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The 'Average' Northwest African Phenotype/Origins of Northwest Africans
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness,: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Son of Ra: Also do you agree that the Maghreb/Northwest Africa was sparsely populated prior to the 16th century?.... Who said I am ignoring things??? [/QUOTE]The Maghreb is sparsely populated today because most is desert. However there is population density along the coast. On a relative basis these populated parts have been populated centuries before the 16th c [QUOTE]Originally posted by Son of Ra: 2. Minus Carthage, the Maghreb area was not that populated. [/QUOTE]Bow you're saying "minus" Carthage At it's height Carthage had half a million people, mainly Phoenicians from Lebanon [QUOTE]Originally posted by Son of Ra: I know about Roman occupation in Northwest Africa. But how large was their presence? It seems just military officials. [/QUOTE]Historian Theodore Mommsen estimated that under Hadrian nearly 1/3 of the eastern Namibia population (roughly modern Tunisia) was descended from Roman veterans. The Roman military presence of North Africa was about 28,000 troops and auxiliaries in Namibia and the two Mauretanian provinces. Also see Cyrenaica and Tripolitania - the must be looked at on a relative basis as per population compared to what was before - sparse poulation of nomads [QUOTE]Originally posted by Son of Ra: The vandals were mostly a minority and didn't they leave? [/QUOTE]6th cent Byzantine scholar Procopius' said that the Vandals and Alans numbered 80,000 when they moved to North Africa, Modern scholar Peter Heather estimates that they could have fielded an army of around 15,000–20,000. [QUOTE]Originally posted by Son of Ra: I thought Arabs just used Northwest Africa as just an outpost? [/QUOTE]They had armies and three stages of conquest in Africa. Arab Bedouin tribes intermarried with the local berber populations. Examples of these Arab Bedouin tribes migrated into North Africa in the 11th century [QUOTE]Originally posted by Son of Ra: There were very few people living in the coastal region of the Maghreb. Heck dynasties like the Almoravid didn't even originate in the coastal areas, but the Sahara. And the Almoravid came much later. [/QB][/QUOTE]The coastal regions had the most population density since the drying of the sahara. Libyans had armies large enough to challenge the Egyptians. They were thought to have input form Phoenicians or "Sea People" of across the Mediterranean Before the Almovarids North Africa was conquered by he Umayyads. In 693 AD, Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan sent an army of 40,000 men, commanded by Hasan ibn al-Nu'man, into Cyrenaica and Tripolitania in order to remove the Byzantine threat to the Umayyads advance in North Africa. Spain was conquered by the Umayyads beginning in 711. I [QUOTE]Originally posted by Tukuler: [qb] From http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-8478.html Beginning with the [b]Arab[/b] conquest of the western Maghrib in the 8th century, [i][b]Mauritania[/b] experienced a slow but constant infiltration of Arabs and Arab influence from the north[/i]. The growing Arab presence pressed the Berbers, who chose not to mix with other groups, to move farther south into Mauritania, forcing out the Black inhabitants. By the 16th century, most Blacks had been pushed to the Senegal River. Those remaining in the north became slaves cultivating the oases. After the decline of the [b]Almoravid[/b] Empire, a long process of arabization began in Mauritania, one that until then had been resisted successfully by the Berbers. [u]Several groups of [b]Yemeni Arabs[/b] who had been devastating the north of Africa turned south to Mauritania[/u]. Settling in northern Mauritania, they disrupted the caravan trade, causing routes to shift east, which in turn led to the gradual decline of Mauritania's trading towns. One particular Yemeni group, the [b]Bani Hassan[/b], continued to migrate southward until, by the end of the 17th century, they dominated the entire country. The last effort of the Berbers to shake off the Arab yoke was the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War (1644-74), or Sharr Bubba, led by Nasir ad Din, a [b]Lemtuna[/b] imam (see Glossary). This Sanhadja war of liberation was, however, unsuccessful; the [u]Berbers were forced to abandon the sword and became vassals to the warrior Arab groups[/u]. Thus, the contemporary social structure of Mauritania can be dated from 1674. The [i]warrior[/i] groups or Arabs dominated the Berber groups, who turned to [i]cleric[/i]alism to regain a degree of ascendancy. At the bottom of the social structure were the [i]slaves[/i], subservient to both warriors and Islamic holy men. [u]All of these groups, whose language was [i]Hassaniya Arabic[/i], became known as [b]Maures[/b][/u]. The bitter rivalries and resentments characteristic of their social structure were later fully exploited by the French. alTakruri notes: Missing from the essay is the first Arab attack against Ghana which was utterly smashed. A few Arabs fled back north across the Sahara but the majority of the invading forces settled down in the Tagant and the Hodh under suzeriegnty of Ghana where they became the Honethin (sp?) [/qb][/QUOTE]The Capsians were the last of the hunter gather cultures that ended around 6000 BC. After the drying of the Sahara came North Africa became sparsely populated until the Phoenicians came around 1000-800 BC [/QB][/QUOTE]
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