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Message: HTML is not enabled. UBB Code™ is enabled.	[QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness,: [QB] I know it is. I mentioned him because he says some of the same thing (although he is talking about M173 rather than P25 I think your article says: "Human Y chromosomes belonging to the haplogroup R1b1-P25, although very common in Europe, are usually rare in Africa." they made a mistake P25 is not common in Europe, It is an isolated clade, the higher frequencies are found in Cameroon. Frequencies are also in Europe much lower wikipedia: R1b1 (R-P25) [b]R1b1, like R1b is rare.[/b] As mentioned above, examples are described in older articles, for example two in a sample from Turkey,[4] but most cases, especially in Africa, are now thought to be almost mostly in the more recently discovered sub-clade R-V88 (see below). Most or all examples of R1b therefore fall into subclades R1b1a (R-V88) or R1b1b (R-P297). Cruciani et al. in the large 2010 study found 3 cases amongst 1173 Italians, 1 out of 328 West Asians and 1 out of 156 East Asians.[22] Varzari found 3 cases in the Ukraine, in a study of 322 people from the Dniester-Carpathian region, who were P25 positive, but M269 negative.[23] Cases from older studies are mainly from Africa, the Middle East or Mediterranean, and are discussed below as probable cases of R1b1a (R-V88). While Western Europe is dominated by the R1b1a2 (R-M269) branch of R1b, the Chadic-speaking area in Africa is dominated by the branch known as R1b1c (R-V88). ________________________ And from other sources R1b1b1 (M173) and R1b1b2 (M269) are the most common subclades in Europe [b] Human Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88: a paternal genetic record of early mid Holocene trans-Saharan connections and the spread of Chadic languages Fulvio Cruciani1, Beniamino Trombetta1, Daniele Sellitto2, Andrea Massaia1, Giovanni Destro-Bisol3, Elizabeth Watson4, Eliane Beraud Colomb5, Jean-Michel Dugoujon6, Pedro Moral7 and Rosaria Scozzari1 Although human Y chromosomes belonging to haplogroup R1b are quite rare in Africa, being found mainly in Asia and Europe, a group of chromosomes within the paragroup R-P25* are found concentrated in the central-western part of the African continent, where they can be detected at frequencies as high as 95%. Phylogenetic evidence and coalescence time estimates suggest that R-P25* chromosomes (or their phylogenetic ancestor) may have been carried to Africa by an Asia-to-Africa back migration in prehistoric times. Here, we describe six new mutations that define the relationships among the African R-P25* Y chromosomes and between these African chromosomes and earlier reported R-P25 Eurasian sub-lineages. The incorporation of these new mutations into a phylogeny of the R1b haplogroup led to the identification of a new clade (R1b1a or R-V88) encompassing all the African R-P25* and about half of the few European/west Asian R-P25* chromosomes. A worldwide phylogeographic analysis of the R1b haplogroup provided strong support to the Asia-to-Africa back-migration hypothesis. The analysis of the distribution of the R-V88 haplogroup in >1800 males from 69 African populations revealed a striking genetic contiguity between the Chadic-speaking peoples from the central Sahel and several other Afroasiatic-speaking groups from North Africa. The R-V88 coalescence time was estimated at 9200–5600 kya, in the early mid Holocene. We suggest that R-V88 is a paternal genetic record of the proposed mid-Holocene migration of proto-Chadic Afroasiatic speakers through the Central Sahara into the Lake Chad Basin, and geomorphological evidence is consistent with this view. [/b] [/QB][/QUOTE]

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-Just Call Me Jari- Member # 14451	posted The genetic landscape of Equatorial Guinea and the origin and migration routes of the Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88. González M, Gomes V, López-Parra AM, Amorim A, Carracedo A, Sánchez-Diz P, Arroyo-Pardo E, Gusmão L. Source http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22892526 IPATIMUP, Institute of Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Abstract quote: Human Y chromosomes belonging to the haplogroup R1b1-P25, although very common in Europe, are usually rare in Africa. However, recently published studies have reported high frequencies of this haplogroup in the central-western region of the African continent and proposed that this represents a 'back-to-Africa' migration during prehistoric times. To obtain a deeper insight into the history of these lineages, we characterised the paternal genetic background of a population in Equatorial Guinea, a Central-West African country located near the region in which the highest frequencies of the R1b1 haplogroup in Africa have been found to date. In our sample, the large majority (78.6%) of the sequences belong to subclades in haplogroup E, which are the most frequent in Bantu groups. However, the frequency of the R1b1 haplogroup in our sample (17.0%) was higher than that previously observed for the majority of the African continent. Of these R1b1 samples, nine are defined by the V88 marker, which was recently discovered in Africa. As high microsatellite variance was found inside this haplogroup in Central-West Africa and a decrease in this variance was observed towards Northeast Africa, our findings do not support the previously hypothesised movement of Chadic-speaking people from the North across the Sahara as the explanation for these R1b1 lineages in Central-West Africa. The present findings are also compatible with an origin of the V88-derived allele in the Central-West Africa, and its presence in North Africa may be better explained as the result of a migration from the south during the mid-Holocene. European Journal of Human Genetics advance online publication, 15 August 2012; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2012.167.
