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The Garamantes were not Berber speakers
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Swenet: [QB] Great song and gotcha with the site maps. I glanced over their accompanying descriptions thinking you wanted to point out the distance between early Capsian site distributions and the Fezzan, as you did in your written reply. [QUOTE]Originally posted by Tukuler: It's anachronistic to speak of ancient and pre-historic North African genetics in terms of Tuareg instead of what it really is the generic genetics of a very broad region in Africa where by the late Holocene many distinct ethnies began forming up until today.[/QUOTE]How? Please explain. The 10kya Iberian migration embodied by H1 is very specific and, in its diversity, frequency and TMRCA [URL=http://i50.tinypic.com/5ufghx.jpg]matches Capsian site distribution[/URL]. The Tuareg come to the fore as strongly (but not exclusively) defined by this component. That their ethnogenesis is recent has no bearing on this. Ancestry informative markers transcend plastic and petty human made divisions like ethnogenesis, religion, self-identity et al. [QUOTE]Originally posted by Tukuler: How hard is it to think of relieving pressure from something by poking a hole in it? That's the idea that was applied to human skulls by the most primitive of people the Maurusians to modern day people coastal Berbers, Tubu, etc. But the idea never caught on with Tuareg.[/QUOTE]So, you think the simplicity of ''just poking a hole'' dictates that it's more likely that Northern Algerian populations invented the practice independently, in Epi-palaeolithic, Metal age and modern times, even though there is biological continuity from all three time periods? I've never come across descriptions of trephination as marginalized as you describe it here. It is generally conceptualized as a [i]surgical[/i] practice that is reflective of considerable anatomical awareness, especially when those having undergone this practice display signs of healing. Indeed, while Nikita et al and I disagree about the provenance of this practice, she agrees that its peculiar enough to act as a diffusion marker. [QUOTE]Originally posted by Tukuler: I have absolutely no idea where you ever read me saying anything even remotely resembling that.[/QUOTE]I could have sworn that you maintained that the Tuareg were relatively recent arrivals in the Central Sahara, being preceded by Nilo-Saharan speakers in this region. [QUOTE]Originally posted by Tukuler: The field still accept Cavalli-Sforza's classical nuclear markers defining Beja (Cushitic) Tuareg (Berber) high affinity. (Begin reading Cavalli-Sforza1994 p172here) He posits a 5k split between the two. If this map is correct Chadic and Berber do originate near the same geography in line with Ehret's proto-Chado-Berber.[/QUOTE]This has never been reproduced AFAIK, and neither have the many other links (Nubian-Moroccan, Biaka-Sara, San-Somali). I'm not denying that the results are authentic, just that the used variables aren't very powerful as judged by it's fruits. The K-based, mtDNA and Y Chromosomal analysis have consistently and repeatedly tied all Berbers together (including the Tuareg, in the latter two types of analysis), yet, they're all over the place in this analysis. [QUOTE]Originally posted by Tukuler: Since when are Tubu "clearly a Chadic population, with Chadic ancestry"?[/QUOTE]Since they're Nilo-Saharan speakers of the Saharan branch, tied linguistically with the likes of the Kanembu and other Chadian populations. All Chadic speakers and Nilo-Saharan speakers who aren't recent arrivals in Chad have so far tested positive for this ancestry. Certain Cameroonian populations from Chad also have tested positive for this ancestry. See Tishkoff 2009. They also mostly have little to high Y T-M184 and/or R-V88 (including the Toubou, per Spencer Wells), like many other Chadic and Chadic admixed populations. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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