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OT: Oh, those Mediterraneans (northern ones that is)
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Doug M: [QB] LOL! No Mr Patriot. Classical GREEK civilization was invented by the Greeks. Had nothing to do with "The West": America, Canada, Britain, Germany, Spain or France. It was a Greek civilization purely located in Greece and Turkey, which expanded EAST into Persia, Babylon and Northern India at its highest point. And the REASON they went East is because THAT is where civilization was MOST ancient and certainly that is also the reason they did NOT go WEST. You keep talking about Greek and "Western" but you seem to forget that for most of the last 400 years Greece was ruled my MUSLIMS from Turkey and gave modern Greece most of its character which is UNLIKE ancient Greece. NON GREEKS like you are claiming Greece and building Greek architecture MORE THAN THE GREEKS. And before that Greece was dominated by the Romans and kept subject to them. It is funny but your historical knowledge is so lacking that you don't even know that Greek Revivalism in Europe only came about since the 1830s. And with that came the wave of GREEK revival and Greek Mania, not ironically this is also the same time that Egyptomania became prevalent. Before that European art, architecture and culture had VERY LITTLE to do with Greece. It was more Romanesque, Moorish, Persian, Levantine, Turkish and Byzantine than GREEK. And this is why America is so full of Greek looking buildings and Egyptian symbolism. But that is only a FAKE connection between a culture and people that had ABSOLUTELY NOTHING to do with either ancient Greece or Egypt. It is just a way to make the NEW country of America seem ancient, when it isn't. 240 years isn't ancient by any means. [QUOTE] The Greek Revival was an architectural movement of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, predominantly in northern Europe and the United States. A product of Hellenism, it may be looked upon as the last phase in the development of Neoclassical architecture. The term was first used by Charles Robert Cockerell in a lecture he gave as Professor of Architecture to the Royal Academy in 1842.[1] The term is indicative of how highly self-conscious practitioners of the style were, and that they realized they had created a new mode of architecture. With a newfound access to Greece, archaeologist-architects of the period studied the Doric and Ionic movement, examples of which can be found in Russia, Poland, Lithuania, and Finland (where the assembly of Greek buildings in Helsinki city centre is particularly notable). Yet in each country it touched, the style was looked on as the expression of local nationalism and civic virtue, especially in Germany and the United States where the idiom was regarded as being free from ecclesiastical and aristocratic associations. The taste for all things Greek in furniture and interior design was at its peak by the beginning of the nineteenth century, when the designs of Thomas Hope had influenced a number of decorative styles known variously as Neoclassical, Empire, Russian Empire, and Regency. Greek Revival architecture took a different course in a number of countries, lasting up till the Civil War in America (1860s) and even later in Scotland. The style was also exported to Greece under the first two (German and Danish) kings of the newly independent nation. ... [b] Rediscovery of Greece Despite the unbounded prestige of ancient Greece amongst the educated elite of Europe, there was little to no direct knowledge of that civilization before the middle of the 18th century. The monuments of Greek antiquity were known chiefly from Pausanias and other literary sources. Visiting Ottoman Greece was difficult and dangerous business prior to the period of stagnation beginning with the Great Turkish War. Few Grand Tourists called on Athens during the first half of the 18th century, and none made any significant study of the architectural ruins.[2] It would take until the expedition funded by the Society of Dilettanti of 1751 by James Stuart and Nicholas Revett before serious archaeological enquiry began in earnest. Stuart and Revett's findings, published in 1762 (first volume) as The Antiquities of Athens, along with Julien-David Le Roy's Ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce (1758) were the first accurate surveys of ancient Greek architecture.[3][/b] [/QUOTE]From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture In fact Hellenism only came about in the 19th century, over 2000 years after the fall of Greece and primarily among the elite of NON GREEK people. [QUOTE] Hellenism, as a neoclassical movement distinct from other Roman or Greco-Roman forms of neoclassicism emerging after the European Renaissance, is most often associated with Germany and England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. In Germany, the preeminent figure in the movement was Johann Joachim Winckelmann, the art historian and aesthetic theoretician who first articulated what would come to be the orthodoxies of the Greek ideal in sculpture (though he only examined Roman copies of Greek statues, and was murdered before setting foot in Greece). For Winckelmann, the essence of Greek art was noble simplicity and sedate grandeur, often encapsulated in sculptures representing moments of intense emotion or tribulation. Other major figures include Hegel, Schlegel, Schelling and Schiller. In England, the so-called "second generation" Romantic poets, especially John Keats, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and Lord Byron are considered exemplars of Hellenism. Drawing from Winckelmann (either directly or derivatively), these poets frequently turned to Greece as a model of ideal beauty, transcendent philosophy, democratic politics, and homosociality or homosexuality (for Shelley especially). Women poets, such as Mary Robinson, Felicia Hemans, Letitia Elizabeth Landon and Elizabeth Barrett Browning were also deeply involved in retelling the myths of classical Greece.[1] In art and architecture, the Greek influence saw a zenith in the early nineteenth century, following from a Greek Revival that began with archaeological discoveries in the eighteenth century, and that changed the look of buildings, gardens and cemeteries (among other things) in England and continental Europe. This movement also inflected the worlds of fashion, interior design, furniture-making--even hairstyles. In painting and sculpture, no single event was more inspiring for the movement of Hellenism than the removal of the Parthenon Marbles from Greece to England by Lord Elgin. The English government purchased the Marbles from Elgin in 1816 and placed them in the British Museum, where they were seen by generations of English artists. Elgin's activities caused a controversy that continues to this day.[2] [/QUOTE]From: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellenism_(neoclassicism) [/QB][/QUOTE]
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