the lioness, Member # 17353	posted Clyde Winters
the lioness, Member # 17353	posted . African Y chromosome news (E1b1a and R-V88) European Journal of Human Genetics advance online publication 15 August 2012; doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2012.176 Evidence from Y-chromosome analysis for a late exclusively eastern expansion of the Bantu-speaking people Naser Ansari Pour1, Christopher A Plaster1 and Neil Bradman1 Abstract The expansion of the Bantu-speaking people (EBSP) during the past 3000–5000 years is an event of great importance in the history of humanity. Anthropology, archaeology, linguistics and, in recent decades, genetics have been used to elucidate some of the events and processes involved. Although it is generally accepted that the EBSP has its origin in the so-called Bantu Homeland situated in the area of the border between Nigeria and the Grassfields of Cameroon, and that it followed both western and eastern routes, much less is known about the number and dates of those expansions, if more than one. Mitochondrial, Y-chromosome and autosomal DNA analyses have been carried out in attempts to understand the demographic events that have taken place. There is an increasing evidence that the expansion was a more complex process than originally thought and that neither a single demographic event nor an early split between western and eastern groups occurred. In this study, we analysed unique event polymorphism and short tandem repeat variation in non-recombining Y-chromosome haplogroups contained within the E1b1a haplogroup, which is exclusive to individuals of recent African ancestry, in a large, geographically widely distributed, set of sub-Saharan Africans (groups=43, n=2757), all of whom, except one Nilo-Saharan-speaking group, spoke a Niger-Congo language and most a Bantu tongue. Analysis of diversity and rough estimates of times to the most recent common ancestors of haplogroups provide evidence of multiple expansions along eastern and western routes and a late, exclusively eastern route, expansion.
-Just Call Me Jari- Member # 14451	posted Actually this is a real scientific study, I think Clyde has SOME clout. quote: Originally posted by the lioness,: Clyde Winters
the lioness, Member # 17353	posted I know it is. I mentioned him because he says some of the same thing (although he is talking about M173 rather than P25 I think your article says: "Human Y chromosomes belonging to the haplogroup R1b1-P25, although very common in Europe, are usually rare in Africa." they made a mistake P25 is not common in Europe, It is an isolated clade, the higher frequencies are found in Cameroon. Frequencies are also in Europe much lower wikipedia: R1b1 (R-P25) *R1b1, like R1b* is rare.** As mentioned above, examples are described in older articles, for example two in a sample from Turkey,[4] but most cases, especially in Africa, are now thought to be almost mostly in the more recently discovered sub-clade R-V88 (see below). Most or all examples of R1b therefore fall into subclades R1b1a (R-V88) or R1b1b (R-P297). Cruciani et al. in the large 2010 study found 3 cases amongst 1173 Italians, 1 out of 328 West Asians and 1 out of 156 East Asians.[22] Varzari found 3 cases in the Ukraine, in a study of 322 people from the Dniester-Carpathian region, who were P25 positive, but M269 negative.[23] Cases from older studies are mainly from Africa, the Middle East or Mediterranean, and are discussed below as probable cases of R1b1a (R-V88). While Western Europe is dominated by the R1b1a2 (R-M269) branch of R1b, the Chadic-speaking area in Africa is dominated by the branch known as R1b1c (R-V88). ________________________ And from other sources R1b1b1 (M173) and R1b1b2 (M269) are the most common subclades in Europe Human Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88: a paternal genetic record of early mid Holocene trans-Saharan connections and the spread of Chadic languages Fulvio Cruciani1, Beniamino Trombetta1, Daniele Sellitto2, Andrea Massaia1, Giovanni Destro-Bisol3, Elizabeth Watson4, Eliane Beraud Colomb5, Jean-Michel Dugoujon6, Pedro Moral7 and