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Natufians were cold-adapted
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Troll Patrol # Ish Gebor: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by BlessedbyHorus: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Sundjata: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Truthcentric: [qb] It's commonly claimed on this forum that the Natufians of Mesolithic Southwest Asia were a black people of African descent. I don't doubt that they may have had African ancestry, but [URL=http://www.jstor.org/pss/683538]this paper by Trenton Holliday[/URL] reports that, while the first modern humans to migrate to Southwest Asia from Africa were tropically adapted, their Natufian descendants became cold-adapted. From the paper: [QUOTE]Natufians also exhibit a somewhat cold-adapted physique, albeit not as extreme as the Neandertals.[/QUOTE]This challenges the belief that the Natufians were black, for if these people were really tropically adapted like blacks, why don't their limb proportions show it? [/qb][/QUOTE]It doesn't challenge anything, Brace even noted that the African and Eurasian influence was nearly equal (even though his charts, distance-wise showed an obviously closer affiliation with SSAs). Nor do I recall the Natufians being "Black" as an established belief that needs to be challenged. They obviously came predominantly from Africa though, based on [b]numerous[/b] grounds, including archaeology, botany (fig migration), craniology and geography and language reconstruction. [/qb][/QUOTE]Basically this... [/qb][/QUOTE]The Natufian Culture in the Levant, Threshold to the Origins of Agriculture http://www.columbia.edu/itc/anthropology/v1007/baryo.pdf [QUOTE]The surprise is that the Neolithic peoples of Europe and their Bronze Age successors are not closely related to the modern inhabitants, although the prehistoric/modern ties are somewhat more apparent in southern Europe. It is a further surprise that the Epipalaeolithic Natufian of Israel from whom the Neolithic realm was assumed to arise has a clear link to Sub-Saharan Africa...[/QUOTE]--C Brace (2005) [QUOTE] "From the Mesolithic to the early Neolithic period different lines of evidence support an out-of-Africa Mesolithic migration to the Levant by northeastern African groups that had biological affinities with sub-Saharan populations. From a genetic point of view, several recent genetic studies have shown that sub-Sabaran genetic lineages (affiliated with the Y-chromosome PN2 clade; Underhill et al. 2001) have spread through Egypt into the Near East, the Mediterranean area, and, for some lineages, as far north as Turkey (E3b-M35 Y lineage; Cinniogclu et al. 2004; Luis et al. 2004), probably during several dispersal episodes since the Mesolithic (Cinniogelu et al. 2004; King et al. 2008; Lucotte and Mercier 2003; Luis et al. 2004; Quintana-Murci et al. 1999; Semino et al. 2004; Underhill et al. 2001). This finding is in agreement with morphological data that suggest that populations with sub-Saharan morphological elements were present in northeastern Africa, from the Paleolithic to at least the early Holocene, and diffused northward to the Levant and Anatolia beginning in the Mesolithic. Indeed, the rare and incomplete Paleolithic to early Neolithic skeletal specimens found in Egypt - such as the 33,000-year-old Nazlet Khater specimen (Pinhasi and Semai 2000), the Wadi Kubbaniya skeleton from the late Paleolithic site in the upper Nile valley (Wendorf et al. 1986), the Qarunian (Faiyum) early Neolithic crania (Henneberg et al. 1989; Midant-Reynes 2000), and the Nabta specimen from the Neolithic Nabta Playa site in the western desert of Egypt (Henneberg et al. 1980) - show, with regard to the great African biological diversity, similarities with some of the sub-Saharan middle Paleolithic and modern sub-Saharan specimens. This affinity pattern between ancient Egyptians and sub-Saharans has also been noticed by several other investigators (Angel 1972; Berry and Berry 1967, 1972; Keita 1995) and has been recently reinforced by the study of Brace et al. (2005), which clearly shows that the cranial morphology of prehistoric and recent northeast African populations is linked to sub-Saharan populations (Niger-Congo populations). These results support the hypothesis that some of the Paleolithic-early Holocene populations from northeast Africa were probably descendents of sub-Saharan ancestral populations...... This northward migration of northeastern African populations carrying sub-Saharan biological elements is concordant with the morphological homogeneity of the Natufian populations (Bocquentin 2003), which present morphological affinity with sub-Saharan populations (Angel 1972; Brace et al. 2005). In addition, the Neolithic revolution was assumed to arise in the late Pleistocene Natufians and subsequently spread into Anatolia and Europe (Bar-Yosef 2002), and the first Anatolian farmers, Neolithic to Bronze Age Mediterraneans and to some degree other Neolithic-Bronze Age Europeans, show morphological affinities with the Natufians (and indirectly with sub-Saharan populations; Angel 1972; Brace et al. 2005), in concordance with a process of demie diffusion accompanying the extension of the Neolithic revolution (Cavalli-Sforza et al. 1994)." . [/QUOTE][URL=http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Francois_Ricaut/publication/24252915_Cranial_discrete_traits_in_a_Byzantine_population_and_eastern_Mediterranean_population_movements/links/0deec525ed6af8637e000000.pdf]http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Francois_Ricaut/publication/24252915_Cranial_discrete_traits_in_a_Byzantine_population_and_eastern_Mediterranean_population_movements/links/0dee c525ed6af8637e000000.pdf[/URL] --f. x. ricaut1 and m. waelkens1,2 Cranial Discrete Traits in a Byzantine Population and Eastern Mediterranean Population Movements [/QB][/QUOTE]
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