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L3 basic lineages migrated back to Africa, new human origin model, Cabrera 2018
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Ish Gebor: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness,: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Oshun: [qb] So... many of those "true negro" West Africans were Asiatics? [/qb][/QUOTE]wikipedia, L3 [QUOTE] L3 is common in Northeast Africa, in contrast to others parts of Africa where the haplogroups L1 and L2 represent two thirds of mtDNAs. L3 sublineages are also frequent in the Arabian peninsula. According to Maca-Meyer et al. (2001), "L3 is more related to Eurasian haplogroups than to the most divergent African clusters L1 and L2". L3 is the haplogroup from which all modern humans outside Africa derive. [/QUOTE][/qb][/QUOTE]It’s quite amazing when you think about, isn’t it? [QUOTE][b]The Bambara & Madinka 40% L3 Lineage [/b] Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Mauritania and Mali and their Genetic Relationship to Other Western Africa Populations Table 2) was detected in Mali. Although it shares the HVI 222 transition with other North African sequences belonging to haplogroup H (Rando et al. 1998), the RFLP analysis placed it in the basal HV cluster.[b] Surprisingly for a western Africa country, around 42% of the sub-Saharan African sequences were L3 lineages.[/b] The predominant haplogroups belonged to L3b (17%), L3e (13%) and L3d (8%), but with different distribution within ethnolinguistc groups. Whereas the Bambara have higher frequencies of L3b (21%) and L3e (10%), L3d (10%) is similar in both samples[/QUOTE]~González AM Mitochondrial DNA variation in Mauritania and Mali and their genetic relationship to other Western Africa populations. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16907709 [QUOTE]Within the human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) tree, haplogroup L3 encompasses not only many sub-Saharan Africans but also all ancient non-African lineages, and its age therefore provides an upper bound for the dispersal out of Africa. An analysis of 369 complete African L3 sequences places this maximum at ∼70 ka, virtually ruling out a successful exit before 74 ka, the date of the Toba volcanic supereruption in Sumatra. […] The L3 mtDNA pool within Africa suggests a migration from Eastern Africa to Central Africa ∼60 to 35 ka and major migrations in the immediate postglacial again linked to climate. The largest population size increase seen in the L3 data is 3–4 ka in Central Africa, corresponding to Bantu expansions, leading diverse L3 lineages to spread into Eastern and Southern Africa in the last 3–2 ka.[/QUOTE]~Pedro Soares et al. The Expansion of mtDNA Haplogroup L3 within and out of Africa Molecular Biology and Evolution, Volume 29, Issue 3, 1 March 2012, Pages 915–927 [/QB][/QUOTE]
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