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What is a true "Arab" ?
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Djehuti: [QB] ^^ Of relevance. [IMG]http://picturestack.com/270/981/8RaPicture5ACm.png[/IMG] [IMG]http://picturestack.com/270/981/JAWPicture6IVW.png[/IMG] From [URL=http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=8;t=008274]Ethiopian Genetic Diversity Reveals Linguistic Stratification and Complex Influences[/URL] [QUOTE][qb]Originally posted by the lioness,: [/qb] [b]TreeMix: Who were the West Eurasian ancestors of Ethiopians?[/b] By Razib Khan | December 2, 2012 5:46 pm One of the primary concerns/questions I had about Luca Pagani’s paper on the genetic origin of Ethiopians is that he found that their West Eurasian ancestor was closer to Levantine than Arabian. I was confused by this because on model-based clustering (e.g., Admixture) when you push down to a fine level of granularity you always see that the Ethiopians cluster with the Yemenis for their non-African ancestry. More precisely, Yemeni Jews are often ~100% component X, which ~50% of the ancestry of Ethiopians. From what I recall Pagani et al. used haplotype windows which they assigned to Eurasian or African ancestral components, and they compared these to the populations related to the putative ancestral groups. Because Pagani et al. used blocks of the genome, rather than just on specific genotypes, I weight their finding more strongly. But I wanted to double check with TreeMix if the finding in Admixture was peculiar. So again, I took a ~150,000 SNP set ran it on TreeMix with migration = 5. [IMG]http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/files/2012/12/Screenshot-from-2012-12-02-153432.png[/IMG] Again, you see that the gene flow to the Ethiopians is coming from a position on the tree rather close to Yemenite Jews. One model which may explain this, and still align with Pagani’s findings, is that Arabians themselves are a synthetic population. A “pure” Yemenite Jew may have ancient admixture of African affinity beneath an intrusive element from the north. The parallelism between Ethiopia and Arabia in this model is clear, with the major difference being magnitude of the source population admixture (greater in Arabia), as well as some differences of the target population. This again reiterates us to be careful of trust first-blush summaries. _____________________________________________________________ [IMG]http://picturestack.com/922/872/jE3Picture7d7y.png[/IMG] [IMG]http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_eOThecFRKFQ/SaBAgjQghRI/AAAAAAAACgw/dtWUfjkwWaU/s400/Yemeni+Jews.jpg[/IMG][/QUOTE] [QUOTE]Djehuti wrote: [qb] ^^ One of those rare occasions you break free of your Eurocentrism to make sense, lioness. :o Fact 1. Gene-flow between Ethiopia/Eritrea and Yemen is prehistoric and goes back to OOA times. Thus, even "pure" Yemenites themselves may carry and often do carry African ancestry. Fact 2. The specific gene or allele-- SLC24A5--is stated by Pagani et al. themselves as not even being native to Yemen but deriving from further north in the Levant. Thus, no surprise the most pristine Yemenis who have little to no admixture are outright black in appearance. Fact 3. The presence of SLC24A5 in Ethiopia is dated only to at most 1,000 BCE. This is relatively late for ancient Ethiopian history. No doubt many Euronuts will use this as proof that the original Ethio-Semitic speakers were light-skinned folks from the north, however the Geez language and script originated around [i]2[/i],000 BCE prior to the entry of this gene and even the South Semites of Yemen were dark/black as described by Classical writers and noted from my previous paragraph above. All the evidence thus far demonstrates that there was a wave or migration from the north i.e. the Levant down through Arabia into Yemen that reached into Africa however such a migration took place well after the advent of South Semitic in Yemen let alone Ethio-Semitic in Ethiopia.[/qb][/QUOTE]The point is Arabia was NOT 'all black' at least by 1,000 BCE. As lioness pointed out, there was already synthesis of different populations--some indigenous others not. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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