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OT: African Israelites?
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Doug M: [QB] The fact is that Haplogroup J originated between Africa and the Arabian peninsula. This paper makes it clear that they don't have enough ancient DNA to properly reconstruct the history of this lineage. Not to mention Semitic Languages as a branchof Afroasiatic languages originated between Africa and Arabia. The idea that somehow J1-M267 proves the origin of Semitic languages or the entire J family outside of Africa and the Arabian peninsula is ridiculous..... And of course we don't have a lot of ancient DNA from actual Isrealites either especially early Isrealites prior to the exile period in Babylon. [QUOTE] Y chromosome haplogroup J-M304 represents the major male lineage in West Asia today8,9,10,11,12. The 12f2a13 deletion and single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) biallelic markers M3049 and P20914 define and characterize this haplogroup. It splits off from haplogroup IJ-M429 at ~ 45 thousand years ago (kya), while the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of haplogroup J-M304 lineages is ~ 33 kya15,16. Studies associate haplogroup J-M304 with the spread of farming from the Near East to Europe11,17,18. Around the time of the Neolithic demographic transition3, the genome-wide ancestry of West Asian populations was geographically structured into three groups19,20,21,22. Among them, haplogroup J-M304 is found in the Caucasus/Iranian and Anatolian hunter-gatherers and farmers, but not in the Levantine ones. Unfortunately, so far aDNA studies are missing from the Arabian Peninsula and Mesopotamia, where haplogroup J-M304 is frequent nowadays. This haplogroup splits into J1-M267 and J2-M1729,11. While haplogroup J2-M172 is associated more with agriculture in the northern latitudes of West Asia, haplogroup J1-M267 has been connected with the spread of the pastoral economies in the West Asian arid zones23,24. The distribution pattern of haplogroup J1-M267 is remarkable. It has two high-frequency regions—one in the Northeast Caucasus10,25,26 and another in the Arabian Peninsula, southern Mesopotamia, and the southern Levant8,10,12,23,27. The region between them has a lower frequency, but high genetic diversity8,9,10,26,28 (Fig. 1). A unique SNP marker—known as P5814 or Page823—defines the major branch, which according to different classifications, is named as J1c314, J1e23, J1b15, or J1a2a1a2 (https://isogg.org/tree/index.html v15.46). This branch is prevalent in the Arabian Peninsula, southern Iraq, and the Levant (Fig. 1). [/QUOTE]And note the image that goes with the article showing Southern Arabia and Africa as key locations of these haplogroups. But of course that all came from Caucasus migrations even though Haplogroup J itself originated in the same regions..... Not suggesting that migrations from the caucasus didn't take place, but this idea that somehow Haplogroup J originated between Africa and the Arabian Peninsula but then somehow thousands of years later J descendants from the Caucasus simply migrated back to Africa and Arabia and replaced the original J carriers doesn't make sense. https://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-021-85883-2/MediaObjects/41598_2021_85883_Fig1_HTML.png?as=webp Not to mention we have the Lachish reliefs showing the population of Judah prior to the exile in Assyria (Babylon): [IMG]https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Assyrian_soldier%2C_using_a_dagger%2C_about_to_behead_a_prisoner_from_the_city_of_Lachish._Detail_of_a_wall_relief_dating_back_to_the_reign_of_Sennacherib%2C_700-692_BCE._From_Nineveh%2C_Iraq%2C_currently_housed_in_the_British_Museum.jpg/640px-thumbnail.jpg[/IMG] [URL=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Assyrian_soldier%2C_using_a_dagger%2C_about_to_behead_a_prisoner_from_the_city_of_Lachish._Detail_of_a_wall_relief_dating_back_to_the_reign_of_Sennacherib%2C_700-692_BCE._From_Nineveh%2C_Iraq%2C_currently_housed_in_the_British_Museum.jpg/640px-thumbnail.jpg]https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Assyrian_soldier%2C_using_a_dagger%2C_about_to_behead_a_prisoner_from_the_city_of_Lachish._Detail_of_a_wall_relief_dating_ back_to_the_reign_of_Sennacherib%2C_700-692_BCE._From_Nineveh%2C_Iraq%2C_currently_housed_in_the_British_Museum.jpg/640px-thumbnail.jpg[/URL] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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