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[QUOTE]Originally posted by DD'eDeN: [QB] Drying North Africa caused shepherds to move to Egypt https://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com/2016/07/archaeologists-search-for-first.html#F0HYXpviZcVrQD13.97 Historically, there was a large lake in the area of Gebel Ramlah - today only its outline is visible in the desert area. Around it, during the last season of the research archaeologists discovered the remains of many settlements from different periods of the Neolithic. They assume that people once lived there in light huts (no remains of residential structures have been preserved). So how do the archaeologists know that they have discovered settlements? image: https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ekjrji8J8rY/V5TDk8bRYnI/AAAAAAABt4c/ZBg0IDiOYmwiCbDtDuCA_JpgwM6Wiwd5QCLcB/s640/shepherds02.jpg Archaeologists search for the first shepherds of Africa Gebel Ramlah - study of a Neolithic settlement [Credit: R. Kenig] "We encounter traces in the form of pits that were used to store food or dispose of garbage. We also find millstones, grinders, broken pottery and flint tools, remains of hunted gazelles, remains of goats, sheep and cattle they kept - all this clearly indicates that in these places people had lived, worked, ate meals", explained Prof. Kabaciński. Last season brought an unexpected discovery. In the settlement, archaeologists discovered workshops, in which on rocks containing large amounts of hematite were processed into ochre. Ochre is a red dye, commonly used in funeral ceremonies. Earlier, Polish researchers discovered numerous graves sprinkled with the dye. "This are the first known hematite processing workshops discovered in the area of the Western Desert", emphasised Prof. Kabaciński. In his view, in addition to the symbolic meaning, ochre was important in everyday life, because this mineral has preserving properties and facilitates processing leather. "It could also be used to dye clothing", he added. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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