group is likely to be more closely genetically related to the early Nile valley inhabitants than would be the Late Dynastic Egyptians, who likely experienced significant mixing with other Mediterranean populations (Zakrzewski, 2002). A craniometric study found the Naqada and Kerma populations to be morphologically similar (Keita, 1990). Given these and other prior studies suggesting continuity (Berry et al., 1967; Berry and Berry, 1972), and the lack of archaeological evidence of major migration or population replacement during the Neolithic transition in the Nile valley, we may cautiously interpret the dental health changes over time as primarily due to ecological, subsistence, and demographic changes experienced throughout the Nile valley region."[/i] -- AP Starling, JT Stock. (2007). Dental Indicators of Health and Stress in Early Egyptian and Nubian Agriculturalists: A Difficult Transition and Gradual Recovery. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 134:520–528 [IMG]http://img138.imageshack.us/img138/1694/elbadari.jpg[/IMG] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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