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Darfur: The Arabs and their "Authentic" Genealogy
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Firewall: [QB] The Meidob Nubian civilization. I Found something interesting that i have read before but kind of forgot about it until now,BUT THE Meidob nubian civilization i just learned about now. Meaning i knew they had one but i did know enough of the details until just now. I looked it up. Clearly they were not has advanced it seems has the nile valley nubian civilization but they had a civilization of course. It's a part of nubian civilization,nile,hill nubian and Birked. I have TO look up what was the level of the Birked nubians. There seems to be less info on them compared to the others. They must have had a civilization too but what level? and did they had cities like nile and Meidob nubians? Hill nubians had at least one city or maybe two and the rest towns AND villages but that city the sudanese arabs took over recently or this year or last year could have been a town in the past until recently but i am not sure. If it was town they would still have a civilization since you are need town and certain other things to be called a civilization. They need to get it back anyway. _____________________________ quote- During this time the kingdom of Nubia was a power and its kings treated as equals with those of Egypt and other countries of the Near East. Its chief legacy to modern times is in the Nubian language, spoken in various dialects from Silsileh in Egypt to Debba in the Sudan, and which, in spite of being surrounded for centuries by Arabic speech, has maintained its hold on the people and is still vigorous and cherished, although no longer written. Its culture was predominantly that of a nation of riverain peasant cultivators, as are the modern Nubians, but it maintained contact with and influenced peoples in the desert to east and west. Pieces of the characteristic pottery of the kingdom of Dongola have been found in the Khor Nubt in the Red Sea Hills, and an inscription in Old Nubian has been found in the Abu Negila hills of northern Kordofan. Where these people of Nubian speech came from may never be known with certainty, but the close resemblances between some of the languages of the Nuba hills, of Jebel Meidob, in the far west, and river Nubian suggests that they came from the west and south west. The inscription of the Axumite king Aezanes in the year A.D. 350 speaks of 'Noba' at Merod. This may well refer to Nubians, and if so, it is their first appearance in history. In the year A.D. 297 the Roman Emperor Diocletian called in a people known as the Nobate from the oases of the western Egyptian desert, to defend the southern frontier of his Empire at Aswan from the raids of the Blemmyes, who arc probably the Beja of the Red Sea Hills. These Noba and Nobatae settled along the river, and soon the original population had intermarried with them and adopted their language. The Blemmyes were defeated, as is known from the Greek inscription of Silko at Kalabsha which may be dated about A.D. 530. Here Silko, who calls himself 'Basiliskos' or kinglet of the Nobatae, describes fighting the Blemmyes from Ibrim to Shellal and extracting an oath of submission from them. ________ The Meidob Nubian civilization. Meidob Hills. As shown in Figure 18, the Meidob Hills are located in Jebel Meidob in the north- eastern corner of the Darfur providence. These hills are a concentration of volcanic hills and deep ravines. The depression in the west side of the hills is known as the Malha crater, which contains valuable deposits of rock salt and muddy salt. This crater also has fresh water springs and a small lake. The salt gathered from the lake by the Meidob inhabitants is sold to the neighboring Arabs on the trade markets (McGregor 2001:116). Archaeological sites containing cities, stone borrrows, and rock paintings are found all over the hills. The hills were populated by groups of people who spoke a Nubian related language, and were semi-nomadic. This region?s ruins, the language, a tradition of matrilineal succession, and a claim by the Meidobis to be Mahas Nubians in origin are all usually offered up as proof of rising influence in Darfur by Christian Nubians (McGregor 2001:116). Nubians likely migrated to Jebel Meidob from Kordofan, not the Nile Valley. Traditional customs found to be Nubian from the Nile Valley were likely brought in over time through trade and further migrations. During the rainy season, the deserts of the north attract the herds from the Zaghawa and the Meidob from Darfur (O?Fahey 1980:2). Artifacts found within these cities place the occupancy up until the presence of iron tools around the 15 and 16 centuries (McGregor 2001:120). Within the lava field of the Malha crater in the Meidob Hills is a large unwalled settlement known as the Malha City. This city consists of stone-ridged huts, with the stone remains consisting of fortification on the perimeter (McGregor 2001:118). The cities of Malha and Abu Garan are estimated to have supported population sizes of 6,000 people during a time of significantly higher rainfall. In the Meidob Hills, people thrived on a salt trade in the city of Malha (O?Fahey 1980:3). The origins of the Meidobis are estimated to be somewhere around the later Meriotic culture of the Nile Valley, and transitioned in the Tora culture of early Darfur (McGregor 2001:120). groups: Nobiin is located near the Nile River, the Meidob is located in the Meidob hills of north-eastern Darfur, the Birged (Birked) is located in Central Darfur, the Kenzi- Dongola is located near the Nile River, and the Hill Nubian is located near the northern and northwestern Nuba mountains near Kordofan (McGregor 2001:120). The inhabitants of the Meidob Hills are divided into four sections: the Uri located in the northern hills, the Torti whom are located in the west hills, the Shelkota whom are located in the southern hills, and the Wirdato whom are allied with the Shelkota in the southern hills. The Shelkota line of kings has gone through three dynasties, and the last dynasty passed through its generations until the late 19 century (McGregor 2001:116). The settlement pattern of the Meidob Hills located in Jebel Marra is quite different than the rectangular architecture complexes built by the Tila Island inhabitants. Variation in the traditional building styles of the Meidob Hills and Tila Island are present by basic structural shape and size transition, as well as overall settlement size reduction. As shown in Figure 19a and 19b, housing complexes of the Meidob Hills were mainly created out of stone, and in a circular shape that became the dominant shape of huts and mosques affiliated with the Fur architecture style from the 17 century to the present. The barrows of the Meidob Hills served as shelter, religious centers, and tomb complexes. Though the Meidob inhabitants worshipped Islam, they also kept the practice of worshipping holy stones in their religious complexes. Ceremonies of worship were primarily for making rain for the lakes in the city of Malha. __________ Read this too. and Nubia Bulletin nubiaproject.org http://cache.nebula.phx3.secureserver.net/obj/MTI1NjU0QzEwRDdCQzU3NzI0MEI6ZjNjYjk2ZTc4YWY1Zjk1YzA1YjAwYTcwYmQ3YTllOGY6Ojo6OjA= Source for the Meidob [URL=http://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/1793/36635/3/Gutierrez,%20Shaheen%20-%20Settlement%20Migratory%20Patterns%20Fur%20Tribe%20Darfur,%20Sudan.pdf.]The Archaeology of Settlement and Migratory Patterns of the Fur Tribe in Darfur, Sudan [/URL] other info http://www.sarpn.org/documents/d0001277/PNADC475_Darfur_Febr2005_Chap2.pdf [/QB][/QUOTE]
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