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KUSH: Ancient Sudan including Egypt's Nubian and sandstone regions
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by alTakruri: [QB] Aswani_Aswan posted the full text on the now defunct SaharaSahel BBS. Presented here, snippets relative to and relevent on the preceding three posts. Sorry I didn't meld a coherent synthesis article after analysing all of these sources as I normally would but you know sometimes......... :o [QUOTE] [b] Neolithic settlement (around 4600 cal. BC)[/b] Around Kerma, several sites date from the Neolithic period, but only one of these has been excavated. It occupied the same location as the eastern cemetery of the Kerma civilisation. It was buried under several dozen centimetres of Nile silt, and could be uncovered in an area which had been revealed by wind erosion. This site is part of a group of several stratified Neolithic settlements. They had all been subject to erosion by the Nile, before being covered by flood silt, showing that this location was reoccupied on several occasions, and that it was not protected from Nile floods. [b]These settlements may have been seasonal, and have been linked to populations practising animal husbandry who occupied the alluvial plain during the dry season seeking pastureland.[/b] The site yielded hearths and postholes, as well as pottery, stone objects (flints, grinders and grindstones) and faunal remains. The species represented consisted mainly of [b]cattle and domestic caprines[/b]. An isolated human bone was also found, indicating that graves were dug nearby. The settlement structures can be reconstructed from the posthole alignments. They consisted of oval huts, rectangular buildings, wind-breaks located to the north of the hearths, and a series of palisades, some of which seem to have formed enclosures. For the fifth millennium, excavated settlements are rare in Nubia and in the rest of Sudan. The best-documented examples are again located in central Sudan. They contained artefacts and hearths, but no structure outlined by postholes has been found, although we know that they existed in Egypt at this time. That [b]this society practised animal husbandry[/b] has, already, been noted on several occasions, and [b]the paucity of known settlements has sometimes been interpreted as reflecting the mobility of human groups[/b]. [/QUOTE] [QUOTE] [b]Pre-Kerma settlement (around 3000 cal. BC)[/b] . . . . [b]Compared to the Neolithic,[/b] where animal husbandry played a major role, the [b]Pre-Kerma and A-Group periods may have seen a progressive transformation, characterised by the increasing development of agriculture,[/b] even though animal husbandry still played an important role. [/QUOTE][b]M. Honegger[/b], (???(Ch. Bonnet, D.A.Welsby, D. Wildung Sudan Archaeological Mission of the University of Geneva, Switzerland, Sudan Archaeological Research Society, and the Museums of Berlin)???) [i]Prehistoric settlements in Nubia from the 8th millennium to the 3rd millennia cal. BC[/i] Tenth International Conference of the International Society for Nubian Studies September 9-14, 2002 - Rome, Italy [/QB][/QUOTE]
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