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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Supercar: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by rasol: However the depigmented Berber tend to be predominently Eurasian and even Western European on the maternal side. [/QUOTE]True, that the level of "depigmentation" found in coastal west Afrasan ("Berber") speakers can be attributed to gene flow from the Iberian peninsula and southwest Asia (Levant); but even these "depigmented" coastal west Afrasan speakers are predominantly African from a patrilineage standpoint: Per Bosch et co., we have the following... H50 found in one Moroccan "Arab", and H104 found in one southern Moroccan "west-Afrasan/"Berber"" speaker, three Moroccan "Arab" speakers, and one north-central Moroccan "west-Afrasan" speaker. Bosch et al. go onto conclude that: [i]So far, our analyses have allowed a clear dissection of almost all NW African and Iberian paternal lineages into several components with distinct historical origins. In this way, the historical origins of the NW African Y-chromosome pool may be summarized as follows: [b]**75% NW African Upper Paleolithic[/b] (H35, H36, and H38), 13% Neolithic (H58 and H71), [b]4% historic European gene flow (group IX, H50, H52)[/b], and 8% recent sub-Saharan African (H22 and H28). In contrast, the origins of the Iberian Y-chromosome pool may be summarized as follows: 5% recent NW African, 78% Upper Paleolithic and later local derivatives (group IX), and 10% Neolithic (H58, H71). No haplotype assumed to have originated in sub-Saharan Africa was found in our Iberian sample. It should be noted that H58 and H71 are not the only haplotypes present in the Middle East and that the Neolithic wave of advance could have brought other lineages to Iberia and NW Africa. However, the homogeneity of STR haplotypes within the most ancient biallelic haplotypes in each region indicates a single origin during the past, with possible minor reintroductions, with the Neolithic expansion, from the Middle East. Thus, Neolithic contributions may be slightly underestimated. [/i] ^^Whereby [b]Hg E [/b] is denoted by the following: H35=E3b-M78, H38=E3b-M81, and H36=E3b-M35; H22=E3a-M2, and H28=E1-M33 [b]Hg J[/b] denoted by the following: H58=J2*-M172 [b]Hg F[/b] denoted by the following: H71=F*-M89 [b]Hg I[/b] denoted by the following: H50=I1b2-M26, and H52=I*-M170. [b]Hg R[/b] denoted by the following: H104=R*-M173 Thus note that the "4%" "historic", [i]NOT pre-historic[/i], European contribution quite likely from the Iberian peninsula, is a combination of I lineage (.6%), which was found in only one Moroccan "Arab" speaking individual [i]AND[/i] R lineages (2.8%) found in five Moroccan individauls; three of them "Arab" speakers, and two of them "west-Afrasan" speakers. On the other hand, the sampled "Berber"/West Afrasan speakers were predominantly of the E3b patrilineal background, with tropical African origins. Hence, generally speaking, it is safe to say that... [i]"Northern modern Berber-speakers are frequently [b]notably "European," in phenotype but even they have tropical African "marker" gene frequencies than those found in southern Europeans.[/b] "Blacks" have long lived in northern Africa (see review in Keita 1990)."[/i] - Keita. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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