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OT: R*-M173 back migration
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Quetzalcoatl: [QB] Mystery Solver said [QUOTE]which brings me the question of where else undifferentiated M173 chromosomes have been located aside from N. Cameroon [most frequent], followed by Egypt, Jordan, and Oman [much less frequent by comparison]. [/QUOTE]Ivan Nasidze,I., et al. 2006 “Concomitant Replacement of Language and mtDNA in South Caspian Populations of Iran,” [i]Current Biology[/i] 16:668–673 [b]Three haplogroups were found at high frequencies in the Mazandarani and Gilaki groups (R1*(M173),[/b] G*(M201), and J2*(M172)); to further investigate the relationships of these groups based on these three Y-SNP haplogroups, we typed nine Y-STR loci in individuals with these Y-SNP haplogroups and compared the results with the same set of Y-STR loci on the same Y-SNP background that were typed previously in the groups from the South Caucasus and Iran [7]. J. R. Luis, J.R., et al. 2004 “The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: Evidence for Bidirectional Corridors of Human Migrations,” [i]Am. J. Hum. Genet.[/i] 74:532–544 Paleoanthropological evidence indicates that both the Levantine corridor and the Horn of Africa served, repeatedly, as migratory corridors between Africa and Eurasia. We have begun investigating the roles of these passageways in bidirectional migrations of anatomically modern humans, by analyzing 45 informative biallelic markers as well as 10 microsatellite loci on the nonrecombining region of the Y chromosome (NRY) in 121 and 147 extant males from Oman and northern Egypt, respectively. The present study uncovers three important points concerning these demic movements: (1) The E3b1-M78 and E3b3-M123 lineages, as well as the[b] R1*-M173 lineages, mark gene flow between Egypt and the Levant during the Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic.[/b] (2) In contrast, the Horn of Africa appears to be of minor importance in the human migratory movements between Africa and Eurasia represented by these chromosomes, an observation based on the frequency distributions of E3b*-M35 (no known downstream mutations) and M173. (3) The areal diffusion patterns of G-M201, J-12f2, the derivative M173 haplogroups, and M2 suggest more recent genetic associations between the Middle East and Africa, involving the Levantine corridor and/or Arab slave routes. Affinities to African groups were also evaluated by determining the NRY haplogroup composition in 434 samples from seven sub-Saharan African populations. Oman and Egypt’s NRY frequency distributions appear to be much more similar to those of the Middle East than to any sub-Saharan African population, suggesting a much larger Eurasian genetic component. Finally, the overall phylogeographic profile reveals several clinal patterns and genetic partitions that may indicate source, direction, and relative timing of different waves of dispersals and expansions involving these nine populations. Derenko, M, et al. 2006 “Contrasting patterns of Y-chromosome variation in South Siberian populations from Baikal and Altai-Sayan regions,” [i]Hum Genet [/i]118: 591–604 R1*M173 Tekeuts 12.8% Khalkasian 19.6% Tofalars 12.5% [/QB][/QUOTE]
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