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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Clyde Winters: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness: [qb] incredible. so called "eboniccs" are actually ancient Egyptian derived. Maybe other connections can be found. what for example is the ancient etymology of "bee-otch" and "steez"? [/qb][/QUOTE]The research indicates that many Afro- Americans speak Ebonics.[b] Ebonic speakers use an African morphology and syntax analogous to that found among Niger-Congo speaking people in West Africa, and an English vocabulary.[/b] As a result these Afro-Americans have a different orthography, phonetic system and deep grammatical structure from Standard American English (SAE). This causes manifold Ebonic speakers to have difficulty grasping the correct SAE phonemes represented by its symbols and reading in general. This failure to match Ebonics and SAE interfers with the development of reading fluency among some speakers of SAE. The psychological literature makes it clear that our ability to use language will determine our success in school. It is therefore language that allows us to determine strategies for problem solving, word meanings, factual knowledge and procedures for doing things. There is an innate mechanism for learning language. Language in humans is an instinct that results from interaction between a child and his environment, culture and ethnic origin. This process provides the child with the necessary phonemic elements to create words to name objects. During the slave trade African slaves were brought to America from West Africa. In this area people speak the Niger-Congo languages. During much of the slavery period African slaves were usually isolated from white Americans. But it is believed that the English spoken in the south and west counties of Britain may have been the model of English acquired by the slaves in Virginia. Years of social separation of African Americans and whites, first during slavery, and later due to segregation led to a continuity of Niger-Congo linguistic features among many African Americans. Traditionally Ebonics is seen as a form of SAE with a transformed phonology or surface structure pursuant to the transformational theory of linguistics developed by Chomsky. This view of Ebonics is false. Ebonic speakers use an African 1) morphology and syntax, and 2) a vocabulary that is English. Ebonics has evidence of Niger-Congo influence in grammatical features, vocabulary survivals, consonant clustering avoidance and absent phonics. In Ebonics the word dig, is used to mean understand. This corresponds to the Wolof word "dega" 'to understand'. For example, lets compare sentences: SAE: Do you understand English? Ebonics: D'ya dig black talk? Wolof: Dega nga olof? In African languages, to acknowledge that everything is all right you would say "waw" along with the emphatic particle "kay", this would be pronounced "Wow Kay". This corresponds to the American use of the phrase "OK", to signify "all right, certainly". In the Niger-Congo languages and Ebonics, the final consonant clusters are never pronounced, e.g.,[list] [*]SAE … Ebonics left …lef desk …des fast …fas We also find that Ebonics and Niger-Congo speakers will not produce certain sounds found in SAE, e.g., SAE … Ebonics think … tink then … den drift …drif build …bil [/list] This clearly indicates that Ebonics and SAE are mutually intelligible, but like German and Norwegian (which belong to the same family of languages as English) they are mutually distinct. . [/QB][/QUOTE]
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