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The surreal insanity... Henry Louis Gates JR. - How Many Slaves Landed in the US?
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness,: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Fourty2Tribes: They might even be actual slave ships but they were capable of two month trips. [/QUOTE] [QUOTE] https://sites.google.com/site/dnscbaspnet/tst-passage UNESCO The Middle Passage from Africa to America The voyage from Africa to the Caribbean could take everything from a month to more than 150 days. The passage was called the Middle Passage because it was a part of a triangular trade which began and ended in Europe. [/QUOTE]We know a lot of people died on those ships also and some thrown overboard Why do you make a claim that a ship like this was incapable of making a 150 day voyage and present no evidence that a ship like this could not make a 150 day voyage? -and that is the high end of the range that begins with only one month I mean what the hell do you know about ocean ships? Have you read anything on it? [QUOTE] https://sites.google.com/site/dnscbaspnet/tst-passage#TOC- UNESCO The Middle Passage from Africa to America Death-among-the-crew-members On many of the slave ships the white crew members were not threated much better than the slaves. During the 18th century the death rate among the white crew was actually higher than the death rate among the slaves. The reason for this was that, even though the slave traders had learned how to reduce mortality among the slaves by avoiding overcrowding and improving sanitation, they did not have a cure for or the knowledge to avid spread of malaria and yellow fever among the sailors. Because many of the sailors had been forced into service on the slave ships they were in no position to complain about poor sanitation, bad food and ill-treatment, and the voyage on the slave ships often became their last. Estimate death rate It is difficult to estimate the exact number of slaves who lost their lives on the journey from Africa to America. This is because few records were kept of those who died during the voyage and sometimes the captain could order that slaves should be thrown overboard, and these slaves would never be missed. The estimated death rate was about 32 per cent, however this rate did vary greatly, and some historians dear to say that nearly as many slaves died on the course of the Middle Passage as made it to the Caribbean's. Occasionally the entire cargo of slaves died of diseases or as a result of shortage of food and water, but this rarely happened. Varying mortality rate Generally there were two factors which affected the mortality rate; the length of the voyage and the food the slaves were given. Slaves from Senegambia and Angola were usually healthiest as they came by short routes on which the winds were fairly predictable. The voyage from Guniea Coast, however, was much longer and the winds were much more unpredictable. The slave ships always ran the risk of passing through the calms with very little wind, which could possibly delay the journey by many days, and which again would give shortage of food and water. Also the slaves` diet had an effect on their mortality rate. In the 18th century it was commonly believed that the slaves who were fed on maize had a very low mortality rate and that slaves fed on rice were fairly health. However, slaves fed on yams, had a higher mortality rate than those fed on maize and rice. List of sources The abolition project - British involvement in the Transatlantic slave trade - http://abolition.e2bn.org/slavery_45.html The wreck of the Henrietta Marie - The middle passage - http://www.melfisher.org/exhibitions/henriettamarie/middlepassage.htm Recovered histories - The middle passage - http://www.recoveredhistories.org/storiesmiddle.php Africans in America - The middle passage - http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part1/1p277.html Barnard electonic archive - The middle Pasage - http://beatl.barnard.columbia.edu/students/his3487/lembrich/seminar5.html [/QUOTE] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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