Rosaria Scozzari1 Although human Y chromosomes belonging to haplogroup R1b are quite rare in Africa, being found mainly in Asia and Europe, a group of chromosomes within the paragroup R-P25* are found concentrated in the central-western part of the African continent, where they can be detected at frequencies as high as 95%. Phylogenetic evidence and coalescence time estimates suggest that R-P25* chromosomes (or their phylogenetic ancestor) may have been carried to Africa by an Asia-to-Africa back migration in prehistoric times. Here, we describe six new mutations that define the relationships among the African R-P25* Y chromosomes and between these African chromosomes and earlier reported R-P25 Eurasian sub-lineages. The incorporation of these new mutations into a phylogeny of the R1b haplogroup led to the identification of a new clade (R1b1a or R-V88) encompassing all the African R-P25* and about half of the few European/west Asian R-P25* chromosomes. A worldwide phylogeographic analysis of the R1b haplogroup provided strong support to the Asia-to-Africa back-migration hypothesis. The analysis of the distribution of the R-V88 haplogroup in >1800 males from 69 African populations revealed a striking genetic contiguity between the Chadic-speaking peoples from the central Sahel and several other Afroasiatic-speaking groups from North Africa. The R-V88 coalescence time was estimated at 9200–5600 kya, in the early mid Holocene. We suggest that R-V88 is a paternal genetic record of the proposed mid-Holocene migration of proto-Chadic Afroasiatic speakers through the Central Sahara into the Lake Chad Basin, and geomorphological evidence is consistent with this view.
xyyman Member # 13597	posted quote: Originally posted by .Charlie Bass.: http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v...g2012167a.html The genetic landscape of Equatorial Guinea and the origin and migration routes of the Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88 Miguel González1, Verónica Gomes1,2, Ana Maria López-Parra3, António Amorim1,4, Ángel Carracedo2, Paula Sánchez-Diz2, Eduardo Arroyo-Pardo3 and Leonor Gusmão1 Human Y chromosomes belonging to the haplogroup R1b1-P25, although very common in Europe, are usually rare in Africa. However, recently published studies have reported high frequencies of this haplogroup in the central-western region of the African continent and proposed that this represents a ‘back-to-Africa’ migration during prehistoric times. To obtain a deeper insight into the history of these lineages, we characterised the paternal genetic background of a population in Equatorial Guinea, a Central-West African country located near the region in which the highest frequencies of the R1b1 haplogroup in Africa have been found to date. In our sample, the large majority (78.6%) of the sequences belong to subclades in haplogroup E, which are the most frequent in Bantu groups. However, the frequency of the R1b1 haplogroup in our sample (17.0%) was higher than that previously observed for the majority of the African continent. Of these R1b1 samples, nine are defined by the V88 marker, which was recently discovered in Africa. As high microsatellite variance was found inside this haplogroup in Central-West Africa and a decrease in this variance was observed towards Northeast Africa, our findings do not support the previously hypothesised movement of Chadic-speaking people from the North across the Sahara as the explanation for these R1b1 lineages in Central-West Africa. The present findings are also compatible with an origin of the V88-derived allele in the Central-West Africa, and its presence in North Africa may be better explained as the result of a migration from the south during the mid-Holocene. quote: Originally posted by .Charlie Bass.: quote: Originally posted by xyyman: PDF now on ESR!!!! quote: Originally posted by xyyman: Will upload the pdf when I get time. Which thread? Can you post the link?
IronLion Member # 16412	posted Jari, can I hear you say sorry to xyyman, for trying another case of rip and burn. I have suffered like this at your hands also. I am waiting...
