Professor C.A. Diop was one of the first to posit that:
(Blacks)...formed a kind of cluster around the Nile Valley. In the course of time they spread out in all directions, as a result of the population growth and the upheavals that occur during the history of a people. This is neither a mere mental conception nor a simple working hypothesis. Our knowledge of African ethnography enables us to distinguish between a hypothesis and a confirmed historical fact. To be sure, a cultural foundation common to all African Blacks, particularly a common linguistic base, seems to justify the idea in the main. But, above all, there are the totemic clan names borne by all Africans, either collectively or individually, according to the extent of their dispersion; the analysis of these names combined with a proper linguistic examination enables us to progress from the realm of probability to the level of certainty..."
(The African Origin of Civilization.)

To continue Diop's analysis, here are some examples of African societies with Ancient Egyptian titular names which suggest Ancient Egyptian migrations (i.e., like the reflux of the tide):

Benin[Benen] - West African kingdom
Benen (217a) = the phallic god of generation
Oba of Benin - King's title
Oba = Scepter; leader
Fante - West African ethnic group
Fanti (206b) = a name of Thoth
Ashanti/Ashante - West African ethnic group akin to Fante
Shanti (as above) - Shante in Coptic Egyptian
Ife - West African kingdom
Ife (43a) = the god of the 6th day
Oni of Ife - King's title
Oni (122b) = a title of Horus
Hausa - Nigerian/Nigerien kingdom & ethnic group
Hosa (509a) = a singing god (Hos = to sing in Coptic Egyptian)
Akan - Ghana ethnic group
Akan.u (95a) = class of gods with Osiris
Twa - East African (Rwanda/Burundi) ethnic group
Twa - (1055b) = a Sudanese country
In Ancient Egyptian and in the East African languages, the expressions WaTwa (One Twa) and BaTwa (All of the Twa) are identical.

Benin[Benen] - West African kingdom
[Egyptian] Benen (217a) = the phallic god of generation

Oba of Benin - King's title
[Egyptian] Oba = Scepter; leader

Fante - West African ethnic group
[Egyptian] Fanti (206b) = a name of Thoth

Ashanti/Ashante - West African ethnic group akin to Fante
[Egyptian] Shanti (as above) - Shante in Coptic Egyptian

Ife - West African kingdom
[Egyptian] Ife (43a) = the god of the 6th day

Oni of Ife - King's title
[Egyptian] Oni (122b) = a title of Horus

Hausa - Nigerian/Nigerien kingdom & ethnic group
[Egyptian] Hosa (509a) = a singing god (Hos = to sing in Coptic Egyptian)

Akan - Ghana ethnic group
[Egyptian] Akan.u (95a) = class of gods with Osiris

Twa - East African (Rwanda/Burundi) ethnic group
[Egyptian] Twa - (1055b) = a Sudanese country

Before it started to become a desert there was a culture there that dispersed in all directions. Religious, linguistic and other cultural relationships could probably go back this far.

We know the cattle cult and mummification began in the sahara not Egypt even the practice of representing Gods with animal heads is from saharan culture, not egypt.

Antonio Salas,1,2,3 Martin Richards,2 Tomás De la Fe,1 María-Victoria Lareu,1 Beatriz Sobrino,1 Paula Sánchez-Diz,1 Vincent Macaulay,3 and Ángel Carracedo1

1Unidad de Genética Forense, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; 2Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, United Kingdom; and 3Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford

Received July 9, 2002; accepted for publication August 15, 2002; electronically published October 22, 2002.

Africa presents the most complex genetic picture of any continent, with a time depth for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages >100,000 years. The most recent widespread demographic shift within the continent was most probably the Bantu dispersals, which archaeological and linguistic evidence suggest originated in West Africa 3,0004,000 years ago, spreading both east and south. Here, we have carried out a thorough phylogeographic analysis of mtDNA variation in a total of 2,847 samples from throughout the continent, including 307 new sequences from southeast African Bantu speakers. The results suggest that the southeast Bantu speakers have a composite origin on the maternal line of descent, with 44% of lineages deriving from West Africa, 21% from either West or Central Africa, 30% from East Africa, and 5% from southern African Khoisan-speaking groups. The ages of the major founder types of both West and East African origin are consistent with the likely timing of Bantu dispersals, with those from the west somewhat predating those from the east. Despite this composite picture, the southeastern African Bantu groups are indistinguishable from each other with respect to their mtDNA, suggesting that they either had a common origin at the point of entry into southeastern Africa or have undergone very extensive gene flow since.

What period is Diop refering to, What expansions? what migrations, and what cultural connections?

