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[QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness,: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Clyde Winters: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by DD'eDeN: [qb] Tony Capra of Vanderbilt University in Nashville hypothesized last week at the annual meeting of The American Society of Human Genetics that genes we have considered to variant of Neanderthals and inherited to modern humans outside of Africa are not particularly Neanderthal genes, but rather, represent ancestral humans. [DD: African genes, or perhaps pan-tropical-rainforest-belt-genes] In other words, we can thank Neanderthals for giving back thousands of ancient African gene variants that were lost to Eurasians as their ancestors swept out of Africa in small bands, perhaps 60,000 to 80,000 years ago. He and his team came about this finding by identifying African variants as they scoured the genomes of more than 20,000 people in the 1000 Genomes Project and Vanderbilt's BioVU data bank of electronic health records. Curiously they found vast stretches of chromosomes inherited from Neanderthals also carried ancient alleles, or mutations, found in all the Africans such as the Yoruba, Esan, and Mende peoples. In fact, there's about 47,261 of these SNPs across the genomes of Europeans and 56,497 SNPs in Asians. In Eurasians people, these alleles are only found next to Neanderthal genes, suggesting all this DNA was acquired at the same time, when the ancestors of today's Eurasians mated with Neanderthals roughly 50,000 years ago. h/t Kambiz Kamrani @ Anthropology.net [/qb][/QUOTE]These researchers have misinterpreted the data. If Neanderthals acquired the genes 50kya they were carried there by Africans, not Eurasians as assumed by the authors of this study. [/QUOTE]Modern day Africans have very little to no Neanderthal DNA but recent research suggests admixture of Afruwith other hominids in Africans http://www.buffalo.edu/news/releases/2017/07/028.html _____________________________ Dispersals out of Africa Anatomically modern humans originated in Africa by about 200,000 years ago. The accepted theory is that there were two dispersals from African populations,[12][35] an early one via northern Africa which left traces in some human populations,[36] and a second one which populated the entire world. The first dispersal took place between 130,000–115,000 years ago via northern Africa, but died out or retreated.[3][4][5][6] Chinese researchers question this extinction, claiming that modern humans were present in China already 80,000 years ago.[7] A second dispersal took place via the so-called Southern Route, either before[37] or after[12][13] the Toba event, which happened between 69,000 and 77,000 years ago.[37] This dispersal followed the southern coastline of Asia, crossing about 250 kilometres (155 mi) of sea, and colonized Australia by around 65,000-50,000 years ago. According to this theory, Europe was populated either by a migration out of India, which was repopulated from southeast Asia after the Toba-event (pre-Toba hypothesis), or by an early offshoot which settled the Near East and Europe (post-Toba hypothesis).[12][13] Nonetheless, in July 2017, evidence suggests that Homo sapiens may have migrated from Africa as early as 270,000 years ago, much earlier than the 70,000 years ago thought previously . ___________________________________________ Therefore human admixture with Neanderthals could have taken place in the middle east. Modern day Africans have very little to no Neanderthal DNA ____________________________ Proportion of admixture The proportion was estimated to be 1.5–2.1% in Prüfer et al. (2013),[3] but it was later revised to a higher 1.8–2.6% and it was noted that East Asians carry more Neandertal DNA (2.3-2.6%) than Western Eurasians (1.8-2.4%) in Prüfer et al. (2017).[4] Lohse and Frantz (2014) infer an even higher rate of 3.4–7.3%.[5] _______________________________ The proportions are not very high [/QB][/QUOTE]
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