Djehuti Member # 6698	posted ^^ Ah shut up! quote: Originally posted by -Just Call Me Jari-: quote: Originally posted by the lyinass,: Clyde Winters Actually this is a real scientific study, I think Clyde has SOME clout. Even a broken clock is right twice a day. LOL The Euronuts tried to white-wash E1b1b, but failed miserably. That they try to do the same with R1-V88 and other R1 derived hgs in West and Central Africa is amusing especially considering they are found in people who don't look very 'negroid'.
the lioness, Member # 17353	posted ^^^ look at this asshole, going in and bothering to type "lyinass" all the time, get a life, always lowering the level of discourse
Djehuti Member # 6698	posted ^ YOU shut your face too b\|tch! Don't get mad at me because Jari's thread debunks your lying and dumb ass.
Djehuti Member # 6698	posted There is no escaping it. NRY hg R is likely of African origin. Not only is the oldest underived R1* in Eurasia found in Oman, but underived R1* is also found in southern Egypt as well as in central and West Africa along with derived varieties of R1 not even found in Eurasia. This along with the source that shows that the first AMH groups who settled Europe were found to carry hg G and I and not R and definitely R is not to be associated with Neolithic diffusion which is correlated with E and J. I remember this being discussed in a thread last month before the Christmas break. Does anyone have the link to that thread or the sources cited therein.
Troll Patrol Member # 18264	posted quote: Originally posted by -Just Call Me Jari-: The genetic landscape of Equatorial Guinea and the origin and migration routes of the Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88. González M, Gomes V, López-Parra AM, Amorim A, Carracedo A, Sánchez-Diz P, Arroyo-Pardo E, Gusmão L. Source http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22892526 IPATIMUP, Institute of Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Abstract quote: Human Y chromosomes belonging to the haplogroup R1b1-P25, although very common in Europe, are usually rare in Africa. However, recently published studies have reported high frequencies of this haplogroup in the central-western region of the African continent and proposed that this represents a 'back-to-Africa' migration during prehistoric times. To obtain a deeper insight into the history of these lineages, we characterised the paternal genetic background of a population in Equatorial Guinea, a Central-West African country located near the region in which the highest frequencies of the R1b1 haplogroup in Africa have been found to date. In our sample, the large majority (78.6%) of the sequences belong to subclades in haplogroup E, which are the most frequent in Bantu groups. However, the frequency of the R1b1 haplogroup in our sample (17.0%) was higher than that previously observed for the majority of the African continent. Of these R1b1 samples, nine are defined by the V88 marker, which was recently discovered in Africa. As high microsatellite variance was found inside this haplogroup in Central-West Africa and a decrease in this variance was observed towards Northeast Africa, our findings do not support the previously hypothesised movement of Chadic-speaking people from the North across the Sahara as the explanation for these R1b1 lineages in Central-West Africa. The present findings are also compatible with an origin of the V88-derived allele in the Central-West Africa, and its presence in North Africa may be better explained as the result of a migration from the south during the mid-Holocene. European Journal of Human Genetics advance online publication, 15 August 2012; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2012.167. Interesting,
The Explorer Member # 14778	posted quote: Originally posted by the lioness,: they made a mistake P25 is not common in Europe, It is an isolated clade, the higher frequencies are found in Cameroon. Frequencies are also in Europe much lower The majority of European R1 clades carry the P25 motif. What are you basing your remark, that the opposite is true, on?
Djehuti Member # 6698	posted ^ What else? She's basing her remark solely on the wishful thinking of her lyinass.
IronLion Member # 16412	posted lyinass skunt...
Djehuti Member # 6698	posted ^ Now, now, let's not resort to calling nasty names. I thought lyinass was your girlfriend anyway?
IronLion Member # 16412	posted What the fuk? You, Jay-Hooti are Lionese Skunt. Same person different account...
Djehuti Member # 6698	posted ^ I'm just saying, when lyinass disappeared who expressed concern and admitted you "missed" her. Trust me, I ain't her! LOL
IronLion Member # 16412	posted ^You can fool some people sometimes, but you can't fool all the people all the time. We are on to you, skunt!