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[QUOTE]Originally posted by zarahan- aka Enrique Cardova: [QB] [b]Ancient Egyptians pioneered numerous technologies and were not "static" and "unchanging", but show a number of innovations.[/b] For example, in addition to the wheel for pottery from very early on, there were pulleys to hand the carcasses of animals to be processed and lathes (Ian Shaw 2003, Ancient Egyptian Materials and technology). Wheeled vehicles from Egypt appear in the record as early as the 13th Dynasty, not as fancy Hyskos chariots but as wheeled sleds. QUOTE: [i]"Interestingly, earliest representation of wheeled vehicle from Egypt (tomb of Sebeknekht at El Kab, Dynasty XIII) shows sledge, mounted on four disk wheels rather than rollers."[/i] -- Wheeled vehicles and ridden animals in the ancient Near East (1997), By M. A. Littauer, J. H. Crouwel ----------------------------------- Egyptians pioneered in the use of stone, a more difficult material to work with, compared to the mud-brick of Mesopotamia. The massive works of polished granite and limestone show a skill and craftsmanship beyond anything from contemporary Mesopotamia. And that is not even getting into the mathematical, engineering and astronomical knowledge that came with the package. Ramps in raising huge monuments and buildings were a sophisticated adaptation with at least 5 different types of ramps in use to supplement log rollers, ropes and sledges. As one historian notes: [i]"The Egyptians advanced beyond the Mesopotamians in another area: vaulting. They used the tunnel or barrel vault as their Near Eastern counterparts did, but they added a new style called the corbel vault that creates arches using stones that jut out to support other stones. What this indicates is that Egyptians builders were not determined in their architectural structures by other civilisations or influences. another example of this is the innovative cantilevered beams over the King's Chamber in Giza pyramid. The pent roof distributes weight and stress in a new way. In other words, Egypt had skilful engineers who created new types of architectural supporting systems."[/i] --Y.C. Chiu, An introduction to the History of Project Management. 2010 --------------------------------------------------------------- [IMG]http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/3q8x30897t2cs/pjyb8j/naqadaarticles.jpg[/IMG] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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