Diop was instrimental in that he changed the way the world looked at African civilisations and indead Egypt, but he was limited by what was available to him at the time. Much has changed and much was based on thin limited data.

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Originally posted by Obenga:
Wally have u considered that a cultural relationship began during the Aquatic phase of the Sahara.

Before it started to become a desert there was a culture there that dispersed in all directions. Religious, linguistic and other cultural relationships could probably go back this far.

We know the cattle cult and mummification began in the sahara not Egypt even the practice of representing Gods with animal heads is from saharan culture, not egypt.

So the cultural relationships among many groups of africans from the west to north to east likely began in the sahara and continued through to the time of Dynastic egypt and beyond

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Yes. This is what the Ancient Egyptian records show and is consistent with Diop's research and that of other scientists:
A.) The Nile Valley and the Sahara were peopled during a series of mass migrations from the interior of Africa, from the regions of the Great Lakes. This is found in Egyptian documents and it is where scientists have determined to be the locus (including the Horn of Africa) of the human race. Egyptian records call these lands to the south 'Ta Khent' or "land of the beginning." They also referred to these southern peoples (and yes, south-westerners in the Sahara) as 'Khentu hon nefer' or "founders of the perfect order" (i.e., civilization). The Egyptians recognized, as you point out, that their civilization was the offspring of these anterior cultures. This recognition was a constant throughout Egyptian history.
The Ancient Egyptians, long before the great work of Dr. Leakey, had already known from whence they, as well as the rest of the human race originated. This is fascinating indeed.

Prior to this there is hardly any human remains or material culture. Most likley,when the Sahara dried many of the ancestors of modern sub-Saharan pushed out replacing pgmy type people and Khoisan type people.

I believe the first Egyptians were a mixture between Central and Southern Saharan pastorial people that mixed with indigenous people living in what is known Upper Egypt. All you have to do is study the pre-dyanstic cultures of Upper Egypt to see with the formation of Nabta Playa around 6,700 B.C. to the Badarian culture presents straight evolutional path.

In Lower Egypt there are traces of the Natufian people with some elements from Costal type Northern Africans. The oldest culture in the Delta is called Merimade whose dates are contemporary with Badarian culture in Middle Egypt around modern day Asyut.

By the way,has anybody here read F. Hassan's Pre-dyanstic Egypt? How about you Obenga?

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Originally posted by Wally:
The Peopling of Africa from the Nile valley

Professor C.A. Diop was one of the first to posit that:
(Blacks)...formed a kind of cluster around the Nile Valley. In the course of time they spread out in all directions, as a result of the population growth and the upheavals that occur during the history of a people. This is neither a mere mental conception nor a simple working hypothesis. Our knowledge of African ethnography enables us to distinguish between a hypothesis and a confirmed historical fact. To be sure, a cultural foundation common to all African Blacks, particularly a common linguistic base, seems to justify the idea in the main. But, above all, there are the totemic clan names borne by all Africans, either collectively or individually, according to the extent of their dispersion; the analysis of these names combined with a proper linguistic examination enables us to progress from the realm of probability to the level of certainty..."
(The African Origin of Civilization.)

To continue Diop's analysis, here are some examples of African societies with Ancient Egyptian titular names which suggest Ancient Egyptian migrations (i.e., like the reflux of the tide):

Benin[Benen] - West African kingdom
Benen (217a) = the phallic god of generation
Oba of Benin - King's title
Oba = Scepter; leader
Fante - West African ethnic group
Fanti (206b) = a name of Thoth
Ashanti/Ashante - West African ethnic group akin to Fante
Shanti (as above) - Shante in Coptic Egyptian
Ife - West African kingdom
Ife (43a) = the god of the 6th day
Oni of Ife - King's title
Oni (122b) = a title of Horus
Hausa - Nigerian/Nigerien kingdom & ethnic group
Hosa (509a) = a singing god (Hos = to sing in Coptic Egyptian)
Akan - Ghana ethnic group
Akan.u (95a) = class of gods with Osiris
Twa - East African (Rwanda/Burundi) ethnic group
Twa - (1055b) = a Sudanese country
In Ancient Egyptian and in the East African languages, the expressions WaTwa (One Twa) and BaTwa (All of the Twa) are identical.

Armed with Budge's Hieroglyphic dictionary and a list of African ethnic groups you too can find some more matching examples.

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Originally posted by Keino:
Does anyone have a link or something to a complete (or Abstract summary) of Diop's work and research. I would like to read it and analyze it....I think this information is very interesting and amazing...Does anybody know it any of this type of African history is taught in the African school system?

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Originally posted by ausar:
You can purchase Diop's book on half.com slight used for less than the price of a two movie tickets to some cheezy movie.

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