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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Troll Patrol # Ish Gebor: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Dead: [qb] [QUOTE]Recent studies find the ancient Egyptians had a tropical body plan like sub-Saharan 'black' Africans and were not cold-adapted like European type populations. Tropical body plans also indicate darker-skin. QUOTE: "The raw values in Table 6 suggest that Egyptians had the "super-Negroid" body plan described by Robins (1983).. This pattern is supported by Figure 7 (a plot of population mean femoral and tibial lengths; data from Ruff, 1994), which indicates that the Egyptians generally have tropical body plans. Of the Egyptian samples, only the Badarian and Early Dynastic period populations have shorter tibiae than predicted from femoral length. Despite these differences, all samples lie relatively clustered together as compared to the other populations." (Zakrzewski, S.R. (2003). "Variation in ancient Egyptian stature and body proportions". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 121 (3): 219-229. a 2008 Study puts the ancient Egyptians closer to US Blacks than whites: Quotes: "Intralimb (crural and brachial) indices are significantly higher in ancient Egyptians than in American Whites (except crural index among females), i.e., Egyptians have relatively longer distal segments (Table 4). Intralimb indices are not significantly different between Egyptians and American Blacks... Many of those who have studied ancient Egyptians have commented on their characteristically ''tropical'' or ''African'' body plan (Warren, 1897; Masali, 1972; Robins, 1983; Robins and Shute, 1983, 1984, 1986; Zakrzewski, 2003). Egyptians also fall within the range of modern African populations (Ruff and Walker, 1993), but close to the upper limit of modern Europeans as well, at least for the crural index (brachial indices are definitely more ''African'').. In terms of femoral and tibial length to total skeletal height proportions, we found that ancient Egyptians are significantly different from US Blacks, although still closer to Blacks than to Whites.[/QUOTE][IMG]http://www.newcastle-online.org/nufcforum/Smileys/Newcastle-Online/facepalm.gif[/IMG] "More recently, it has been shown that ancient Egyptians had brachial indices that were generally similar to ther African populations and [b]crural indices more similar to Southern Europeans[/b] (Raxter, 2011). Body breadth and body mass relative to stature in ancient Egyptians were [b]intermediate between high-and low-latitude groups[/b] (Raxter, 2011). (Bleuze et al., 2014) "The mosaic pattern in ecogeographic patterning among ancient Egyptian populations suggests that [b]they cannot readily be characterized as “super-Negroid” as previously suggested[/b] (Robins, 1983; Zakrzewski, 2003). (Bleuze et al., 2014) [URL=http://www.academia.edu/6355497/An_Exploration_of_Adult_Body_Shape_and_Limb_Proportions_at_Kellis_2_Dakhleh_Oasis_Egypt]Full Paper[/URL] [/qb][/QUOTE]'Im sorry to re-inform you again, but the pattern is always from South to North. We have been showing you this for years. I advice you to reread LA Brana. It clearly debunks your thesis. "Climate-Controlled Holocene Occupation in the Sahara: Motor of Africa's Evolution" [QUOTE] "Radiocarbon data from 150 archaeological excavations in the now hyper-arid Eastern Sahara of Egypt, Sudan, Libya, and Chad reveal close links between climatic variations and prehistoric occupation during the past 12,000 years. Synoptic multiple-indicator views for major time slices demonstrate the transition from initial settlement after the sudden onset of humid conditions at 8500 B.C.E. to the exodus resulting from gradual desiccation since 5300 B.C.E. Southward shifting of the desert margin helped trigger the emergence of pharaonic civilization along the Nile, influenced the spread of pastoralism throughout the continent, and affects sub-Saharan Africa to the present day." [/QUOTE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16857900 Science in the Sahara: Man of the desert Stefan Kröpelin has carved out a career where few dare to tread — in the heart of the Sahara. http://www.nature.com/news/science-in-the-sahara-man-of-the-desert-1.11162 "Mid-Holocene occupation of Egypt and global climatic change" http://www.academia.edu/635918/Mid-Holocene_Occupation_of_Egypt_and_global_climate_change "Wadi Bakht revisited" [QUOTE]Geoarchaeological and chronological evidence from the remote Gilf Kebir Plateau in southwest Egypt suggests a new model for the influence of early and mid-Holocene precipitation regimes on land-use strategies of prehistoric settlers in what is now the center of the largest hyperarid area on earth. We hypothesize that the quantitatively higher, daytime, monsoon summer rainfall characteristic of the early Holocene (9300–5400 14C yr B.P./8400–4300 yr B.C.) resulted in less grass growth on the plateau compared to the winter rains that presumably fell in the cool nights during the terminal phase of the Holocene pluvial (5400–4500 yr B.P./4300–3300 yr B.C.). The unparalleled climatic transition at 5400 yr B.P. (4300 yr B.C.) caused a fundamental environmental change that resulted in different patterns of human behavior, economy, and land use in the canyon-like valleys and on the plains surrounding the plateau. The model emphasizes the crucial impact of seasonal rainfall distribution on cultural landscapes in arid regions and the lower significance of annual precipitation rates, with implications for future numeric climate models. It also serves as an example of how past climate changes have affected human societies. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [/QUOTE] http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.20023/abstract [QUOTE]"At the end of the last Ice Age, the Sahara Desert was just as dry and uninviting as it is today. But sandwiched between two periods of extreme dryness were a few millennia of plentiful rainfall and lush vegetation. During these few thousand years, prehistoric humans left the congested Nile Valley and established settlements around rain pools, green valleys, and rivers.”[/QUOTE] http://www.livescience.com/4180-sahara-desert-lush-populated.html "Lakes in the Sahara" http://www.academia.edu/4931832/Lakes_in_the_Sahara Stratigraphy and sedimentology at BirSahara, Egypt: Environments, climate change and the Middle Paleolithic http://sspa.boisestate.edu/anthropology/files/2010/06/stratigraphy-and-sedimentology-at-bir-sahara.pdf Welcome to ES. ;) :D [/QB][/QUOTE]
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