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[QUOTE]Originally posted by XicanConnection: [QB] We don't hate African descendants nor do we believe in African inferiority or superiority. But, we do not believe that the Olmecs were Africans. “In 1976, Ivan Van Sertima proposed that New World civilizations were strongly influenced by diffusion from Africa. The first and most important contact, he argued, was between Nubians and Olmecs in 700 B.C., and it was followed by other contacts from Mali in A.D. 1300. This theory has spread widely in the African-American community, both lay and scholarly, but it has never been evaluated at length by Mesoamericanists. This article shows the proposal to be devoid of any foundation. First, no genuine African artifact has ever been found in a controlled archaeological excavation in the New World. The presence of African-origin plants such as the bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) or of African genes in New World cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) shows that there was contact between Old World and the New, but this contact occurred too long ago to have involved any human agency and is irrelevant to Egyptian-Olmec contact. The colossal Olmec heads, which resemble a stereotypical “Negroid,” were carved hundreds of years before the arrival of the presumed models. Additionally, Nubians, who come from a desert environment and have long, high noses, do not resemble their supposed “portraits.” Claims for the diffusion of pyramid building and mummification are also fallacious.”---Gabriel Haslip-Viera, Bernard Ortiz de Montellano, and Warren Barbour Olmecs were indigenous. They weren't Africans, Asians, nor Caucasians! "Robbing Native American Cultures: Van Sertima's Afrocentricity and the Olmecs" by Gabriel Haslip-Viera, Benard Ortiz de Montellano, and Warren Barbour. David L. Browman (from the Department of Anthropology, Washington University) on the Olmecs Michael D. Coe (from the Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University) on the Olmecs Ann Cyphers (from the Instituto de Investigaciones Antropologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico) on the Olmecs Gerald Early (African and Afro-American Studies, Washington University) on the Olmecs Peter T. Furst (from the University of Pennsylvania of Archaeology and Anthropology) on the Olmecs Rebecca B. Gonzalez Lauck (from Centro INAH Tabasco) Jaime Litvak (from the Instituto de Investigaciones Antropologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico) on the Olmecs More from Bernard Ortiz de Montellano, Gabriel Haslip, and Warren Barbour THIS REFUTES THAT THE OLMECS WERE AFRICANS! Ivan Van Sertima, an Afrocentric, didn't participate in the public forum of Anthropologists because he didn't want his arguments countered. Exposing all the other Afrocentrics, such as Clyde Williams, who follow the footsteps of Van Sertima. We see that the strategy of black and white people is to fool us Mexicans to believe the Olmecs were black by making assertions based upon uncertainties that are subject to interpretation. Black people are trying to say that the Mayans and Olmecs were originally black by the fact that African people are in the regions were the Olmec and Mayan artifacts are to be found. This is simply deception! We all know that the Africans in the Olmec and Mayan regions are descendants of black slaves that were brought by the Spaniards. Now you have black people claiming that the Africans there are not descendants of slaves but are descendats of the Olmecs and Mayans. They are not descendants of the original Olmecas and Mayans but of descendants of African slaves brought by the Spaniards! Black people are trying to decieve us by placing African pictures next to an Olmec head implying that they look the same therefore black people are Olmecs. We can use this same trick and place any picture of any other race with a flat nose and enlarged lips and imply that they were Olmecs. This is deception and trickery! If we place an Indigenous picture next to the Olmec head we without a doubt can prove that we look the same as the Olmecs and therefore indigenous people are Olmec. `Naturally African people don't look indigenous! You have black males shaving their African hair or wearing hats so they don't show their distinction from other people. You have black women straightening their hair trying to look indigenous. Even white women are trying to look indigenous! Look at the commercials of white women selling products to get tans trying to look brown like us! White women are dying their hair black to look like us as well! Its funny that black and white people don't want to give us credit for our civilization that we built independant of them yet they want to be us and look like us! They even like eating our food and sleeping with Malinches yet they call us "Wetbacks!" [URL=http://www.geocities.com/conscious_mexicas]www.geocities.com/conscious_mexicas[/URL] EXTRA INFO 1."Van Sertima's expedition allegedly sailed or drifted westward to the Gulf of Mexico where it came in contact with inferior Olmecs. These individuals created Olmec civilization." - De Montellano, Barbour and Haslip-Viera YEAH RIGHT. 2. None of the early Egyptians and Nubians looked like Negroes. "They have long, narrow noses..." "Short, flat noses are confined to the West African ancestors of African-Americans." Again, "there is no evidence that ancient Nubians ever braided their hair.This style comes from colonial and modern Ethiopia." 3.Modern Egyptians look exactly as they did thousands of years ago. The composition of the Egyptian has not changed over the last 5000 years. Invasions by the Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, Arabs and Romans left them looking the same today as in the dawn of history(A.C. Berry, R. J. Berry and Ucko ). 4.OLMEC HEADS: (a) They are "spitting images of the natives;" (b) they appear dark because some of them were carved out of dark volcanic stone; (c) some were made of white basalt which turned dark over time; (d) ancient Egyptians and Nubians were remote in physiognomy from sub-Saharan Negroes and none of them could have been models for any of the "Negro-looking" heads, {Side note we cannot unequivocally date the heads.}...... Gabriel Haslip-Viera, Bernard Ortiz de Montellano, and Warren Barbour, "Robbing Native American Cultures: Van Sertima's Afrocentricity and the Olemcs," Current Anthropology Volume 38 #3, June 1997. Bernard Ortiz de Montellano, Gabriel Haslip-Viera, and Warren Barbour, "They were NOT Here before Columbus: Afrocentric Hyperdiffusionism in the 1990s," Ethnohistory 44:2 (Spring 1997). This essay responds to a theory that has been aggressively promoted as fact by an influential group of Afrocentrists in recent years -- that New World civilizations were created or were influenced by African visitors at key points in the centuries that preceded the European discovery of the Americas. As discussed in this essay, the theory is shown to have no support in the evidence that has been analyzed by specialists in various fields. The essay focuses on the methodological approaches employed by the Afrocentrists in their study of linguistics, terracotta figurines, technological development, and monumental sculpture. A concluding section briefly discusses the repercussions of this theory on ethnic relations in schools, on college campuses, and in North American society as a whole. From the conclusion: "It is quite clear from the foregoing that claims of an African presence in pre-Columbian America are purely speculative, rigidly diffusionist, and have no foundation in the artifactual, physical, and historical evidence. Nevertheless, the Afrocentric position is routinely articulated in a very forceful manner with few if any caveats. Van Sertima makes reference to the "ample," "overwhelming," "remarkable" and "indisputable" evidence, or he uses phrases such as "there is no doubt" or "there is no question whatever" to support claims (1976:23; 1992a: 24;1992b: 34,43; 1991c [1983]:61)."... [/QB][/QUOTE]
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